Moscow - the heart of Russia

Размещено на http://www.allbest.ru/

Размещено на http://www.allbest.ru/

Муниципальное общеобразовательное учреждение

Средняя общеобразовательная школа № 15

Проектная работа

«Moscow - the heart of Russia»

Гуманитарное направление: иностранные языки

Выполнила: Савельева Анна

Ученица 10 класса «А»

Руководитель:

Филитова Галина Михайловна

учитель английского языка

Егорьевск, 2015

Bolshoi theatre

The Bolshoi theatre is one of the largest in Russia and one of the most significant in the world of Opera and ballet. The complex of buildings of the theatre is located in the center of Moscow, at the Theater square.

The theatre history is taken from March 1776, when the provincial Prosecutor Prince Peter V. Urusov received the assent of the Empress Catherine II to include theatre... all kinds of performances and concerts, vocaly and masquerades". The Prince began the construction of the theatre, which was named Petrovsky (at the location of Petrovka street on the right Bank of the Imperial government). Urusovs theatre burned even before its opening, and the Prince handed the business over to his partner, English businessman Michael (Mikhail) Maddox. Petrovka theatre was built under the leadership of Maddox by architect Christian of Rosberg in 1776-1789. The theatre was named after the street Petrovka, the beginning of which it stood close to the site, surrounded by a chaotic construction.

Three-storey brick building with white stone details and under plank roof has risen for five months and cost Maddox 130 thousand silver rubles, 50 thousand more than the estimate. The Grand opening was held on December 30 in 1780. The Theatre had stalls, three tiers of boxes and a gallery, containing about 1 thousand spectators, "Mascherano hall in two of the world", "card" and other special areas. The new round masquerade hall "Rotunda" added to the theatre in 1788. It was reconstructed last year.

Alexandrovsky garden

Alexandrovsky garden is a Park in the center of Moscow. The date of Foundation is 1812 in the place of the Neglinnaya river. It is located in the North-West side of the Kremlin in China-the city of Moscow. The garden area is about 10 hectares. Alexandrovsky garden has always been and remains a favorite place of Muscovites and guests of the capital. Hiking is possible to make three walks parallel to the Kremlin wall and Manege square. In the Upper and Middle gardens many species of trees (Linden, maple, blue spruce) and ornamental shrubs (lilac, Jasmine, cherry, acacia, hawthorn), flowering at different times of the year are planted. Two centenary oak remained in the territory of a garden.

In magnificent flower beds of tulips and roses are broken spring and summer. In the garden there are many historical objects Kutafya tower of the Kremlin, Italian grotto, the obelisk to the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty, converted by the Bolsheviks in the monument to the revolutionary and theorist of socialism, and in 2013 restored to their original form. The monuments, reminding visitors about the history of the two world wars, the first (1812) and the great (1941-1945) occupy a special place in the Alexandrovsky garden.

moscow sights cathedral sparrow

The Cathedral of Christ the Savior

The Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow is the Cathedral of the Russian Orthodox Church. Nowadays the construction (it was made in the 1990-ies) is the external restoration of the eponymous temple, created in the nineteenth century. The temple is a collective Cenotaph of the soldiers of the Russian Imperial army, who died in the war with Napoleon. On the walls of the temple there are the names of the officers who fell in the war of 1812 and Foreign campaigns of the 1797-1806 and 1814-1815.

The original Church was erected in the memory of the Napoleonic invasion by the architect K. A. Ton. The construction lasted for almost 44 years: the Church was founded on September 23 in 1839, it was consecrated on the 26 of May in 1883. The Church was destroyed ( during the Communist rule of Joseph Stalin) on the 5 of December in 1931. It was Rebuilt in 1994-1997.

The Church has the status of the Patriarchal metochion. The temple the largest Russia at the time of completion. It was designed for 10 000 people. The temple looks like an equilateral cross about 85 m wide. The height of the temple with a dome and a cross is 103 m (1.5 m higher than St. Isaac's Cathedral). It was Built in the tradition of Russian-Byzantine style. This style had wide public support at the time of the beginning of construction. The paintings inside the temple takes about 22 000 m2. About 9000 m2 were gilded.

The State Tretyakov gallery

The State Tretyakov gallery is an art gallery in Moscow, founded in 1856 by the Moscow merchant Pavel Tretyakov, which has one of the largest collections of Russian art. The exhibition in the main building of the "Russian painting of XI - beginning of XX century" (10 Lavrushinsky lane) is a part of the all-Russian Museum Association "State Tretyakov gallery", formed in 1986. Pavel Tretyakov began to gather his collection of paintings in the middle of 1850. The founding year of the Tretyakov gallery is considered to be 1856, when Pavel Tretyakov acquired two paintings by Russian artists: "Temptation" H. He Shilder and "Skirmish with Finnish smugglers" by V. Khudyakov, though earlier in 1854-1855, he bought 11 graphic sheets and 9 paintings of old Dutch masters. In 1867 for the General public in Zamoskvorechye "Moscow city gallery of Pavel and Sergei Tretyakov" was opened.

Its collection consisted of 1276 paintings, 471 sculpture and 10 drawings of by Russian artists, as well as 84 paintings by foreign artists.

In August 1892 Pavel Mikhailovich gave his art gallery donated to the city of Moscow. In the Gallery is collection at this time there were 1287 picturesque and 518 graphic works of the Russian school, 75 paintings and 8 drawings of European schools, 15 sculptures and a collection of icons. On the 15 of August in 1893 people saw the official opening of the Museum called "Moscow city gallery of Pavel and Sergei Mihajlovicha Tretyakov" the family Tretyakov bought in 1851. As the Tretyakov collection of art grew, the residential part of the mansion filled with art ant it became necessary to make additions to the mansion in order to store and display the works of art.

Vorobyovy Gory (Sparrow Hills)

Vorobyovy Gory (1935-1999 - Lenin hills) is the name of the area in the South-West of Moscow, representing the high right bank of the Moskva river, covered by forest. They are Located opposite the Luzhniki stadium. They are considered one of the "seven hills of Moscow. In the East they border with Neskuchny garden. They are on a steep bank 80 m above the Moskva river.

The slope facing the Moskva river, is dissected by deep ravines.A small rivers Cura tributaries, black Pudding and Kotlovka flew there earlier. There are outputs of springs and landslide processes. Landscape of hills forms the eponymous Park, where three ponds.

Sparrow hills are one of the most beautiful places in Moscow. High right Bank of the Moskva river at all times attracted to itself the attention with a dense forest, a difficult terrain and wonderful views of the river. The most extensive and picturesque view of the capital can be seen from sparrow hills. The Vorobyovy hills, on behalf of the village vorobyevo that existed here since the fourteenth century is named after its original owners of the boyars Sparrow.

In the middle-fifteenth century Princess Sophia Viewtown, daughter of Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas and wife of Grand Prince of Moscow Vasily I bought the "priestly village vorobyevo" from the descendants of the Moscow boyar Yuri Vorobyov, who was sent by the Grand Duke Simeon Proud to Constantinople for approval at the Moscow Metropolitan Department of St. Alexis in 1352. She gave it according to her last wishes the favourite grandson of Prince Dmitrov Yuri Vasilyevich in 1453. After the death of the childless Dmitrov Prince the village Vorobyevo moved by his order a brother Ivan III, Grand Prince of Moscow, in 1473.

Moscow zoo

The Moscow Zoo is the second largest zoo in Russia. The first one is the Yaroslavl zoo area of 120 hectares. It was founded in 1864. It is collection contains 1150 species of animals, the number of live instances is 8856 individuals. The main goals of the zoo are, conservation, educational and research activities. The regular tours, training sessions with students, visiting lecture with demonstration of domesticated animals are held in the Moscow Zoo. The Zoo participates in a large number of international programs for the keeping and breeding of rare species of animals, constantly carries out exchanges of animals with many zoos in the world. There is "Children's zoo" on the territory.

The Moscow Zoo was founded by the Russian Imperial Society of acclimatization of animals and plants in 1864. One of the main initiators of its creation became a Professor at Moscow University Anatoly Petrovich Bogdanov. He called it "a living open-air Museum". Funding of the Zoo was funded from the proceeds from entrance fees, and thanks to the donations of the Imperial family. The architect of the first buildings of the Zoo was P.F., Campioni. The first inspector (Director) of the Zoo became Professor J. N. Kalinowski.

Saint Basil's Cathedral

The Cathedral of Intercession of on the MostHoly Theotokos on the Moat was also called Saint Basil's Cathedral is a Russian Orthodox Church located in Red Square in Moscow. It is a well - known monument of Russian architecture. Until the XVII century it was commonly called the Trinity because the original wooden temple was dedicated to the Holy Trinity. It was also known as "Jerusalem". It was connected with the dedication of one of the aisles and occurred on palm Sunday procession to it from the assumption Cathedral with the "procession of his entrance upon a donkey" of the Patriarch. Pokrovsky Cathedral was built in 1555-1561 by orders of Ivan the Terrible to commemorate the capture of Kazan and the victory over the Kazan khanate, which happened on the day of the Intercession of the blessed virgin Mary in early October 1552. There are several versions of the creators of the Cathedral. According to one version, the architect was famous Pskov master Postnik Yakovlev, nicknamed Barma.

According to another widely known version Barma and Postnik were two different architects, both involved in the construction. This version is now obsolete. The third version, the Cathedral was built by an unknown master of Western Europe. So the Cathedral has such a unique style that combines the traditions of Russian architecture, European architecture of the Renaissance, but this version have so far found no clear documentary evidence.

Анкета

1) Знаете ли вы в каком году была основана Москва и кто ее основатель?

а) да (88,5 %)

б) нет (11,5 %)

2) Есть ли у вас самое любимое место в Москве?

а) да (92,3 %)

б) нет (7,7 %)

3) Совершали ли вы когда-нибудь экскурсию по Москве-реке?

а) да (26.9 %)

б) нет (73,1 %)

4) Были ли вы в Александровском саду в Москве?

а) да (7,7 %)

б) нет (92,3 %)

5) Были ли вы в Московском Зоопарке?

а) да (80,8 %)

б) нет (19,2 %)

6) Видели ли вы Собор Василия Блаженного?

а) да (57,7 %)

б) нет (42,3 %)

7) Были ли вы в Большом театре?

а) да (30,8 %)

б) нет (69,2 %)

8) Посещали ли вы Третьяковскую галерею?

а) да (30,8 %)

б) нет (69,2 %)

9) Были ли вы в Храме Христа Спасителя?

а) да (46,1 %)

б) нет (53,9 %)

10) Довелось ли вам побывать на Воробьевых горах?

а) да (11,5 %)

б) нет (88,5 %)

Вопросы анкеты

3) Совершали ли вы когда-нибудь экскурсию по Москве-реке?

4) Были ли вы в Александровском саду в Москве?

5) Были ли вы в Московском Зоопарке?

6) Видели ли вы Собор Василия Блаженного?

7) Были ли вы в Большом театре?

8) Посещали ли вы Третьяковскую галерею?

9) Были ли вы в Храме Христа Спасителя?

10) Довелось ли вам побывать на Воробьевых горах?

Размещено на Allbest.ru