National traditions in spiritual development future teachers

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National traditions in spiritual development future teachers

Maria Klepar,

Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences,

Professor of the Department of Pedagogy of Primary Education,

VasylStefanykPrecarpathian National University (Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine)

Національні народнопісенні традиції у розвитку духовності майбутніх учителів

Марія Клепар,

доктор педагогічних наук,

професор кафедри педагогіки початкової освіти,

Прикарапатський національний університет імені Василя Стефаника (м. Івано-Франківськ, Україна)

Анотація

У статті проаналізовано роль національних традицій у духовному розвитку майбутніх учителів. Особливу увагу сфокусовано на проблемах початкової школи. Оскільки, на думку вчених, саме в молодшому шкільному віці формується світоглядна позиція особистості, зокрема її національна самосвідомість.

Виховання різнобічно та гармонійно розвинутої особистості молодшого школяра за умов нової української школи є одним із найважливіших завдань на сучасному етапі розвитку суспільства, у якому збагачення духовного світу дитини передбачає формування творчого потенціалу та внутрішньої культури, забезпечення духовної єдності поколінь. Виховання маленьких громадян повинно бути спрямовано насамперед на розвиток їхніх гуманістичних почуттів, формування національних і загальнолюдських цінностей. Тому відродження народної пісенної культури набуває великого значення у справі виховання учнів нової української школи. education ukrainian folk written creativity

У процесі теоретичного аналізу визначено виховні можливості української народнопісенної творчості. Обґрунтовано необхідність акцентувати увагу молодших школярів на ідейно-дидактичному характері народної пісні, адже пісенний фольклор є полісистемним засобом формування особистості, оскільки водночас впливає на духовно-інтелектуальну, емоційну й інші сфери людини, морально та психологічно налаштовує її до праці, а вдале теоретико-методичне використання етнопедагогічних засобів забезпечує естетичний розвиток учнів, високу культуру сприймання різних видів мистецтва.

Зроблено висновок, що знання про духовні досягнення, здобуті молодими школярами під час навчання, повинні стимулювати активне ставлення молодого українця до вивчення конкретних за своєю природою, справді точних історичних духовних надбань свого народу, корінням яких є фольклор (народна творчість) та збереження у будь-яких проявах на місцевому рівні.

Ключові слова: освіта, національні традиції, духовність, духовний розвиток, етнопедагогіка.

Abstract. It was concluded that knowledge concerning spiritual achievements gained by young people during their studies should make stimulant active treatment of young Ukrainian to study specific in nature, truly accurate historical spiritual heritage of his people, rooted in folklore (folk art) and saved in any manifestation at the local level.

The article analyzes the role of national traditions in the spiritual development of future teachers. The specific focus is placed on the problems of primary school. According to scientists, it is in the early school years that the worldview of the individual is formed, in particular the national identity.

The upbringing of a versatile and harmonic personality of a petty in the new age Ukrainian school is one of the most important tasks at the present stage of society; in which enrichment of the child's spiritual world involves the formation of creative potential and inner culture as well as spiritual unity of generations. The upbringing of young citizens should be aimed primarily at developing their humanistic feelings, the formation of national and universal values. Therefore, the revival of folk song culture has great importance in the education of students of the new age Ukrainian school.

The educational possibilities of Ukrainian folk songs were determined in the theoretical analysis. The necessity of directing the attention of the petty on the ideological and didactic nature of the folk song was described. That is important as the song folklore is a polysystemic means of personality formation, and it affects the spiritual, intellectual, emotional, and other spheres of a human being; morally and psychologically adjusts a person to work. The proper use of ethno -pedagogical tools ensures the esthetic development of students along with a high culture of perception of various arts. In conclusion, the knowledge of spiritual achievements gained by petty during their studies should stimulate an affirm attitude of them as young Ukrainians to study and research historical, spiritual heritage of their people, the roots of which are folklore (folk art) that is preserved in different manifestations at the local levels.

Keywords: education, national traditions, spirituality, spiritual development, ethnopedagogics.

INTRODUCTION

The problem formulation. The "National Strategy of Education of Ukraine for 2021" underlined the need to build an effective system of national education, to provide moral, spiritual and cultural development, create socially mature creative personality, a citizen of Ukraine and the world. The future should be holy revival and development of the nation, the state, science and culture, education and educational systems fruitful international cooperation, high spirituality and morality, individual freedom and scope of the creative forces of man.

Today unfolded extensive research work on ways to implement the content of the education laws of historical development, ethnic history and Ukrainian ethnogenesis. Gradually society was an understanding that modern knowledge is only possible through knowledge of national traditions, folk experience that the people who can be treated as a 'breeding ground', research and study which will lead to a spiritual understanding of the underlying sectors, which are cultural ideas about life and death, and his alien.

Requires a thorough analysis and study of the issue of interference and national unity, spiritual, national and universal, revealing their relationships and achievements in the implementation of national educational thought.

Analysis of recent research and publications. At various times of social traditions of education was close to many famous teachers. In particular, they are reflected in the pedagogical heritage Ya. Komenskoho, Y. Pestalotstsi. Teaching the theory of Ukrainian people deeply disclosed in pedagogical heritage G. Skovoroda, O. Dukhnovych, K. Ushynskoho. The fundamental importance for the study of problems of national spiritual culture has etnopedahohichna heritage educators, anthropologists, writers, T. Shevchenko, I. Franko, Lesia Ukrainka, Ju. Kotsiubynsky, O.Voropaya, M.Dragomanov, H.Vaschenka and others. Theoretical and practical contribution to the national pedagogical theory of our time is work and activities M.Volkova, M.Stelmahovycha, V. Sukhomlynsky and others. The basis of modern research problems of formation of professional competence of future teachers on the basis of spiritual and moral values is labor Natalya Kuzmina, M.Leschenko, V.Semychenko, V.Slastonina, V.Simonova, N.Talyzinoyi, R.Shakurova, O.Scherbakova etc.

The wording of Article purposes. Thus, the goal of the article put the definition of national traditions in the spiritual development of future teachers.

research methods

To achieve this goal, theoretical research methods were used, including analysis and synthesis research results on the research problem, generalization - to formulate conclusions, forecasting - to determine the prospects for further research.

RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH

An analysis of source literature in addressing the spiritual formation of children and young people is clearly evident weaknesses training future teachers to the activity in question. Therefore, future teachers should develop the ability to comprehend human, national, personal values, enrich and transmit to new generations of spiritual designs, material culture, among them a prominent place occupied by humanist values, national and spiritual priorities.

Spirituality - a category that reveals man as a creature that is deeply rooted in the culture is humane, moral, cognitive with wide interests. It does not exist outside the national consciousness. Spirituality - the concept of a synthetic, summarizing and comprehensive, it includes concepts such as spiritual culture, spiritual needs, spiritual interests, spiritual life, is in the richness of the inner world of a person of knowledge, developed intellectual and emotional demands.

In the philosophical literature indicates that "spirituality - a quality characteristic of consciousness that reflects the dominant type of values." Spirituality is also given to a child in final form, meaning it can only be enlightenment or simply remembering the ideological and moral standards, semantic orientations. Each student is gradually acquiring ideas, values, emotional and aesthetic heritage of the people he emotionally absorb certain components of spirituality, makes his attitude towards them, realizing in practice.

The spiritual essence of a young man appears in relation to reality, nature, art and all that is meaning of human existence. In the formation of human individuality, spiritual development of the younger generations special role played by art that appeals to the senses, awakens in the children's inherent nature of the individual human qualities, clearly conveys the emotional picture of human life, a sense of the true value of human passion.

The principles of spirituality in the training provides deep psychological and didactic content adaptation courses to study social and cultural space. Therefore, using folk treasures Education and its commandments, teachers, educators have to find various means to motivate, encourage youth to work, to arouse their curiosity, nurturing love and respect for the native language, as the element of nationalities living organism communication, basics of national expression of a single treasury spiritual values through the language because people generate national spirit, character, psychology, traditional family and consumer culture lifestyle.

In preparation for future professional dominant importance to folk art as the foundation and core of all ethnic culture in the spiritual formation of young people. This means, first of all weapons of the future teacher specific methodology and advanced learning technologies; focus its development on the formation necessary to present rice and desires that characterize it as a folk art researcher who over time with their pupils will study, analyze, promote and further and utilize the knowledge in real life.

According to scientists (Natalya Kuzmina, V.Slastonin), the special attention subjects of educational activity has become a spiritual and moral atmosphere that should contribute to the development of human in man. Such an atmosphere you nick in the process of cooperation, common life, business communication education, interpersonal relations. This requires mastery of future teachers personality-oriented technology (Praktykum z pedagogiky, 2004, p. 29). Cornerstone values, norms, ideals of social and cultural context are displayed in spiritual and moral world.

First, future teachers should acquire philosophical knowledge about the world, society, man; historical knowledge of the laws of the evolution of society, culture and science; culturological - the development of social systems and cultures; the values (religious, political, social); psychological - the attitudes, behavior; the pan: the cultural and historical uniqueness of national and world history; knowledge of the native language and culture of the people and other peoples etc. Means to achieve spiritual and moral goals: domestic humanitarian culture; value-dominant orientation, cultural, symbolic archive of people, traditions, morality, art, religion, spiritual picture of the people, traditions, national philosophy of education; university educational environment that promotes disclosure of the essential powers of man, personal development; spiritual, moral, ethical ideals under which the future teacher identifies; information and communication technologies.

Thus, reviving the spirituality of the individual teacher on the basis of national traditions should primarily revive national values and shrines. Thanks to the work of the students advanced ancient samples of this genre can achieve outstanding results in terms of spirituality, especially in shaping self involvement in the creation and existence of ethnic culture.

An important condition of the students are processing existing song and ritual samples of local folklore, which to some extent affects his living playing either does not intervene in the ancient text and melody, fully maintaining its fundamental principle, which is the most correct and most necessary in work or carefully and wise exposing the material available modern transcription without disrupting regional folk component.

Important in the formation of future teachers of spirituality is religion. Note that most residents of Western Ukraine belongsto one of the major Christian denominations, allowing us to expand characterized festive time space, which applies to large events such as Christmas. To a lesser extent than older people, who are the main carriers of the Christmas song and ritual traditions, young inherent respect for the Nativity, but, while they are not as responsible as senior practice its ancient system of certain restrictions, which are based on traditional beliefs, violation of which can lead to "God's punishment". Not always the youth has knowledge that the tradition of Christmas is a reflection of a particular, specific system of spiritual and moral values which, as an important mechanism for regulating social relations, promotes outlook, the fundamental structures of morality and spiritual values especially to young people, ''characteristic feature outlook of our people as it is reflected in folk songs, is the high idealism on a religious basis. In the ideal human form primarily emphasizes high properties soul'' (Ivanyts'kyi, 2008, p. 120).

Preservation of old, traditional customs and rituals performed by genetically rooted in the goodness of human wisdom, lordship of hope provided by oral closely associated with this tradition and has practical significance. Oral presupposes acquiring knowledge through continuity, immediate informal contacts with live bearers, transformation occurs tradition 'word of mouth', often in rural areas, in urban transmission by using audio and video recordings of authentic required forms.

Today, at the beginning of. Like many centuries ago, in words and actions that folklore has long been engaged in agriculture, there is clarity 'agrarian magic' 'invocation, plowing, sowing, crop production and so on.

Rites of Agricultural Winter theme of the area with their rich melodiousness, according to scientists, can be attributed to the most archaic. They are a must have direct dialogue or inducement to it, that best reveals the ancient tiller and family issues.

Important in pressing in the community process are questions concerning the interpretation and evaluation of the young-old heritage of Ukrainian folk art (folklore), forming young people understand that phenomenon this phenomenon primarily has rightly seen as synonymous with ethnic identity and belonging to this ethnicity. An important condition for the spiritual development of future teachers are teaching to equip them with practical skills: Gnostic (comprehend the nature and structure of the spiritual - moral education, to analyze the psychological and pedagogical conditions of moral behavior, taking into account the age characteristics of students to study scientific literature on the problem of moral education students); projecting (formulate key goals and objectives of spiritual and moral education. based on theoretical concepts, achievements folk pedagogy, advanced teaching experience, to design the main areas, content, forms, means and methods of spiritual and moral education of students of all ages to model their own teaching activities of enrichment experience spiritual and moral behavior); design (implement goals, objectives by selecting appropriate contents of spiritual and moral education, provide significant at random facts of moral behavior, behavior of students to design a system of various forms, methods of spiritual and moral education model educating situation, aimed at the development of moral consciousness of students); communication (to establish appropriate relationships with students in the various forms of spiritual and moral education, build valuable relations of pupils to national traditions, ideals, learn humane means to resolve various educational situation); organizational (direct process of spiritual and moral education of students in educational work together with students to organize educational activities with the moral and ethical issues, to promote the desire of students to moral self-improvement, self-development, stimulate the accumulation of students' moral experience, values, teach students ways of regulating moral

behavior, taking into account the cognitive and social situation, organize their own educational activities to enrich the spiritual and moral experience, improve personal moral traits (Praktykum z pedagogiky, 2004, p. 351-352).

Based on the analysis of modern scientific approaches define pedagogical conditions of spiritual development of future teachers on the basis of national traditions (Gavrina, 2007; Grytsa, 2002; Praktykum z pedagogiky, 2004):

• humanistic orientation process of spiritual sphere future specialist;

• the implementation of individual creative professional training of students;

• the presence of a professional standard of the individual teacher university;

• experience of culture-spiritually directed activity;

• studying and mastering future teachers the best national and international experience associated with the introduction of new technologies;

• study and implementation of learning PNF courses ethnology character;

• introduction of advanced educational technology, modern means of education and upbringing of spiritual and moral.

CONCLUSIONS AND PROSPECTS OF FURTHER RESEARCH

The successful development of future teachers of spirituality based on national traditions should: enrich the educational process developed tasks of spiritual and moral content; organize research work in that direction; during pedagogical practice future teachers organize educational work with spiritual and moral. However, targeting teacher education students to master an integrated system of spiritual, moral and ethical knowledge, beliefs, feelings of moral consciousness, the formation of moral behavior in general, morally decent life and activity as an important precondition for professional and personal development teacher.

Prospects for - further research we see in conducting a wide range of scientific generalizations about mastering the basics of future teacher professional competence on the basis of spiritual and moral values.

REFERENCES

1. Gavrina, N. I. (2007). Kontseptsiitransformatsiietnichnoiidentychnosti v suchasnomususpil'stvi [Conceptions of theEthnical Identity's Transformation in the Modern Society]. Nova paradygma - New Paradigma, 65(2), 31-36.

2. Grytsa, S. (2002). V im'iazberezhenniafol'kloru [In the Name of Folklore Preservation]. Fol'klor u prostori ta chasi - Folklore in the Space and Time.

3. Ivanyts'kyi, A. (2008). Khrestomatiia z ukrains'kogomuzychnogofol'kloru (z poiasnenniamy ta komentariamy) [TheReading Book on the Ukrainian Musical Folklore (with Explanations and Commentaries): [navchal'nyiposibnykdliavyshchykhnavchal'nykhzakladivkul'turyimystetstv I-IV rivniaakredytatsii]. Vinnytsia : Nova knyga.

4. Praktykum z pedagogiky [Workshop on pedagogy]. (2004) / za red. O, A.Dubasenyuk.: navch. posibnyk. Vyd. 3-tye pop. ipererob. Kyiv: Centrnavch. lit.

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