M9, the museum of XX century between urban regeneration and urban technologies

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M9, the museum of XX century between urban regeneration and urban technologies

Bisiani Thomas

University of Trieste, Triest, Italy

Abstract. In December 2018 M9, the museum of 20th Century, was inaugurated in Mestre. Designed by Sauerbruch Hutton architecture's studio based in Berlin, it was presented last summer at the Corderie del l'Arsenale in the FREESPACE exhibition, curated by Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara, for the 16th International Architecture Exhibition of the Venice Biennale. Immediately entered in the shortlist of the forty European projects that contribute to the Mies van Der Rhoe Award 2019, M9 is a typical example of urban regeneration whose goal is to enhance the existing urban tissue with new functions. At M9, moreover, architecture and technology define new spaces to engage the public in a unique visit to discover the Italy of the last Century. The result of an international architectural competition sponsored by the Fondazione di Venezia ten years ago, attended by some of the best studios on the European scene, M9 wants to be a great opportunity for urban revitalization of the historic centre of Mestre as an alternative to the cultural attractions of Venice.

Keywords: Thomas Bisiani, M9, 20th Century museum, Venezia, Mestre, urban regeneration, Sauerbruch Hutton.

Визнан Томас Университет г. Триеста, Триест, Италия

М9 - МУЗЕИ ХХ ВЕКА. МЕЖДУ ГОРОДСКОЙ РЕГЕНЕРАЦИЕЙ И НОВЫМИ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯМИ

Абстракт. В декабре 2018 года был открыт музей Mestre M9 - современный музей нового Века. Разработанный студией Sauerbruch Hutton в Берлине, он был представлен прошлым летом в рамках 16-го Международного Бьеннале в области архитектуры в Corderie del l'Arsenale в Венеции на выставке FREESPACE, которую курировали Ивонн Фаррелл и Шелли Макнамара. Сразу же вошедший в список из сорока европейских проектов, которые награждаются премией Miesvan Der Rhoe Award 2019, M9 является типичным примером городской регенерации, цель которой состоит в обогащении существующей городской структуры новыми функциями. В музее M9 помимо использования архитектуры и технологий определяются новые пространства, которые подталкивают публику к уникальному исследованию, открывающему Италию прошлого века. Проект десять лет назад был выбран на международном архитектурном конкурсе для реализации лучшими европейскими студиями, спонсирован Венецианским фондом. M9 должен стать прекрасной возможностью для возрождения городского исторического центра Местре, который позиционируется в том числе в качестве альтернативы культурным достопримечательностям Венеции.

Ключевые слова: Томас Бизиани, музей M9, музей 20-го века, Венеция, Местре, городская регенерация, Зауэрбрух Хаттон.

The competition

cultural urban historical venice

On the 27th of August 2010, during the 12th International Architecture Exhibition of the Venice Biennale, the award ceremony of the International Architecture Competition took place, which inaugurated the exhibition "M9 A New Museum for a New City".

Agence Pierre Louis Faloci (France), Carmassi Architecture Studio (Italy), David Chipperfield Architects (Great Britain / Italy), Mansilla + Tunon Arquitectos (Spain), Sauerbruch Hutton (Germany) and Souto Moura Arquitectos (Portugal), were six architecture studios called to take part in the international competition for M9, a new cultural centre in the heart of Venezia Mestre, organized by the Fondazione di Venezia, which is the creator and promoter of this project and of the cultural space.

Given the particularity of the intervention, in which the realization of the new architecture is integrated with a historic building, the Fondazione, with the advice of Francesco Dal Co [1] and thanks to the collaboration with the IUAV Universita di Venezia, has decided to invite professionals to the competition high level, known for their museum design but above all for their sensitivity to the context. The studies, in fact, have been called to reflect on a pole containing three distinct functions: the museum (a large building to be designed ex novo), the commercial one (housed in the existing building) and the tertiary one, a sort of articulated mosaic easy to compose that the winners, Sauerbruch Hutton, solved in an original and extraordinarily fascinating way (Fig. 1).

Fig. 1. The main entrance at M9

Urban regeneration and smart cities

M9 is a typical example of urban regeneration whose objective is to enhance the existing urban tissue by inserting new functions (Fig. 2) capable of acting as a flywheel for the redevelopment and revitalization of entire parts of the city.

Fig. 2. The historical court in M9 district

The central position in which the complex is located, not only facilitates pedestrian traffic, but defines the spaces in such a way as to attract visitors to enter the complex. The goal of this building is to connect in an innovative way the parts of the city that did not previously talk or were denied to the use of citizens.

The M9 technology island is part of a larger Smart City project, with the widespread use of new communication technologies, mobility, energy efficiency and environmental sustainability, such as interactive and multimedia totems to inform visitors and citizens, monitoring systems for security and health care, benches equipped with USB charging ports and Wi-Fi hotspot with a very broad free band. The network, which starts from M9, will include both Mestre and Venice, to offer the population and tourists an integrated information service.

Project facts

M9 is considered the most important project of the Fondazione di Venezia, that it has invested 110 million euros to contribute to the relaunch and development of the Venetian urban planning, the realization and development have been entrusted to Polymnia Venezia [2].

M9 provides for the construction of three buildings, integrated by volume to the urban plant of Mestre, the main of which is intended as a museum, recovery of a former convent of the late 16th Century and renovation of a building of the seventies. This is how M9 creates a dialogue with the past, giving back to the city an area not fully valued.

The renovation and re-use of the 16th Century convent, formerly a former barracks, together with the former stables on the ground floor, will in particular be destined for the commercial area of the pole.

All this by integrating sustainable design solutions: 100% of the heat for heating is produced thanks to geothermal pumps that also cover 40% of the cooling requirements, while the photovoltaic panels integrated into the roofs produce 86,000 kWh of average annual solar energy. The complex is also LEED certified.

The building by Sauerbruch Hutton

This is how M9 creates a dialogue with the past, giving back to the city an area that has not been valued. This is also due to the great attention of Sauerbruch Hutton to the urban context, where the new design of the road network in the historic city centre reunites new parts of the city, which did not previously dialogue or were denied to the use of citizens.

The building is externally clad in polychrome ceramic of 13 different colours (Fig. 3) that incorporates and interprets the colour modulations of the surrounding environment; while the entrances are in concrete as well as the upper part of the museum (Fig. 4).

Fig. 3. The coloured ceramic skin

Fig. 4. The concrete s interiors of M9 of M9

The museum is inspired by the artistic heritage of Futurism, of which it shares colour as a perception of space. On the other hand, the awareness of the value of "sustainable continuity" that the project interprets, in particular with its urban planning concept, belongs to the 21st Century.

The same dichotomy that can be read in the external image of the new cultural pole, between contemporary architecture and the restoration of the ancient, will also be the character of M9: the juxtaposition of a permanent exhibition focused on the story of the past, however extremely close and temporary exhibitions that, through a lucid look at the present time, allow to anticipate and grasp the trends of the future.

Multimediality, interaction design and new museums

M9 has been conceived as a museum of international scope, of a new generation, multifunctional and multifaceted and represents an important step for the affirmation of the cultural identity of the Venetian terraferma, at the same time it is proposed as an ambitious experiment to elaborate a new museum standard applied to a difficult and important theme, such as telling the story of the 20th Century.

The complex structure houses the Museo del '900, dedicated to the great social, economic, urban, environmental and cultural transformations that took place in the 20th Century, a motor museum and a catalyst for cultural proposals and ferments, a place for learning, but also a square in which to compare ideas and stimuli received from interactive exhibits, multi-sensory exhibitions, conferences and conventions. But not only: there is also an exhibition space for temporary exhibitions, educational and training services, dedicated to contemporary issues and emerging sectors of economy and creativity such as photography, architecture, design, graphics, cinema, communication, advertising.

M9 is not just a museum, it offers an auditorium with 200 seats, viewers for augmented reality and 4K screen, you can choose between 2 exhibition routes: the first, temporary, hosted in the "White Box" (Fig. 5) and that will help the visitor to imagine the future, the 21st Century, crossing exhibition routes with contents of the Century just ended; the other, permanent, in the "Black Box" (Fig. 5): a journey to discover the 20th Century Italian.

Fig. 5. The upper floor of M9 dedicated to the temporary exhibitions. The permanent interactive and multimedia exhibition

A new cultural and commercial centre, symbol of the architectural and urban revival of a territory. This wants to be M9, a multifaceted and complex project that responds to a need and an aspiration shared for years by the citizens of the municipalities of the Venetian mainland: having a museum space and a cultural production centre in line with the most innovative European experiences.

Conclusion

M9 is a high-level and extremely flexible urban planning solution that shows how you can innovate and at the same time have an eye for the past. Technology, on the other hand, is the result of knowledge of the past and this concept must be the basis of every urban planning project. The permanent exhibition path presents - with screens and multimedia and interactive installations - a journey through a Century through different areas: cinema / music, demography, politics, technology and industrial production, linguistics, society, habits and customs. Thanks to archive material from the Teche RAI and Istituto Luce, it is possible to understand the great transformations, the conquests and the changes that shaped Italy and Italian society in exactly the same way as we see them today. With M9 is born a structure whose function exceeds those of the traditional museum with a wide complementary cultural and commercial offer, thanks to which an innovative relationship between culture and free time is born, in a union that is now not very present in Italy. M9 can be considered a full right among the major innovative urban regeneration projects at European level, where culture in its forms and scope for a heterogeneous public becomes the engine of social change.

References

1. F. Dal Co a cura di, M9. A new museum for a new city. Milano/Venezia, 2010.

2. C. De Michelis, G. Guerzoni, L. Hutton and M. Sauerbruch, P. Lucchetta, J. Tietz, M9 Transforming the City. Venezia, 2014.

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