Preservation and reproduction of intellectual potential as a factor of recovery and growth of Ukraine’s economy in the post-war period
Structural economic changes that took place after the departure of about 6 million people from Ukraine were reflected in the transformation of economic activity and business in the country. Negative demographic trend - outflow intellectual capital abroad.
| Рубрика | Экономика и экономическая теория |
| Вид | статья |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 19.03.2024 |
| Размер файла | 151,4 K |
Отправить свою хорошую работу в базу знаний просто. Используйте форму, расположенную ниже
Студенты, аспиранты, молодые ученые, использующие базу знаний в своей учебе и работе, будут вам очень благодарны.
Размещено на http://www.allbest.ru/
Preservation and reproduction of intellectual potential as a factor of recovery and growth of Ukraine's economy in the post-war period Scientific Paper was elaborated within the framework of the project EU Next Generation EU through the Recovery and Resilience Plan for Slovakia under the project No. 09I03-03-V01- 00081 аnd EU Next Generation EU through the Recovery and Resilience Plan for Slovakia under the project No. 09I03-03-V01-00133
Labunska Svitlana
Dr.Sc in Economics, Professor, Established Researcher
Institute of Public Administration of the Bratislava University of Economics and Management, Slovak Republic Department of Accounting and Business consulting Simon Kuznets Kharkiv national University of Economics, Ukraine
Yermachenko Volodymyr
Phd in Economics, Professor, Postdoctorant
Institute of Public Administration of the Bratislava University of Economics and Management, Slovak Republic Department of Tourism
Simon Kuznets Kharkiv national University of Economics, Ukraine
According to the results of research by the Institute of Demography and Social Research named after Birds of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine [1 ], in almost two years of aggression by the russian federation, approximately 6 million people left Ukraine. They are mostly young women, mostly (about 70%) with higher education. In addition, approximately 4 million Ukrainians found themselves in the territory temporarily not controlled by Ukraine. In this situation, it is quite obvious that the number of the most able-bodied population has decreased radically. This actually led to structural economic changes and was reflected in the transformation of economic activities, business relocation, etc. [2].
Among the factors that could reduce the negative impact of the specified losses on the economy of Ukraine in the modern and post-war period, special attention should be paid to the issue of labor migration.
An extremely negative demographic trend in Ukraine today is the outflow of intellectual capital abroad. Forced labor migration took place, especially from the regions with the most active hostilities. The vast majority of migrants are young and middle-aged citizens, that is, the most able-bodied and economically active population. economic business demographic
Such an outflow is particularly evident in the service sector and innovative sectors of the economy. Young specialists are forced to work in foreign companies, as there is currently insufficient demand for science-intensive professions among national enterprises.
Another problem facing Ukraine is interregional labor migration, displacement of the able-bodied population and relocation of businesses from the most dangerous regions of the east and south of Ukraine, table 1.
Fig. 1 Dynamics of recruitment of Trainees and Junior Specialists, people in Ukrainian IT companies formed by the authors based on source [3]
Table 1
Relocation of business in Ukraine as of 10/27/23,[4]
|
Region |
Business relocation, number of enterprises |
Region |
Business relocation, number of enterprises |
|||
|
output |
input |
output |
input |
|||
|
1. Vinnytsia |
80 |
142 |
14. Odesa |
592 |
763 |
|
|
2. Volyn |
103 |
197 |
15. Poltava |
204 |
149 |
|
|
3. Dnipropetrovsk |
896 |
710 |
16. Rivne |
155 |
203 |
|
|
4. Donetsk |
642 |
49 |
17. Sumy |
450 |
818 |
|
|
5. Zhytomyr |
155 |
203 |
18. Ternopil |
80 |
113 |
|
|
6. Zakarpattia |
89 |
231 |
19. Kharkiv |
450 |
818 |
|
|
7. Zaporizhzhia |
368 |
136 |
20. Kherson |
107 |
36 |
|
|
8. Ivano-Frankivsk |
68 |
172 |
21. Khmelnytskyi |
55 |
97 |
|
|
9. Kyiv, Kyiv obl. |
2110/385 |
1753/488 |
22. Cherkasy |
104 |
119 |
|
|
10. Kirovohrad |
167 |
145 |
23. Chernivtsi |
34 |
121 |
|
|
11.Luhansk |
137 |
3 |
24. Chernihiv |
46 |
131 |
|
|
12. Lviv |
339 |
652 |
25. Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city Sevastopol |
Information is absent |
Informa tion is absent |
|
|
13. Mykolaiv |
404 |
249 |
This leads to the threat of creating depressed regions in the future, which will require budget subsidies. In order to present such a situation at the state level, a well-founded strategy for attracting foreign investments must be developed to restore and revitalize the business environment in these regions.
In Ukraine, at this time, the issue of choosing the optimal strategy of behavior towards labor agents has become more acute in the conditions of military challenges on the one hand, and potential opportunities of the global market on the other. The strategy should be built on the basis of the use of national social potential and intellectual capital, which, in turn, will help solve the problem of supporting the depressed (most aff cted by aggression) eastern and southern regions of Ukraine.
The goal of domestic state policy should be to solve the problem of supporting the depressed (the most aff cted by aggression) eastern and southern regions of Ukraine, overcoming the demographic crisis caused by forced external and internal labor migration provoked by the war.
The practical implementation of this policy should provide for the development of an Action Plan for the return of young people and highly qualifi d middle-aged specialists thanks to financial support of the most eff ctive sectors and branches of the economy, which in a short time (compared to other branches) will allow to accumulate intellectual potential and use free resources, which in the first place should be directed to the rapid recovery of the economy of depressed regions.
This approach is fully consistent with the provisions set forth in the documents on the implementation of the UN Millennium Goals in Ukraine [5] and the National Economic Strategy for the period until 2030 [6].
References
1. Про демографічну ситуацію в Україні Круглий стіл в "Візія-2033" published on the media platform Ukrinform", https://www.nas.gov.ua/UA/Messages/Pages/View.aspx?MessageID=10547
2. LIBANOVA Ella. How the labor market changed during the war: present and prospects/ mirror of the week/19 жовтня, 2023/ https://zn.ua/ukr/ECONOMICS/jak-zminivsja-rinok- pratsi-u-vojenny-chas-sohodennja-ta-perspektivi.html
3. Dynamics of recruitment of Trainees and Junior Specialists in IT companies/ https://www.forbes.com/entrepreneurs/
4. Опендатабот. Відкриваємо Україну. https://opendatabot.ua/. Дата звернення 27.10.2023
5. Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Resolution of the UN General Assembly https://sdgs.un.org/2030agenda
6. On the approval of the National Economic Strategy for the period until 2030. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 179 dated 03.03.2021. https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npasearch
Размещено на Allbest.ru
...Подобные документы
The major structural elements of economic safety of a national economy branches. The structural analysis of economic activity. Share of wages in ВВП, of productivity of Russia and western countries. The essence of the economic taxes and their purpose.
статья [166,3 K], добавлен 12.04.2012Priority for the importance of Economy of Ukraine. Sources, functions, structure of income Household as a politico-economic category. Family income - the economic basis of reproduction. Levels of income of the population. The structure of family income.
реферат [22,5 K], добавлен 28.10.2011Prospects for reformation of economic and legal mechanisms of subsoil use in Ukraine. Application of cyclically oriented forecasting: modern approaches to business management. Preconditions and perspectives of Ukrainian energy market development.
статья [770,0 K], добавлен 26.05.2015Principles of foreign economic activity. Concepts and theories of international trade. Regulation of foreign trade. Evaluation of export potential. Export, import flows of commodities, of services. Main problems and strategy of foreign trade of Ukraine.
курсовая работа [603,8 K], добавлен 07.04.2011Directions of activity of enterprise. The organizational structure of the management. Valuation of fixed and current assets. Analysis of the structure of costs and business income. Proposals to improve the financial and economic situation of the company.
курсовая работа [1,3 M], добавлен 29.10.2014The influence of corruption on Ukrainian economy. Negative effects of corruption. The common trends and consequences of increasing corruption. Crimes of organized groups and criminal organizations. Statistical data of crime in some regions of Ukraine.
статья [26,7 K], добавлен 04.01.2014Negative consequences proceeding in real sector of economy. Social stratification in a society. Estimation of efficiency of economic safety. The parity of the manufacturers of commodity production. Main problems of the size of pension of common people.
статья [15,4 K], добавлен 12.04.2012The definition of term "economic security of enterprise" and characteristic of it functional components: technical and technological, intellectual and human resources component, information, financial, environmental, political and legal component.
презентация [511,3 K], добавлен 09.03.2014Analysis of the causes of the disintegration of Ukraine and Russia and the Association of Ukraine with the European Union. Reducing trade barriers, reform and the involvement of Ukraine in the international network by attracting foreign investment.
статья [35,7 K], добавлен 19.09.2017A variety of economy of Kazakhstan, introduction of the international technical, financial, business standards, the introduction to the WTO. The measures planned in the new Tax code. Corporation surtax. Surtax reform. Economic growth and development.
реферат [27,2 K], добавлен 26.02.2012Defining the role of developed countries in the world economy and their impact in the political, economic, technical, scientific and cultural spheres.The level and quality of life. Industrialised countries: the distinctive features and way of development.
курсовая работа [455,2 K], добавлен 27.05.2015Рrogress in adapting its economy from the Soviet model to a 21st century economy in the globalized market. Pension reforms, undertaken in 2011. Cancellation of grain export quotas and reversal of a proposal for the monopolisation of grain exports.
презентация [476,2 K], добавлен 08.04.2015Entrepreneurial risk: the origins and essence. The classification of business risk. Economic characteristic of entrepreneurial risks an example of joint-stock company "Kazakhtelecom". The basic ways of the risks reduction. Methods for reducing the risks.
курсовая работа [374,8 K], добавлен 07.05.2013The influence of the movement of refugees to the economic development of host countries. A description of the differences between forced and voluntary migration from the point of view of economic, political consequences. Supply in the labor markets.
статья [26,6 K], добавлен 19.09.2017The stock market and economic growth: theoretical and analytical questions. Analysis of the mechanism of the financial market on the efficient allocation of resources in the economy and to define the specific role of stock market prices in the process.
дипломная работа [5,3 M], добавлен 07.07.2013Concept of competitiveness and competition, models. Russia’s endowment. Engendered structural dominance and performance. The state of Russian competitiveness according to the Global Competitiveness Index. Place in the world, main growth in detail.
курсовая работа [1,2 M], добавлен 28.05.2014Early Life. Glasgow. The Theory of Moral Sentiments. Travels on the Continent. The Wealth of Nations. Society and "the invisible hand". Economic growth. After two centuries, Adam Smith remains a towering figure in the history of economic thought.
реферат [29,5 K], добавлен 08.04.2006The essence of agrarian relations: economic structure and specificity. The land rent, land price as a capitalized rent. History of the formation of agricultural sector of Ukraine, its reforms. Assessment of the investment attractiveness of AIC of Ukraine.
курсовая работа [1,1 M], добавлен 04.01.2016State intervention in the economy. Assessment and the role of teaching Veblen. Economic development of the society. Process of long-term loan and the inclusion of investor-banker in industrial production. Negative aspects of American institucionalism.
реферат [27,4 K], добавлен 14.11.2012Economic entity, the conditions of formation and functioning of the labor market as a system of social relations, the hiring and use of workers in the field of social production. Study of employment and unemployment in the labor market in Ukraine.
реферат [20,3 K], добавлен 09.05.2011
