The history of bricks
Bricks - one of the oldest known building materials. Covering masonry plaster in the Renaissance period. Using of dried mud bricks in the Egypt. Studying of the current equipment used to manufacture bricks. Consideration of the types of masonry plaster.
| Рубрика | Строительство и архитектура |
| Вид | доклад |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 15.03.2015 |
| Размер файла | 13,2 K |
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1. The history of bricks
Bricks are one of the oldest known building materials. They were first found in southern Turkey. The first bricks were sun dried mud bricks. Fired bricks were found to be more resistant to harsher weather conditions, which made them a much more reliable brick for use in permanent buildings. Fired brick were also useful for absorbing any heat generated throughout the day.
The Ancient Egyptians also used sun dried mud bricks as building materials. The Romans further distinguished those which had been dried by the sun and air and those bricks which were burnt in a kiln. The Romans held on to their bricks for 2 years before they were used or sold. They used clay which was whitish or red for their bricks. Using mobile kilns, the Romans were successful in introducing kiln fired bricks to the whole of the Roman Empire. These bricks differed from other ancient bricks in size and shape. Roman bricks were more commonly round, square, oblong, triangular or rectangular.
The Greeks also considered perpendicular brick walls and used them for public edifices. brick manufacture masonry plaster
During the 12th century bricks were reintroduced to northern Germany from northern Italy. This created the brick gothic period which was a reduced style of Gothic architecture. The buildings around this time were mainly built from fired red clay bricks. Bricks Gothic style buildings can be found in Denmark, Poland, Germany, Finland, Belarus and Russia. The brick gothic period can be characterized by the lack of figural architectural sculptures. The Gothic figures were impossible to create out of bulky bricks at that time.
During the Renaissance and Baroque period, exposed brick walls became unpopular and brick work was generally covered by plaster. Only during the mid 18th century did visible brick walls again regain some popularity.
With modern machinery and powerful electric motor making brick has become much more productive and efficient. Bricks can be made from variety of materials: clay, also calcium silicate, concrete. Building bricks are a mixture of clay and sand which is mixed with water to create the correct consistency.
Now there is a set of types of bricks. Antique brick, he is used to give an old, more historic look to a building. Fire brick, he is used for heat-sensitive structures and fireplaces. Common brick is used for construction and is not colored or textured. Face brick that is textured and colored. Use this brick for the facing on a structure.
Undeniably brick is the most common building material, which for many centuries has proved its use excellent strength characteristics, fire resistance, etc.
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