ó㳺í³÷íà îö³íêà âïëèâó àá³îòè÷íèõ ôàêòîð³â íà ïðîäóêòèâí³ òà ³íòåð’ºðí³ ïîêàçíèêè ëàêòóþ÷èõ êîð³â

ó㳺í³÷íà îö³íêà óìîâ óòðèìàííÿ ëàêòóþ÷èõ êîð³â. Àíàë³ç âïëèâó ãóìàòó íàòð³þ ³ áåâ³ëàòó íà ¿õ ìîëî÷íó ïðîäóêòèâí³ñòü òà ðåçèñòåíòí³ñòü. Âèçíà÷åííÿ ïðîäóêòèâíèõ ÿêîñòåé é ïîêàçíèê³â ïðèðîäíî¿ ðåçèñòåíòíîñò³ ëàêòóþ÷èõ êîð³â çà 䳿 àá³îòè÷íèõ ôàêòîð³â.

Ðóáðèêà Ñåëüñêîå, ëåñíîå õîçÿéñòâî è çåìëåïîëüçîâàíèå
Âèä àâòîðåôåðàò
ßçûê óêðàèíñêèé
Äàòà äîáàâëåíèÿ 14.07.2015
Ðàçìåð ôàéëà 53,2 K

Îòïðàâèòü ñâîþ õîðîøóþ ðàáîòó â áàçó çíàíèé ïðîñòî. Èñïîëüçóéòå ôîðìó, ðàñïîëîæåííóþ íèæå

Ñòóäåíòû, àñïèðàíòû, ìîëîäûå ó÷åíûå, èñïîëüçóþùèå áàçó çíàíèé â ñâîåé ó÷åáå è ðàáîòå, áóäóò âàì î÷åíü áëàãîäàðíû.

Ùåïåòèëüíèêîâ Þ.À. Ãèãèåíè÷åñêàÿ îöåíêà âëèÿíèÿ àáèîòè÷åñêèõ ôàêòîðîâ íà ïðîäóêòèâíûå è èíòåðüåðíûå ïîêàçàòåëè ëàêòèðóþùèõ êîðîâ. - Ðóêîïèñü.

Äèññåðòàöèÿ íà ñîèñêàíèå ó÷åíîé ñòåïåíè êàíäèäàòà ñåëüñêîõîçÿéñòâåííûõ íàóê ïî ñïåöèàëüíîñòè 16.00.06 - ãèãèåíà æèâîòíûõ è âåòåðèíàðíàÿ ñàíèòàðèÿ. Õàðüêîâñêàÿ ãîñóäàðñòâåííàÿ çîîâåòåðèíàðíàÿ àêàäåìèÿ. Õàðüêîâ, 2010.

 äèññåðòàöèè ïðåäñòàâëåíû ðåçóëüòàòû èññëåäîâàíèé âëèÿíèÿ àáèîòè÷åñêèõ ôàêòîðîâ (òåìïåðàòóðû, âëàæíîñòè, ñêîðîñòè äâèæåíèÿ, áàêòåðèàëüíîé çàãðÿçíåííîñòè âîçäóõà, ñïîñîáîâ ñîäåðæàíèÿ, îáîãàùåíèÿ ðàöèîíîâ êîðîâ ôèòîäîáàâêàìè) íà ìîëî÷íóþ ïðîäóêòèâíîñòü (ñóòî÷íûé è âàëîâîé íàäîè ìîëîêà, ìàññîâóþ äîëþ æèðà (ÌÄÆ), ìàññîâóþ äîëþ áåëêà (ÌÄÁ), ãèíåêîëîãè÷åñêèé ñòàòóñ êîðîâ ïîñëå îòåëà, à òàêæå ïîêàçàòåëè åñòåñòâåííîé ðåçèñòåíòíîñòè îðãàíèçìà: ôàãîöèòàðíóþ àêòèâíîñòü íåéòðîôèëîâ, ôàãîöèòàðíûé èíäåêñ, áàêòåðèöèäíóþ è ëèçîöèìíóþ àêòèâíîñòü ñûâîðîòêè êðîâè, ãåìîöèòîïîåç è áåëêîâûé ñîñòàâ ñûâîðîòêè êðîâè. Èçó÷åíû îñîáåííîñòè ôîðìèðîâàíèÿ ìèêðîêëèìàòà, áàêòåðèàëüíîé êîíòàìèíàöèè âîçäóõà â ïîìåùåíèÿõ äëÿ êîðîâ ïðè ïðèâÿçíîì è áåñïðèâÿçíîì ñîäåðæàíèè â ðàçíûå ñåçîíû ãîäà. Áûëè ó÷òåíû ýëåìåíòû ýòîëîãèè è àäàïòàöèîííûå îñîáåííîñòè æèâîòíûõ, ñîäåðæàùèõñÿ â «ìèêðîñòàäå» (20-25 ãîëîâ) è â «ñòàäå» - ñåêöèè ÷èñëåííîñòüþ 45-50 ãîëîâ.

Èññëåäîâàíèÿ ïîêàçàëè, ÷òî äîáàâëåíèå ê ðàöèîíó êîðîâ, êîòîðûå ñîäåðæàëèñü â óñëîâèÿõ ãðàíè÷íî äîïóñòèìîãî ãèãèåíè÷åñêîãî ðåæèìà, ãóìàòà íàòðèÿ â äîçå 10 è 15 ìã/êã æèâîé ìàññû àêòèâèçèðîâàëî ýðèòðîöèòîïîåç: ïîâûñèëîñü ñîäåðæàíèå ãåìîãëîáèíà íà 1,0-6,3%; êîëè÷åñòâî ýðèòðîöèòîâ âîçðîñëî íà 1,2-5,4%; ÔÀÍ - 0,9-21,1%, ËÀÑÊ - 0,2-18,3%, ÁÀÑÊ - íà 8,6-8,8%, ñîäåðæàíèå ã-ãëîáóëèíîâ - íà 0,04-11,0%. Äîñòîâåðíûõ îòëè÷èé ïî óêàçàííûì ïîêàçàòåëÿì ìåæäó ðàçëè÷íûìè äîçàìè ãóìàòà íàòðèÿ íå óñòàíîâëåíî.

Ó ëàêòèðóþùèõ êîðîâ, â ðàöèîí êîòîðûõ ââîäèëè äîáàâêó áåâèëàò â äîçå 0,2-0,3 êã/ãîë., íàäîè óâåëè÷èëèñü íà 15,8-16,9%, ÌÄÆ - íà 21,1-25,3%, ÌÄÁ - íà 17,6-20,4%; ïîâûñèëèñü ãóìîðàëüíûå è êëåòî÷íûå ïîêàçàòåëè åñòåñòâåííîé ðåçèñòåíòíîñòè, ñîêðàòèëèñü ñðîêè îòäåëåíèÿ ïîñëåäà íà 5-5,4 ÷àñîâ, ñåðâèñ-ïåðèîäà - íà 22,4-27,2 äíÿ, ïîâûñèëñÿ èíäåêñ îñåìåíåíèÿ íà 1-1,2. Ïîä âëèÿíèåì ôèòîäîáàâêè óëó÷øèëñÿ áåëêîâûé ñïåêòð ñûâîðîòêè êðîâè: ïîâûñèëîñü ñîäåðæàíèå îáùåãî áåëêà íà 1,1-5,1%, ñîäåðæàíèå ã-ãëîáóëèíîâ - íà 23,4-27,9%, ñîîòâåòñòâåííî.

Èçó÷åíî âëèÿíèå áåñïðèâÿçíîãî ñïîñîáà ñîäåðæàíèÿ ëàêòèðóþùèõ êîðîâ â «ìèêðîñòàäå» (20-25 ãîëîâ) è «ñòàäå» ÷èñëåííîñòüþ 45-50 ãîëîâ, â ñðàâíåíèå ñ ïðèâÿçíûìè. Óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî ó êîðîâ, ñîäåðæàùèõñÿ â «ìèêðîñòàäå» íàäîè ìîëîêà âûøå íà 14,9%, áîëüøå ÌÄÆ - íà 18,8%, ÌÄÁ - íà 24,5%.  ñðàâíåíèè ñ ïðèâÿçíûì ñïîñîáîì ñîäåðæàíèÿ, ó æèâîòíûõ «ìèêðîñòàäà» è «ñòàäà» áûëè âûøå: ÁÀÑÊ - íà 1,7-16,2%, ËÀÑÊ - íà 3,4-33,8%, ÔÀÍ - íà 0,8-18,0%, ñîäåðæàíèå ã-ãëîáóëèíîâ - íà 1,3-12,9%, Ò- è Â-ëèìôîöèòîâ - íà 5,2-15,4% è 2,1-28,6%, ñîîòâåòñòâåííî. Ïðè ñîäåðæàíèè êîðîâ â ñåêöèÿõ ïî 20-25 ãîëîâ, ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñ ãðóïïàìè ïî 45-50, ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòü ôîðìèðîâàíèÿ ãðóïïû ïîñëå âûâîäà èç ðîäèëüíîãî îòäåëåíèÿ íå ïðåâûøàåò 4-5 äíåé. Æèâîòíûå àäàïòèðóþòñÿ â òå÷åíèå 2-3 äíåé, à ÷àñòîòà è îñòðîòà ñòîëêíîâåíèé îñîáåé îäíà ñ äðóãîé ðàâíà íóëþ, ïîñêîëüêó áûñòðåå ôîðìèðóþòñÿ ñòàäíûå èíñòèíêòû, ÷òî äåëàåò èõ óñòóï÷èâûìè è óïðàâëÿåìûìè â òåõíîëîãè÷åñêèõ ïðîöåññàõ.

Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: àáèîòè÷åñêèå ôàêòîðû, óäîé ìîëîêà, ëàêòèðóþùèå êîðîâû, ìèêðîêëèìàò, ðåçèñòåíòíîñòü, èíòåðüåðíûå ïîêàçàòåëè, ñïîñîáû ñîäåðæàíèÿ.

Shchepetilnikov Yu.O. Hygiene estimation of abiotic agents influence on productive and interior indices of lactative cows. - Manuscript.

The thesis is for maintaining the degree of candidate of agricultural science on specialization 16.00.06 - Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Sanitation . Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academi. Kharkiv, 2010.

Influence of abiotic agents (microclimate, sanitary regime, bacterial contamination, keeping conditions, phytosupplements of humate sodium and bevilat) to lactative cows' ration for their productivity, morphologic and biochemic blood indices, humoral and cellular protection of natural resistance in animal organisms have been studied in the thesis.

In stall housing condition of cows their diet with different supplements e. g. humate sodium in dose 10 mg/kg body weight conduced to increase ã-globulin in the blood serum to 16,8 %, BPHR to 4,9- 8,8%, PASB to 3%, LASB to 8,6- 8,8%, rose the hematopoiesis activization, improved the gynecological condition after calving.

Stimulation of milk productivity and cows interior indices influenced the daily feeding with bevilat supplement in dose 0,2-0,3kg that conduced yield increase to 15,8-16,9%, humoral and cellular indices of natural resistance, decreased the terms of secundines separation for 5-5,4 hours, increased service period - for 22,4-27,2 days and insemination index for 1-1,2 have been noticed.

Lactative cows keeping in micro-stock (20-25 heads) in comparison with the amount in section (45-50 heads) conduced their fast adaptation in technological group to the overfalls of low temperatures, high dampness, enforced the immune status of T and B-lymphocytes, antibacterial serum activity and milk productivity have been investigated.

Key words: abiotic agents, milk yield, laktative cows, mikro-climate, resistance, interior indices, keeping conditions.

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