The recognition of basic non-astronauts needs during commercial space flights

A description of the Figure 3:

• Quantitative order: The figure lists the various party elements involved in the order of their appearance in the exchange.

• Party elements: There are different parties involved, including Clients (C), Space Tourism (ST), Intellectual Property Market of Space Tourism (IPM ST), Intellectual Property Law (IPL), and the Universal Body of Universe's Solution (UBUS).

• Status: This outline answers whether the party element is congenital (inherent) or acquired (gained over time).

• Goods: This column indicates the goods or services exchanged between the parties.

• Direct contact: This stage is about whether the relations occurred through direct communication or interaction between the party elements.

• Non-direct contact: This category shows whether the interaction emerged without direct communication or interaction between the party elements.

* Law of offer and acceptance: This differentiation confirms whether the law of offer spreads and whether the party element accepts it.

The research emphasizes the importance of the various elements involved in the circle of space tourism, including clients, intellectual property law, space tourism activities, the intellectual property market, and international legal mechanisms such as UBUS. Consequently, Figure 2 illustrates the exchange interaction of the elements involved in the Contacting Parties. This exchange can be seen more detail by examining the informative data in Figure 3 representing the interaction process between discussed elements that drive progress and development in space tourism. Exchanges between these elements are crucial for this process to occur and result in progress and development.

Logical statements of the proposal:

1) The circle is a living mechanism. Elements are driving power.

2) The process is the interaction.

3) Cyclization is the motor of action.

4) Party elements exchanges are development/progress.

Hence, presented in the research article three figures contribute to understanding these relationships and their content implications for the future service package of ESE trips. By recognizing the role of features and facilitating exchanges between them, progress in law will drive commercial space flights achievable, causing essential satisfaction for space tourists.

2.2.2. Proposal on the Territory of Weightless

The inclination for exploration and challenging frontiers can have broad positive effects [11, 140]. One consequence of forging a path into unknown territory is that it is no longer a frontier and a door is potentially opened for others to follow [ibid.]. A process can begin of opportunity-seeking and economic expansion made possible in part by that first daring explorer [ibid.]. This process in need for recognition and can be defined as soon as there is clear understanding of the exploration territory or boundaries. Due to that point of view, the research expresses space and its infrastructure (such as launch sites and vehicles) as a unified territory governed by a uniform law and body acknowledging the challenges of navigating national and territorial legal frameworks. Concerning Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 in this research work, the authors categorize international law into two distinct categories: the Law of the Earth territory (Category #1) and the Law of a Weightless territory (Category #2).

Category #1 refers to all currently available laws that 1) do not pertain to weightlessness in Space and 2) view Outer Space as a weightless territory, forming successive differentiation. Category #2 encompasses the subject matter of the weightless territory of the dispute, which involves two intellectual property law scenarios. Thus, Category #2 pertains to intellectual property law related to weightless territory, which includes the following subjects:

A. Intellectual property law of terrestrial inventions functionally terminated in Space.

B. Intellectual property law of the weightless territory, which includes five statuses (stages):

1) Intellectual property created entirely in Space. It indicates intellectual property initiated, developed, continued, and completed in Space.

2) Intellectual property started on Earth but further took steps to be done in Space. It signifies that intellectual property was initiated on Earth but developed, continued, and completed in Space.

3) Intellectual property was initiated on Earth but developed and continued in Space, with further completion on Earth.

4) Intellectual property initiated on Earth developed and continued in Space but completed on Earth.

5) Intellectual property initiated and developed in Space but continued and completed on Earth.

CONCLUSIONS

1. International law interacts with space tourism through dialectical interaction of basic human needs via self-actualization, a satisfaction of human needs practically via intellectual property law, and satisfaction of human needs legally via law. Human needs such as self-actualization can be met by allowing individuals to engage in space tourism. Intellectual property law shall be applicable to protect the intellectual property of space tourism companies, ensuring that they can continue offering space tourism experiences to meet non-astronauts' basic needs. It is recommended to implement human rights, freedoms, and interests in the relevant presentation of international law on space tourism issues through recognition of basic needs of space tourist. This means that international law should incorporate needs in recognised rights, freedoms, and interests of humans who engage in space tourism.

2. The law of economics on offer and acceptance is a positive indicator to satisfy basic human needs during commercial space flights. It is achievable through circular of interacting processes that form a living mechanism consisting of driving elements. Consequently, intellectual property becomes legal, so intellectual property law applies. This means that the law of economics on offer and acceptance can be used to ensure that the goods and services, offered in space tourism, meet the basic needs of flights participants during a journey. Intellectual property law can also protect these goods and services and ensure they are legally available to those needing them through a) a circular of interacting processes that 'form'; b) a living mechanism that 'consists of'; c) driving elements, among which the intellectual property law is one of those elements, that 'have'; and where d) goods becoming offered and accepted, in 'consequence of that.' It is also based on the concept of sustainable development of the researched space activity to ensure that the essentials of humans who engage in space tourism are met sustainably. This can guarantee the long-term viability of commercial space activities. At the same time, lawmakers should consider the legal implications through the weightlessness factor involving the development of regulations that apply specifically in a weightless environment.

3. Finally, this study highlights a new theoretical approach to international and intellectual property laws. It thereby updates it according to economic tech innovations, such as the space tourism industry. The research proposes a new approach that weighs the essentials of non-astronauts engaged with commercial space flights. Future research could explore the implications of findings in the presented article for other areas of law or industries that rely on them. Studies could use the same experimental setup to explore further the interaction of international law, intellectual property, and the needs of potential space participants. Therefore, more research on the presented topic is recommended, and studies using the same experimental setup are apparent.

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