Company sustainable growth as the result of interaction between finance, energy, environmental and social factors (in case of JSC “Gazprom”)

Possibilities for overcoming this problem by investigating sustainability of financial growth of the largest Russian natural gas company, Gazprom. Interaction and interconnection between the financial, energy, environmental, and social subsystems.

Рубрика Экономика и экономическая теория
Вид статья
Язык английский
Дата добавления 09.06.2021
Размер файла 1,9 M

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Appendix

Table. List of research indicators

Factor

Index

Proxy

Calculation' method

Financial

Sustainability

Higgins' Sustainable Growth Rate

SGR(H)

RM * AT * FL * R

Earnings before interest and taxing

EBIT

Earnings before interest and taxing

Return on Assets

ROA

(EBIT/Total Assets)-100 %

Return on Sales

ROS

Return on sales

Return on Equity

ROE

Net income/Equity

Return On Capital Employed

ROCE

EBIT/(Total Assets-Current Liabilities)

Financial

Factors

Return on Fixed Assets

ROFA

EBIT/Fixed Assets

Net working capital

NWC

Current assets-current liabilities

Net working capital Turnover

NWCT

Revenue/Current Assets

Current Ratio

CR

Current assets/current liabilities

Revenue growth

RG

An increase of a company s sales when compared to a previous quarter s revenue performance

Net profit growth

NPG

An increase of a company s net profit when compared to a previous quarter s net profit performance

Net assets growth

NAG

An increase of a company s net assets when compared to a previous quarter s net assets performance. Net assets = Total assets - Total Current liabilities

Financial leverage

FL

Total Assets/Equity

Operation leverage degree

DOL

% change in EBIT/% change in Revenue

Debt equity ratio

DER

Total liabilities/Equity. Total liabilities = Equity-Assets

Weighted Average Cost Of Capital

WACC

WACC = rE * kE * rD * kD * (1 - T)

Energy factors

Energy Indicators

LEI

Lambert Energy Index

ES

Energy Savings

Return on environmental expences

ROEenv

costs concerning environmental protection and decision of pollution question/ production

Environmental

Environmental ratings

ER

Gazprom' environmental ranking

factors

Production/Reserves ratio

PRP

Pro duction/Reserves

Footprint

FP

Footprint

Biocapacity

BC

Biocapacity (фnoйMKOCTh)

Factor

Index

Proxy

Calculation' method

Social factors

Revenue per employee ratio

RER

Total Revenue / Total Number of Employees.

Return on social expences

ROEsr

Costs concerning employee benefits / net profit

Return on Labour

ROL

Net Profit / Number of employees

Based on: [Higgins, 1977; Ivashkovskaya, 2014].

Устойчивый рост компании как результат взаимодействия финансовых, энергетических, экологических и социальных факторов (на примере ПАО «Газпром»)

А. Н. Стеблянская, Джен Ванг, А. Р. Денисов, З. В. Брагина, Харбинский инженерный университет, Китай, Харбин, провинция Хэйлунцзян, район Нанганг, ул. Наньтун, 145, здание 31, Китайский университет нефти (Пекин), Китай, 102249, Пекин, ул. Фусюе, 18, Костромской государственный университет, Российская Федерация, 156005, Кострома, ул. Дзержинского, 17, МИРЭА -- Российский технологический университет, Российская Федерация, 119454, Москва, пр. Вернандского, 78

Финансовая политика и устойчивый рост компаний часто противоречат друг другу. В статье анализируются возможности преодоления данной проблемы. Исследуется вопрос устойчивости финансового роста крупнейшей российской газовой компании ПАО «Газпром». В отличие от традиционных интерпретаций, устойчивость компании рассматривается как результат взаимодействия между финансовыми, энергетическими, экологическими и социальными подсистемами. Авторы анализируют взаимосвязь между показателями подсистемы, используя индекс устойчивого роста Хиггинса и индекс системы устойчивого роста. Результаты исследований показывают, что система устойчивого роста «Газпрома» стабильна, но во избежание дестабилизации предлагаются способы предотвращения развития барьеров на пути к устойчивому росту компании. В работе представлен подход, использующий негэнтропию Шеннона для улучшения дискриминации моделей устойчивой системы анализа охвата данных. При таком подходе эффективность анализа среды функционирования сначала рассчитывается для всех возможных подмножеств переменных и анализируется с использованием теории энтропии Шеннона для установления степени важности каждого подмножества в системе устойчивого роста «Газпрома». Затем авторы объединяют полученные значения эффективности и степени важности для получения общего показателя эффективности, который может заметно улучшить дискриминацию моделей устойчивого роста. Для визуализации трансформации устойчивости системы целесообразно использовать показатель негэнтропии. На уровень системного индекса устойчивого роста имеют влияние следующие факторы: добыча, энергосбережение, экологический рейтинг, экологический футпринт, сокращение выбросов загрязняющих веществ в атмосферу, снижение сброса сточных вод в поверхностные водные объекты, расходы, направленные на экологию, расходы на персонал, социальные расходы, финансовый рычаг, коэффициент самофинансирования и прибыль до вычета процентов, налога на прибыль и амортизации активов.

Ключевые слова: устойчивый рост, индекс устойчивого роста Хиггинса, методология системы устойчивого роста, социальные, энергетические и экологические факторы, влияющие на устойчивый рост, анализ среды функционирования, энтропия Шеннона.

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