The proposal for Yubari compact city 2040 with consolidation of urban area in population declining city
Development of proposals for the development of the structure of the city, which are based on numerical analysis and on surveys of the local population. The Momijiyama area as a place where the preservation and emergence of community centers is possible.
| Рубрика | Строительство и архитектура |
| Вид | статья |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 26.09.2021 |
| Размер файла | 842,9 K |
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The proposal for Yubari compact city 2040 with consolidation of urban area in population declining city
Aya Ohara
Tsuyoshi Setoguchi
HU, Sapporo, Japan
Abstract
In Yubari city, the future population will be reduced by 55% in 2040, and it is predicted to be 2882 people. This is the population decrease rate at the top of Hokkaido prefecture. In order to keep people living in local cities such as Yubari city, it is necessary to consolidate urban areas according to population size and to reorganize urban structure, so called Compact City. In order to create a Compact City for residents to continue living not only for merely reducing the financial burden, we discuss the urban structure based on the population estimate in the future with the residents who are agent of living and the administration who are agent of management, It is necessary to determine the direction of the city. Therefore, in this research, we aim to propose future urban structure in 20 years from not only numerical analysis but also residents' workshop. As a result, the following was clarified from this study. Two types of urban structures were proposed depending on whether 3 or more «Residential area» meshes are linked is close to maintaining the current condition and got lots of «Core», so it is difficult to maintain took Shimi - zuisawa as a «Core», took a lot of «Shrinking areas». In addition to, made Momijiyama the «City Core». And have selected «Cores» by selection and concentration, so there is a high possibility that the «Core» will remain. In addition, Momijiyama is a location where wide area cooperation is possible, so future urban structure is considered to be.
Key words: compact city; depopulation; the urban integration plan
Аннотация
Ая Охара, Тсуёши Сетогучи
Университет Хоккайдо, Саппоро, Япония
Предложение по преобразованию города Юбари в компактный город к 2040 году путем уплотнения застройки в условиях снижения численности населения
К 2040 году население города Юбари сократится на 55% в, и, по прогнозам, оно составит 2882 человека. Это показатель сокращения численности населения в горных районах префектуры Хоккайдо. Для того чтобы люди жили в местных городах, таких как Юбари, необходимо объединить городские районы в соответствии с численностью населения и реорганизовать городскую структуру в так называемый Компактный Город. Создание Компактного Города, в котором жители могли бы продолжать жить не только для того, чтобы просто уменьшить финансовое бремя, по мнению авторов требует создания плана городской структуры, основанного на оценке численности населения в будущем, а также согласованного с местными жителями и администрацией.
Необходимо определить направление развития города. Настоящее исследование направлено на разработку предложений по развитию будущей структуры города через 20 лет и базируется не только на основе численного анализа, но и на опросах местного населения. В результате исследования: было предложено два типа городской структуры в зависимости от того, связаны ли 3 или более точки «Жилого района», способные поддерживать текущее состояние, которые были обозначены как «Ядра». Трудно обеспечиваемый район Симидзуйсаву был взят как «Городское Ядро», а остальные области были обозначены как «сокращающиеся». Кроме того, район Момиджияма был сделан «Сердцем города». «Ядра» были отобраны по качеству и численности населения, это дает высокую вероятностью сохранения подобных областей в будущем. Кроме того, район Момиджияма - это место, где возможно сохранение и появление новых общественных центров, поэтому предполагается, что городская структура в этом районе будет развита в будущем.
Ключевые слова: компактный город, депопуляция, план городской интеграции.
1. Yubari city analysis by GIS
Three perspectives necessary for urban structure in the future, «population», «disaster area», «building decrepitude degree», were confirmed with administrative hearing).
In «population», GIS mesh data create from population estimate in the future. In «disaster area», GIS mesh data create from sediment-related disaster warning zone. In «building decrepitude degree», GIS mesh data create from average building age. From the above data, the mesh was ranked into «Residential area», «Reduced area», and «Nothing». (Table.1) When ranking, the priority is «population»> «disaster area»> «building decrepitude degree»
Table 1. Mesh ranking table
As a result, a mesh of 3 or more people / ha were surrounded with green color as «Residential area» mesh. Part of the mesh of less than 3 people / ha was «Reduced area» mesh and surrounded with blue color. (Figure. 1) Consequently, Hontvir Tomino Kaede/Noborikawa Takinoue didn't include any «Residential area» mesh. Nanbu * Nu - manosawa, contains one «Residential area». Wakana, Shimizusawa, Momijiyama contains three or more «Residential area».
Next, based on Mesh ranking, three kinds of future urban structures were created. Characteristics of each future urban structure are shown below.
Two patterns were established based on the number of «Residential area» meshes. Based on that, each area was classified as «Core» (City Core / Residential Core) or» Shrinking area». «City Core» here is the center of the city, it means a «Core» to keep people living in the city, and the area that guides the location of the facility and residence. «Residential Core» here is a district that will continue to guide residence in the future. «Shrinking area» here is a district to review the form of residence or to promote migration to other districts. (Figure. 3)
<A> has chosen many «Cores».
An area that contains 1 or more «Residential area» meshes was taken as the «Core». And, among them, Shimizusawa with the most «Residential area» mesh was set as the «City Core» and the remaining areas were made the «Shrinking area».
As the area remains many, maintenance costs of each area and access costs to the «City Core» are high. It also has feature that there are few residents who must immigrate.
<B> has chosen many «Shrinking areas».
An area that contains 3 or more «Residential area» meshes was taken as the «Core». And, among them, Shimizusawa with the most «Residential area» mesh was set as the «City Core». An area containing 1 «Residential area» mesh or not including 1 «Residential area» mesh was designated as a «Shrinking area».
Therefore, although the cost is low, there are many residents who must immigrate, and it is difficult to obtain the consent of the residents concerning migration.
In addition to Shimizusawa, <B '> also has Momijiyama where wide area cooperation, such as highway exit and train station, is possible as a «City Core». Therefore, the development of the tourism industry can be expected.
Fig.1. Yubari city where the mesh ranking was done
Fig.2. Urban structure of Yubari city based on GIS analysis
city public population
Furthermore, we compare <A> with Compact City plan in Yubari city master plan (Figure.2). Both are images of the future in 20 years, but in GIS analysis, (1) The population of Hontyo area almost disappears. (2) The population remains partly in Nanbu area. This two points are the difference between GIS analysis and Compact City plan in Yubari city master plan.
Fig.3. Compact City plan in Yubari city master plan
Next, when consolidating of urban areas, we discussed the extent to which administrative services should be maintained. So, we plotted public facilities of the type used by residents. (Fig.1)
That public facilities located in the «Reduced area» mesh or «Shrinking area» are shown in the table, and that public facilities which are located in the «Reduced area» and future urban structure <B> are marked in blue. (Table.2) Therefore, the location of Yubari
City Hall, Meeting place for Kaede, Nanbu Community Center, Mayachi bath house
¦ Meeting place for Mayachi, is not appropriate and should be transferred to the «Residential area» mesh and «Core».
Table 2. Public facilities located in the «Reduced area» or «Shrinking area»
|
Public facility in a «Reduced area» mesh |
Public facility in a «Shrinking area» |
|||
|
<A>» City Core» |
<B>» Shrinking area» |
|||
|
Used in the whole city |
Yubari city Hall Yubari junior high school Municipal clinic & Elderly welfare facility |
Yubari city Hall Municipal clinic & Elderly welfare facility |
Yubari city Hall Municipal clinic & Elderly welfare facility |
|
|
Place for the district |
Meeting place for Shikanotani Nanbu Community Center Mayachi bath house *Meeting place for Mayachi Meeting place for Kaede |
Meeting place for Tomino Mayachi bath house *Meeting place for Mayachi Meeting place for Kaede Meeting place for Takinoue |
Agricultual Training Center Meeting place for Tomino Nanbu Community Center Mayachi bath house *Meeting place for Mayachi Meeting place for Kaede Meeting place for Takinoue |
|
|
Sport s/outdoor |
Municipal stadium |
Fuchi Park |
Fuchi Park * Yubaridake Hut |
2. Yubari city analysis by GIS
Based on the result of Chapter 1, we held a workshop with residents and municipal officers as people who are agents of living.
In the workshop, I used the following three subjects.
(1) Impressions on GIS mesh data. (2) The role of public facilities in population declining cities. (3) Impression of the future urban structure of Figure 3.
It shows opinions on each future urban structure extracted from the workshop.
In <A> which has many «Cores», there was agreement that «I want to continue to live in a familiar land», but there was concern that «Despite the current shortage of people, if you continue to keep the number of areas, eventually there will be no area to live.».
In <B> which has many «Shrinking areas», there were agreements that «Because there are few people to work physically in local governments, it cause daily life such as snow removal to maintain difficultly, it should be Compact City at least», «Because I am a farmer, I continue to live in Numanosawa even if consolidation advances, but I understand that consolidation is necessary for the city» and «We cannot create the foundation of service provision to «Shrinking areas» unless we narrow «Core» and invest in it», but there were concerns that «People in «Shrinking areas» don't always agree to immigrate the other area» etc.
In <B' > which let Momijiyama be a «Core» and which is same the condition of <B>, there were agreements that «Convenience of transportation is high, it can be a «Core» for sightseeing», «It is necessary to have a place to PR the area with charm of nature, and it can be done in Momijiyama» etc, but there were concerns that «The residents of the northern area may have impression that they are different districts for the south area» etc.
3. Administrative intention to consolidation of urban area
From the results of Chapters 3 and 4, we held a discussion meeting with the administration, as the agent of urban management. The opinions on each future urban structure are shown below. (Figure.3)
<A> is «the best in emotion theory», but there is concern that «the city's survival is also dangerous», «Yubari city master plan has come to a turning point and should be reviewed».
In <B>, there were agreements that «Yubari city has little financial resources and population, we have only to proceed with «selection and concentration»», «It will be an opportunity to incorporate «Yubari City Hall» into Yubari city master plan»,» Meeting place for Kaede and Nanbu Community Center will be abolished actually. In addition, residents of the «Shrinking area» believe that it will be no use in the future to immigrate the other area», but there were concerns that «Administrative costs per capita will continue to rise unless the area's residents become 0 in the «Shrinking area» «etc.
In addition to the above, in <B '>, there were agreements that «I want the expressway user to enter the northern part of Yubari city as a result of C with a fast departure opening» etc, but there were concerns that «90% of the agricultural crop produced in Yubari city is melon, so it is difficult to make full-year tourism attractiveness by agricultural direct sales stores such as Road Stations «etc.
Conclusion. The following 5 points were clarified from this study.
(1) In 2040, the population decline further advanced, most of the city's meshes became less than 3 people / ha, and this was a candidate for the «Reduced area» mesh.
(2) 3 or more people / ha mesh was set as a candidate for a «Residential area» mesh. Wakana, Nanbu, Shimizusawa, Numanosawa and Momijiyama contains «Residential area» mesh.
(3) Two types of urban structures were proposed depending on whether 3 or more «Residential area» meshes are linked. <A> is close to maintaining the current condition and got lots of «Core». took Shimizuisawa as a «Core», took a lot of «Shrinking areas». In addition to <B>, made Momijiyama the «City Core».
(4) <A> has many «Cores», so it is difficult to maintain both financially and de - mographically. <B> and <B '> have selected «Cores» by selection and concentration, so there is a high possibility that the «Core» will remain. In addition, Momijiyama is a location where wide area cooperation is possible, so future urban structure is considered to be <B '>.
(5) Citizens expressed their understanding of urban structure in the future, but there was a tendency for public facilities to maintain their current status.
Both administrations wanted to change their structure according to the current situation.
References
1. Yubari City Town Planning Master Plan / Yubari City
2. Yubari city regional population vision and regional comprehensive strategy / Yubari City
3. Yubari city planning basic investigation / Yubari City
4. Yubari city public facility outline / Yubari City
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