Self-organisation in lifelong learning: theory, practice and implementation experience involving social networks and a remote format

In addition to Facebook, there are some other electronic resources. The Moodle platform is used in the USA, Europe and Latin America. This platform hosts materials for various courses. This is a learning environment that allows users to create sites for online learning in different fields. This web application is very popular and used in remote learning. Moodle can be downloaded to any mobile device and used in learning. This web application allows users to take training courses, view their performance and activity in these courses and also communicate with other users.

The Coursera platform is a mass online education project with which universities from the USA, Latin America, China, India and European countries collaborate. Registered users can complete courses in specific disciplines or receive higher education in a distance format. Upon completion, in the case of successful learning, students receive certificates or diplomas. There are web forums created for participants in the courses, where joint learning and discussion of assignments is possible, but it is not allowed to copy and upload answers to assignments, while there are assignments that require anonymous mutual checks of students' answers. Some courses on this platform are recommended for end-of-term tests in universities. The learning process is organised in such a way that students can independently plan their time and choose a convenient schedule for listening to video materials and completing tasks, but within a specified period, i.e. tasks must be completed in a certain period; however, within this period, students independently organise their activities. Students who independently regulate the learning process should have a clear idea of their goals, study and control the learning environment.

In Russia, remote learning involves the Stepik platform, which in its structure is similar to Coursera. On this platform, registered users can choose free and fee-based training courses in various fields. Teachers are encouraged to create courses that can be used in remote learning. There are open courses where anyone can register on a free or paid basis and private courses where one can sign up after receiving an invitation from the teacher. To create a course, authors are provided with a free video studio in Saint Petersburg. For educational institutions, special profiles can be created. Taking a course does not have default date restrictions, but the course creator can adjust the opening dates of the modules so that they open gradually. Deadlines for students can also be customised. Upon successful completion of learning, students receive certificates. Education at Stepik is free and convenient. Students themselves can come at any time, listen to lectures, read materials and complete assignments, receiving a certain number of points for correct answers. They can ask questions to the teacher. The courses provide forums for students to communicate with one other and with the teacher. The teacher has the opportunity to offer students assignments for mutual checks and mutual control. Although today this platform may be used not so actively as similar foreign platforms for higher education, it has good prospects in the field of remote education as well as an auxiliary tool in full-time education.

Thus, self-education, involving the use of advanced technologies and a remote format, requires that students intensify their independent activities and develop the ability to manage time and self-organisation skills.

Conclusion

Self-organisation is a kind of `life philosophy', which refers to the `philosophy of learning' and a personality trait that contributes to the effectiveness of learning. The success of the self-organisation process in higher education depends on a number of factors: volitional efforts and personal responsibility of students; the ability to work independently during learning; personality-centred learning; stable students' attitudes towards learning; the social significance of learning for students; and the ability to use advanced technologies based on digital learning methods and use of Internet resources. Of course, self-directed learning can never completely replace formal learning and become the ultimate goal of the educational process, but it can be an important part of education, affecting the formation of Homo educatus. Self-organisation opens up prospects for continuous lifelong learning.

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