A Proposal on Development of a City Park as Social Platform by Transforming urban Industrial Heritage

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A Proposal on Development of a City Park as Social Platform by Transforming urban Industrial Heritage

Min Sik, Koo Young-Min

IU, Incheon, South Korea

Abstract

Remained in the district of Young Deung Po that used to be on the outskirts of Seoul during the period of industrialization, a so called `industrial heritages' are currently converted to be new centers containing art and cultural contents. Departed from a criticism on such previous methods of restoration, the study attempts to view the modernistic tensions between landscape and machines in different way and to resist hubris of the object in modernists' mind. The thesis intends to make the garden-machine relationship conflict to each other, and finally to convert the existing mill plant remaining in the area to a urban park in order to create a social platform for those residents and visitors.

Keywords: industrial heritage, machine and landscape, social platform.

Абстракт

ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ ПО СОЗДАНИЮ ГОРОДСКОГО ПАРКА В КАЧЕСТВЕ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ПЛОЩАДКИ ПУТЕМ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ГОРОДСКОГО ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ

Мин Сик, Ку Ян Мин

УИ, г. Инчхон, Республика Корея

Сохранившееся в районе Ёндынпо, который прежде располагался на окраине Сеула, с периода индустриализации, так называемое "промышленное наследие" в настоящее время переоборудовано в новые центры, вмещающие в себя художественное и культурное наполнение. Отойдя от критики предыдущих методов реставрации, статья предлагает взглянуть по-другому на современный конфликт между ландшафтом и машинами и противостоять возвышению предмета в современных умах. Работа нацелена на создание конфликта в отношениях "природа-механизмы" и в итоге преобразовать существующий завод, оставшийся в этом районе, в городской парк, чтобы создать социальную платформу для жителей и туристов.

Ключевые слова: промышленное наследие, механизмы и ландшафт, социальная платформа.

Background and Purpose

city park urban industrial

Yeongdeungpo District, developed as a central industrial complex in the outskirts of Seoul during the industrialization, has been functioned up to recently. As industrial facilities and lands belonged to the downtown by the rise of regional population density due to mass of the population influx and expansion of urban area, however, the existing industrial complexes are driven to be regarded as abominable urban facilities.

Since then, the paradigm shift in urban renewal has occurred and maintained the tendency to focus on recycling industrial facilities and idle lands into a complex of arts and culture. This, however, caused side effects by which another community that is seldom associated with existing local identity, was generated. Focusing on such side effect phenomenon, the study attempts to select Yeongdeungpo Station area regenerated from a large industrial complex to a composite consumer city as a site, to explore strategies how to regenerate industrial heritages corresponding to the local identity and needs, and to represent a conditions of `a garden in the machine'that is a retro-evolution from`the machine in the garden' rooted in modernists'value by inserting a different program,`a park'into urban life that is confront with post industrial society. Selecting the land of Daesun milling factory in Yeongdeungpo site as the project site, in particular, the study aims at integrating the existing land segmented by the railway and the overpass, propos- ing`a park'as a place that mediates between the 'Time Square' complex and surrounding high-rise office buildings, and eventually presenting new possibilities of urban park acting as a social platform on which individual value as well as collective intelligence of city residents are reflected and shared.

Scope and Methods of the Study

The “Daesun milling factory”, the last remaining large industrial facility in Yeongdeungpo, is to be the target area for a public city park It is expected that a social platform is developed, which can advance organic link among offices, large-scale shopping malls and residential areas.

The study proceeds as follows: 1) The concept of the project is derived from the reason for the site selection and an analysis of circumstances, and 2) after the humane and socio-geographical analysis on the target area and the surroundings, alternatives for land use and layout are developed through design process. 3) Then the study examines and analyzes similar cases that exhibit how the parks link with the region, 4) after reviewing design strategies and processes 5) presents the design results through intervening the derived programs and platforms in the site.

Site Analysis

The Site Condition and Potentials

The area surrounding the site has already undergone the development of a large- scale commercial complex including Times Square, and the continuous development is under-way to the west side. What is problematic is that, first of all, the milling factory has become a no man's land, completely isolated from all the peripheral circumstances by the service railroad and the elevated roadway, and that the absence of open spaces and green area around the developed. Mediating the conflicts created by the changes in the surrounding context, therefore, it is needed to regenerate the land of the milling factory into a park and to meet the shortage of green space, to make the park work as a social platform which include local identity.

Figure 1 Yeongdeungpo's industrialization process

Site reading

Macro Urban Environment _ Postindustrialism

Yeongdeungpo was developed to an urban district with building the railway system including Kyung-In(Seoul-Incheon) and Kyung-Bu(Seoul-Busan)Line in the early 1900s. In 1936 Yeongdeungpo-gu was established to the largest industrial park on the outskirts of Seoul for geographical proximity to Seoul with the Han River in between. Yeongdeungpo, with the industrialization, has served as a base for transportation of goods and social infrastructures. A planned industrial town structure, in addition to the development of industrial town along the service railroad and of the new downtown in front of the Yeongdeungpo Station, was settled in the Yeongdeungpo district by the`City Plan of 1937'. Yeongdeungpo district has been developed, with the advent of the consumer society, as the best suburban city near Seoul and has extricated itself from an industrial town with large commercial complexes and business facilities.

Micro Urban Environment _ Daesun flour factory

Accompanying with flour milling factory site, Banglim Spinning mill and Gyeongseong Textile Company were built along the service railway lines to become the center of Yeongdeungpo Industrial District. Entering into the postindustrial era, however, most lands have been broken up into small blocks and replaced by various programs.

Furthermore, as the Yeongdeungpo District Office carries forward a scheme to delete the overpass across the railway station, the problem of post treatment for the destroyed overpass is to be on the rise. Considering that Yeongdeungpo Station highway is connected either directly or indirectly with Yeongdeungpo Park (formerly OB Brewery Factory) to the South, however, recycling of the road should provide the district with organic link in the area according to the programs of the selected land.

Figure 3 Change of block and path around the site

Design

Design Concept and Direction

The main design starts with massing and deforming(folding) the site itself and recycling the part of sub-division plant facilities of existing milling factory. Then, ecological link and crossover is occurred by regenerated overpass that runs through indoor and outdoor space of the new park. Both green area and indoor space underneath the park is utilized for developing a platform as a social community, which is to be shared by the regional collective intelligence.

Figure 4 Connection between two disconnected urban spaces and surrounding areas

Design Strategy uplifted land is to reveal the stratum of the landscape disappeared through modernization, and to celebrate the integration into the Yeongdeungpo Park by folding the raised landscape at the intersection with the overpass. 2) the programs and voids are intersected on the spot of the existing Silo (previously a production facilities) rising up around the deformed landscape and overpass volume. 3) It is both internalization and externalization of programs across the green space that characterize the nature of the whole space into the public and the private. 4) a social platform containing diverse activities, which are not available in Yeongdeungpo district, is to be framed and developed by a flow of vertical movement Build through.

Figure 5 Design process

city near Seoul and has extricated itself from an industrial town with large commercial complexes and business facilities.

Micro Urban Environment _ Daesun flour factory

Accompanying with flour milling factory site, Banglim Spinning mill and Gyeongseong Textile Company were built along the service railway lines to become the center of Yeongdeungpo Industrial District. Entering into the postindustrial era, however, most lands have been broken up into small blocks and replaced by various programs.

Furthermore, as the Yeongdeungpo District Office carries forward a scheme to delete the overpass across the railway station, the problem of post treatment for the destroyed overpass is to be on the rise. Considering that Yeongdeungpo Station highway is connected either directly or indirectly with Yeongdeungpo Park (formerly OB Brewery Factory) to the South, however, recycling of the road should provide the district with organic link in the area according to the programs of the selected land.

Figure 3 Change of block and path around the site

Design

Design Concept and Direction

The main design starts with massing and deforming(folding) the site itself and recycling the part of sub-division plant facilities of existing milling factory. Then, ecological link and crossover is occurred by regenerated overpass that runs through indoor and outdoor space of the new park. Both green area and indoor space underneath the park is utilized for developing a platform as a social community, which is to be shared by the regional collective intelligence.

Figure 4 Connection between two disconnected urban spaces and surrounding areas

Design Strategy

uplifted land is to reveal the stratum of the landscape disappeared through modernization, and to celebrate the integration into the Yeongdeungpo Park by folding the raised landscape at the intersection with the overpass. 2) the programs and voids are intersected on the spot of the existing Silo (previously a production facilities) rising up around the deformed landscape and overpass volume. 3) It is both internalization and externalization of programs across the green space that characterize the nature of the whole space into the public and the private. 4) a social platform containing diverse activities, which are not available in Yeongdeungpo district, is to be framed and developed by a flow of vertical movement Build through.

Figure 5 Design process

Program

The whole site is programmed in detail under the frame of a`Park'. The detailed programs are shown in the table below.

Case study

Figure 6 Program composition and zoning

Delft University of Technology Library(Mecanoo)

Uplifted lawn ground reveals the metaphor of informations buried in the strata and the conical shape expresses the dynamics of the flow and landscape that marks the boundaries between the nature and architecture.

The factory (Ricardo Bofill)

Preserving the original form of each facility and afforesting the abandoned industrial facilities, Ricardo Bofill recycled existing circular silos and production facilities into studio spaces with residence.

Moesgaard Museum (Henning Larsen Architects)

The landscape on the roof is a roof garden of the town to support various activities of the local residents, and to hide the architecture from the nature, of which interior space is piled up and linked with each other to display the remains of the city.

Design Process

Zoning and planning

Responding to the context, the whole area is zoned by the overpass volume and main access from the ground. Organizing the triangular site in organic form, various accesses to the interior spaces are allowed to meet programs and roof park.

Figure 10 Renovation and Design strategy

Section planning

Shaped in a low-rise volume among the surrounding diversified and high-rise buildings, the park is opened by a vertical lobby created by the folded landscape and the overpass bridge, form which each program is connected.

Figure 11 Blow-up diagram (Vertical zoning)

Conclusion

The thesis attempted to verify that it is hard to maintain regional identity though conventional way of urban renewal depending simply on contents development in art and culture, to disclose that urban gentrification caused by such approaches prevents communication to lead another social controversy in the city, and to confirm that it is needed to generate a certain common ground for sharing. Furthermore, the design project intended to shows that the recovery of the lost landscape through modernization and industrialization satisfies the new urban space required by the post industrial society, and to suggest a concept of `a garden in the machine'in the previous Yeongdeungpo industrial park. The study recognized that proposing a particular open space linked by composite green network mediates urban space densified by buildings, population, and disparate programs. Emphasizing the importance of individuals residing in the city, in conclusion, the study attempted to meet the needs of the city residents in today's post industrial society, to provide place for many people to be able to share and to be connected with various surrounding contexts, and to assert the need of social platforms instead of physical renewal of urban circumstances. The thesis eventually exhibited a city park regenerated from the abandoned infrastructure and industrial relics can link present urban circumstances with programs reflecting the times and society.

Bibliography

1. Pierre Levy, Collective Intelligence! , Perseus Books Group, 1997

2. Koo, Young-min, TSpace in between! , Spacetime, 2008

3. Rowe, Collin & Koetter, Fred. ^Collage City! , The MIT press, 1978

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