The image of Russia in the buildings along Chinese Eastern Railway

Station Shelter in response to the railway, on the whole, most of the plane stations of the Middle East Railway are lined up parallel to the railway. This is also conducive to buffer and divert the passenger flow. These station buildings can be divided into two types in terms of planar form: the first type of station buildings has a strong central axis with a "mountain" shape, a large internal space and a flat layout, and its flat form reflects the public Architectural space strict and magnificent. In general, the largest main entrance to the station building is located in the very center of the building with a secondary entrance on both sides for staff and outbound passengers. Plane entrance to the waiting hall as a large space and traffic space on both sides of the organization of different functions of the auxiliary space; higher level of the station building there will be a number of large space waiting hall, usually in the form of interspersed auxiliary space Connect, so that the crowd to achieve the purpose of diversion, not only save space but also easy to use. For example, Harbin has a total area of about 1,620 square meters, with one, two and three waiting cabins side by side from the left and right, followed by passenger flow from the central entrance hall and the rightmost waiting room for Chinese use only. A few waiting hall around the layout of a variety of auxiliary space, a ticket office, luggage room attendant room, station room, police room, bathroom and canteen. [pic 3,4]

Pic 3. Harbin Railway Station plan

Pic 4. Dalian station plan

The second type of station buildings without clear central axis of the plane, the flat was "a" font, this type of flat generally used in a smaller station or station shelves and track line back Smaller station area. There is no clear center of its internal space, the general set of station staff to use space and passenger waiting space in one. This type of station usually has a small passenger flow, so the shape of the building is small. Designers, in the process of designing, design an ordinary building against the public buildings to make the body behave light and lively, and its spatial organization is also smooth and comfortable. The main entrance for the station staff and passengers at the same time, due to the smaller traffic, no greater waiting room, the plane organization combined with the station staff to use, so that station building diversified functions, some stations are still outside Set the gray space as a temporary waiting space, such as Anda Station, Angangxi Station.

Facade form. Middle East Railway Station building facade morphology types and diverse, in addition to Harbin Station Dalian Station and other large stations for the centralized custom design, most of the station buildings are modular design, using a unified design, simple and simple, mainly divided into symmetrical, Asymmetric and balanced type.

As the construction of the Middle East Railway Station was under the influence of the global neo-art boom at that time, architects made extensive use of the symbols of Art Nouveau in a considerable part of the design of station buildings. Especially in some high-level stand-up design, instead of the standard design drawings, but with a high level of architects to tailor them. The facade of Harbin Railway Station is a classical "horizontal three vertical five" composition method, but architects also made bold im-provements in the form of incomplete symmetry. Its facade is divided into three parts as a whole to highlight the entrance hall of the building as the main visual center of the en-tire building. The two secondary entrances are auxiliary visual centers. The main en-trance on both sides of the erected a tall column pier protruding above the daughter of the wall, but the stigma with a wealth of feet to decorate the originally larger column pier looks lively and rich, entrance eaves of the daughter wall form from both sides shrinks upwards into a water-like, graceful curve with a rich, curvilinear faceted decora-tive rectangular grid with small squares. Along the main entrance to the large steps, the lower part of the main entrance is two large-scale double-doors, the door decorated with curved purlins, fully reflects the architectural features of Art Nouveau; Body with a ring-shaped foot to be decorated; above the door is a window with a natural curve, above the irregular straight stripes, both to highlight the main entrance of the space per-sonality, but also the interior has sufficient light. Compared to the magnificent main en-trance, the design of the two sub-entrance is relatively simple, but its decorative style and style consistent with the main entrance, with curves of the door and window face and cast iron curve decoration, and thick walls in stark contrast, the unique space at-mosphere of new art architecture is rendered, [pic 5]

Pic 5. Harbin Railway Station facade

In addition to the Harbin Railway Station, a part of the railway stations along the Middle East Railway have a strong central axis on the building facade, while the center axis is often decorated with mountain flowers that stand out from the main build-ing to form a visual center.

This part of the station building in accordance with the emphasis on the relationship between the traditional composition theory design, making it a complete and unified whole, the stability of the body embodied the most obvious. Symmetrical form of the combination, the general position of the central part of the wing to be much more prominence, so that the two wings can be under his control and subordinate to the main body, thereby highlighting the axis. To narrow the two wings to balance the main body in order to achieve visual balance and stability. At the same time, symmetrical forms of treatment are also conducive to the solemnity of public buildings and the atmosphere of the station buildings as urban portals. The facade composition generally adopts the form of "horizontal three vertical five" or "vertical three vertical three", vertical mainly Taiji, the main building and the roof composed of three parts.

The other part of the station building, the facade does not have prominent central axis, the formation of high-rise in the form of patchwork height, showing strong asymmetry, which shows the light form of the building. According to the standard design drawings, due to the use of non-symmetrical design and staircase prominent gables in the form of treatment, so the building's image of the center is very eye-catching, vivid and full of changes. Such station buildings in the facade decoration with the traditional Russian architectural charm. It is worth mentioning that, in the early design of the station building, the roof of the building was also boldly adopted the traditional Chinese roof practice.

Art processing station building. Middle East Railway Station Area Complex is part of the Middle East Railway Complex. It has its own characteristics in terms of mass composition, plan and decorative language, and these characteristics reflect the local and artistic features of the building. It can be seen that seemingly complex buildings can be summed up as a whole and a unified proportion. The proportions of buildings in the Middle East Railway Station are in harmony. From the analysis of the method of regulating lines, we can see that there is the same proportion between the whole building and the part of the building by means of diagonal parallel or vertical equal-proportion squares. The following to Anda Station Dispatching House, for example, the proportion of the building as a whole and part of the relationship analysis, we can see: in terms of proportion, the building blocks of the whole body and part of the approximate proportion of the golden ratio. In terms of de-sign, the proportion of classical architecture is respected. From the perspective of scale, the whole building is not an absolutely symmetrical combination of mass. Different from the symmetrical building, in the asymmetrical combination of mass, the principle of asymmetric equilibrium expands. In particular, by emphasizing the volume of the outstanding volume to the volume of the transitional size, in order to achieve a clear relationship between the master and the subordinate, so as to achieve the overall stability and balance, to meet the "comparative unity" aesthetic principles. The design largely re-flects the humanism, practical thinking and simple spirit. The overall construction scale of Middle East Railway Station buildings is not large. Due to the fact that the population was not dense at that time, the floor area ratio of the urban buildings was very small. Therefore, most of the buildings were of the first and second floors and were echoing the urban mass. As a whole, the standard of station building is more appropri-ate, and does not exaggerate the building body for special needs, exaggerated architec-tural style. [pic 6]

Pic 6. Palazzo Farnese, Rome, Rhythm of the architecture.