Protection strategies on the dormitories of Changchun Manchuria electric power company

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Article

Protection strategies on the dormitories of Changchun Manchuria electric power company

Wang Keqi, Luo Yi, JLJU, Changchun, China

Abstract

changchun architect manchukuo building

With the rapid development of urban construction, the protection and utilization of old buildings has become increasingly prominent. Changchun has a unique history and culture, and left a lot of puppet Manchukuo period of the building, these buildings, part of the Japanese local architects to participate in the design, and most of the time was set up in the northeastern region of Japan's official building and civil architecture firm design. Passive input to Japanese architecture is a painful process for the Chinese, but it is also a building cultural exchange that, despite the bitterness, has brought many new elements to the local architecture: new materials, new technologies and new ideas, Stimulated the Chinese architecture innovation. These old buildings as a special period of cultural heritage has a non-renewable characteristic. Once damaged will not be repaired, therefore, reasonable protection of these buildings has become very important. So, how these old buildings and the increasingly new urban construction integration, so that harmonization, so that these old buildings glow a second life, is the need for today's city builders who carefully think about the problem. In this paper, the status quo of old buildings in Changchun is listed, and then the methods of reusing these old buildings are compared. At last, several strategies to pro-tect the old buildings are put forward according to the protection and utilization of Changchun Manchu Power Company.

Keywords: Manchuria architecture; historical buildings; protection Strategies.

The Status of historical buildings in the Puppet Manchu Period

At present, most of the buildings in the Spring and Autumn Period are used as tourism resources. In some places, due to the need for performance, the awareness of cultural relics buildings is too low to be "stimulating domestic demand" to provide economic benefits. Take the Manchukuo Palace, the government not only in the restoration and repair as the Palace of Manchukuo building, but also in the expansion, rebuilt the racecourse and other similar large area of the building. Puppet Palace in-side a lot of characters to add wax, which together is a huge sum of money, its actual role is not great. The construction of the Puppet Manchu period is a national resource and a treasure of Chinese history.

On these historical sites, how to retain, no longer exist on the building is to be restored, there should be a principle, or that there is a correct guiding ideology. To pseudo-Imperial Palace, the retention of the theme of pseudo-palace building, the formation of a patriotic education base, both conditions and necessary. Pseudo-imperial palace as a museum is enough, the problem is how to play a good role in its educational functions. As a national shame memorial, used as a testimony of history and education materials. While the great purpose of tourism is leisure, entertainment. If the invaders left the Japanese architecture, including the puppet period of the Yamen, shrines, temples, shelter, etc. to restore the purpose of these buildings is to attract tourists, is to "stimulate domestic demand" is to increase revenue, and Preserving its original pur-pose was poles apart. As the local characteristics of the building, they should first play is its political functions, rather than the first used to enhance economic interests.

The Status of Manchuria electric power company

In view of the research on the protection of historic buildings in the period of Puppet Manchuria in Changchun, the author chooses the Manchu Electric Power Company Japanese-style buildings scattered in every corner of Changchun. Although these old buildings have long been forgotten, their historical value Changchun City, Puppet Manchu historical building protection is inestimable, so the authors proceed to its survey measurement and analysis. The study selected the construction area is located in Xinmin Street and Jiefang Road intersection of the southeast, was Manchuria Electric Company self-built housing, belonging to the Puppet Manchu period is more important one of the company residential area, in the past eighty years tempered Still well preserved to the present, now as a residential building is still in normal use, the building has experienced the test of earthquakes and other disasters to prove the rationality of its building structure and construction technology skills, but for this piece of historic modern architecture Group, the current Manchuria Power Company residential area only four.

"Manchuria Power Company," the residential and other special clubs, qua-sispecial clubs, companies and other companies, like homes, are known as "homes house." According to the information and the oral use of the current building, the four buildings in this study are the second-class standard of Puppet Manchurian, which is one of the most important objects in the research [1, p. 102]. Four double-family two- story residential, are south toward the center of its open upper and lower bays, north- south permeability, the middle part of the traffic structure with double-run double stairs, the second layer of traffic from the North-South two-way short corridor contact, the second floor of the main household, secondary door was located in the short corridor south or north direction. Staircase in the middle of the space to be used, with storage room, used to store the winter heating coal.

"Manchuria Power Company," the building was built in the 1930s, upright modern architecture and construction of new technologies to flourish in the period of the overall design style of the building by the then modernist architectural trend of thought, but also with the Japanese Tradition Building forms and the integration of geographical factors into account. The overall image of the building is concise and simple. The roof of the building is in the form of a sloping roof. The two ends of the building are raised in the south direction, and the middle part is provided with a raised entrance in the north and south directions. In the building facade design to natural brick-based, while the brick joints only cement wipe modified, the entire faзade wall matched with a small amount of fine aggregate concrete plaster for comparison, each residential bedroom, including Building a layer are equipped with a balcony, and cast iron railings from the protective effect, the window frame around the raised decorative stripes, enriched the entire building facade vision. The selection of building materials according to local conditions, to be the latest reinforced concrete pouring method. Considering the cold weather in the northeast, the wall thickness is 430 mm, the roof structure is hollow, the roof space is partitioned by the wood board, the window area is appropriate, and the indoor height is higher than the ground level which fits for climate conditions (fig. 1).

Figure 1 - Second floor of the building

The interior of the building is basically maintained at the time, and the "Japanese style" is obvious. The entrance is equipped with a porch and an anteroom. The interior space is connected with the inner gallery, and the south side is deeper. The living room, Bedroom set up secondary room, the north side of the smaller depth, lay-out of the kitchen, bathroom, toilet, etc., at the end of the traffic corridor set as a secondary room. In addition to the storage room for indirect lighting, the other are natural lighting. There are non-load-bearing partition walls within the building for space division, partition wall embedded by the middle of the double-sided plastering composition, the door of the barrier door, duck home, deposited home and into the bed, pillars and other well- preserved, "Typical elements of the construction of the pillars of the bed was retained, as Changchun is currently found in the only remaining" and room "bed column example. In the interior decoration of the building as the past eighty years, after several easy to master, it is difficult to distinguish the situation at that time, only from the traces of residue at that time to find a trace, such as window geometry lines.

Protection strategies

Mining existing value. The historical value, social value, artistic value and economic value of the Changchun Historic Reserve, so as to enable the public to have a deeper understanding and understanding of Changchun's history and culture. In a public recognition and identity of the tangible city design, the formation of intangible historical sense of place spirit.

Construction of special places. A city built by the historical protected areas of the characteristics of the place, should also rely on physical and non-material factors of the two basic points of support, and effectively play the two support points of the specific advantage is the construction of regional characteristics of the two arterial lines.

Record the change in order. In the process of social development, there will be a large number of "historical changes" formed by aggregation effect appeared in a certain period of the phenomenon, and change the main features, reflecting the historical period of different historical orderly changes . Undoubtedly it is important to record this orderly change in the process of conservation and development, in the sense of "preserving an environment, atmosphere and style so that the implied meaning of the heritage buildings is perpetuated."

Popularize the relevant protection knowledge

Historic buildings play an important role in the growth of the city. The artistic value and educational value of this architectural landscape is a heavy accumulation of the city. So we need to increase our propaganda and education, propaganda our past, educate the public with our "car spirit" and "film spirit" second pioneering, with the characteristics of the old northeast industrial base in Changchun City, finally, combined with the actual popularity Contemporary forefront knowledge on the protection of historical and cultural heritage [2, p. 52].

Conclusion

During the period of Puppet Manchukuo, a large number of buildings left in the Puppet Manchurian period were mostly used as schools, hospitals and government offices because of the good protection and utilization of many buildings of good quality, high artistic and historical value. For example, "pseudo-Imperial Palace" is now as the Manchurian State Museum of History, a museum of crime, the formation of a patriotic education base. However, as a colonial city in Changchun, its residential construction is based on "reduce the cost, save labor" as the starting point, widely used standardized, industrial design and construction methods. In order to make it more standardized, the Puppet Government has also published a special "national standard" nature of the "Manchukuo standard residential design Atlas." Through the analysis of its characteristics, it can be seen that the "Japanese house" is a product of the new residence pattern characterized by the harmony of the architectural culture and the architectural culture. In the case of Changchun, "Japanese houses" represented by Manchurian Power Company's apartment buildings are an important part of the urban form of the old Changchun, which directly led to the formation of Changchun city pattern and style.

References

1. Yoshihiko Nishizawa. Architectural Lessons in Manchuria Railway period; China, Huazhong Architecture Press, -- 2010. --102 p.

2. Wei Liu. Research on modern urban architecture in Changchun; China, Ji-lin University Press, -- 2012. -- 52 p.

Ван Кэци, И Ло, ЦУС, Чанчунь, Китай

СТРАТЕГИИ ЗАЩИТЫ ЗДАНИЙ ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ КОМПАНИИ ЧАНЧУНЬ МАНЬЧЖУРИЯ

Абстракт -- Со стремительным развитием городского строительства, охрана и использование старых зданий становится все более значимыми. Город Чанчунь имеет уникальную историю и культуру, строительство периода марионеточного государства Маньчжоу, столицей которого был Чанчунь, оставило после себя немалое количество исторически значимых построек.

Эти здания, в разработке которых участвовали японские архитекторы, основывались на стиле сооружений, которые воздвигались в северо-восточном регионе Японии (на острове Хоккайдо и северной части острова Хонсю -- прим, ред.) в качестве официальных учреждений и зданий городской архитектуры.

Период японского господства является болезненным процессом для Китая, однако в тоже время появление японской архитектуры в Маньчжурии, несмотря на горький опыт, представляет собой культурный обмен в области строительства. Он привнес новые элементы в местную архитектуру: иные строительные материалы, новые технологии и новые идеи, шаг к инновациям в традиционной китайской архитектуре (и к появлению новых ассимилятивных стилей -- прим. ред.).

Эти старые здания, являющие собой особенный период культурного наследия, не подлежат восстановлению. Будучи однажды поврежденным, здание уже нельзя отремонтировать, по этой причине надлежащая защита этих зданий становится очень важной. Сейчас происходит этап слияния старых сооружений и новых городских построек, и возможность гармонизировать этот процесс, дать старым зданиям вторую жизнь является приоритетом для строительных компаний, которые внимательны к этому вопросу.

В этой статье, перечисляются состояния старых городских зданий в Чанчуне, сравниваются методы взаимодействия с ними. Также в статье рассматриваются стратегические подходы по защите и утилизации старых зданий электроэнергетической компании Чанчунь Маньчжурия.

Ключевые слова: архитектура Маньчжурского периода; исторические здания; стратегии защиты.

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