Analysis of the impact of occupational sex-segregation on the wages of men and women and its significance in the gender pay gap: Russian case
The impact of horizontal occupational gender segregation on the hourly wages of men and women in Russia after the crisis. The main indicator of occupational segregation: the percentage of women in the industry, the so-called occupational feminization.
| Рубрика | Экономика и экономическая теория |
| Вид | дипломная работа |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 18.07.2020 |
| Размер файла | 966,1 K |
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26. Santero-Sбnchez, R., Segovia-Pйrez, M., Castro-Nuсez, B., Figueroa-Domecq, C., & Talуn-Ballestero, P. (2015). Gender differences in the hospitality industry: A Job quality index. Tourism Management, 51:234-246.
27. Tilcsik, A., Anteby, M., Knight, C. (2015). Concealable Stigma and Occupational Segregation: Toward a Theory of Gay and Lesbian Occupations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 60(3), 446-481.
28. Tomaskovic-Devey, D. (1995). Sex composition and gendered earnings inequality: A comparison of job and occupational models. In: Jacobs JA (ed) Gender Inequality at Work. Thousand Oaks: Sage, 23-56.
Appendix 1. Variables
|
# |
Variable |
Mean |
Std. Dev. |
Min |
Max |
|
|
1 |
Wage* |
4.610511 |
0.7312632 |
-1.211941 |
9.903487 |
|
|
2 |
Occupational feminization |
0.5577415 |
0.2360058 |
0 |
1 |
|
|
3 |
Working hours (J8 in RLMS) |
175.1494 |
50.85899 |
1 |
720 |
|
|
4 |
age |
43.54678 |
11.04426 |
18 |
87 |
|
|
5 |
Number of children (J72_172 in RLMS) |
1.640302 |
0.7348374 |
0 |
11 |
*logarithm of hourly wage
6. Gender (H5 in RLMS)
7. Contract type
8. Marital status
|
i |
Marital status |
|
|
1 |
Never married |
|
|
2 |
In a registered marriage |
|
|
3 |
Living together, not registered |
|
|
4 |
Divorsed and not remarried |
|
|
5 |
Widower or widow |
|
|
6 |
Registered, not living together |
9. Finished education
|
i |
Finished education level |
|
|
1 |
0-6 grades |
|
|
2 |
Unfinished secondary |
|
|
3 |
Unfinished secondary+smth else |
|
|
4 |
Secondary School |
|
|
5 |
Vocational secondary |
|
|
6 |
Higher Education and more |
10. Skill level (based on variable OCCUP08 in RLMS)
|
i |
Skill level |
OCCUP08 |
|
|
1 |
High |
Managers |
|
|
Professionals |
|||
|
Technicians and Associates |
|||
|
2 |
Medium |
Clerical workers |
|
|
Service and Sales |
|||
|
Armed |
|||
|
3 |
Low |
Skilled agricultural |
|
|
Craft workers |
|||
|
Plant and Machine |
|||
|
Elementary |
11. Professional courses (J72_1A in RLMS)
12. Refresher courses (J72_11 in RLMS)
13. Disability (M20_7 in RLMS)
14. Industry (J4_1 in RLMS)
|
i |
Industry |
i |
Industry |
|
|
1 |
Light and Food Industry |
17 |
Housing and Communal Services |
|
|
2 |
Civil Machine Constr |
18 |
Real Estate |
|
|
3 |
Military |
19 |
Social Services |
|
|
4 |
Oil and Gas Industry |
20 |
Jurisprudence |
|
|
5 |
Heavy Industry |
21 |
Church |
|
|
6 |
Construction |
22 |
Chemical Industry |
|
|
7 |
Transportation, Communication |
23 |
Wood, Timber and Forestry |
|
|
8 |
Agriculture |
24 |
Sports, Tourism and Entertainment |
|
|
9 |
Catering |
25 |
Services |
|
|
10 |
Education |
26 |
IT |
|
|
11 |
Science, Culture |
27 |
Ecology |
|
|
12 |
Health |
28 |
Government and Public Administration |
|
|
13 |
Army, MIA, Security |
29 |
Mass Media |
|
|
14 |
Trade, Consumer Services |
30 |
Advertising and Marketing |
|
|
15 |
Finances |
31 |
Public Organizations |
|
|
16 |
Energy and Power Industry |
32 |
Other |
15. Region
|
i |
Region |
i |
Region |
|
|
1 |
Leningrad Obl |
21 |
Biisk |
|
|
2 |
Krasnodar |
22 |
Komi |
|
|
3 |
Udmurt Resp |
23 |
Vladivostok |
|
|
4 |
Perm Obl |
24 |
Amurskaja Obl |
|
|
5 |
Kaluzhskaya Obl |
25 |
Saratov Obl |
|
|
6 |
Tambov Obl |
26 |
Syktyvkar |
|
|
7 |
Volgograd Obl |
27 |
Cheliabinsk |
|
|
8 |
Kazan |
28 |
Cheliabinsk Obl |
|
|
9 |
Kurgan |
29 |
Nizhnij Novgorod |
|
|
10 |
Orenburg Obl |
30 |
Penzenskaya Obl |
|
|
11 |
Chuvashskaya Resp |
31 |
Krasnodarskij Kraj |
|
|
12 |
Stavropolskij Kraj |
32 |
Smolensk |
|
|
13 |
Altaiskij Kraj |
33 |
Tulskaja Obl |
|
|
14 |
Krasnojarsk |
34 |
Rostov Obl |
|
|
15 |
Tver Obl |
35 |
Moscow City |
|
|
16 |
Saratov |
36 |
New Moscow |
|
|
17 |
Tomsk |
37 |
St. Petersburg City |
|
|
18 |
Lipetskaya Obl |
38 |
Moscow Obl |
|
|
19 |
Krasnojarskij Kraj |
39 |
Novosibirskaya Obl |
|
|
20 |
Kabardino-Balkarija |
Appendix 2. Estimation results (Detailed)
Sample 1.
1a. Specification with working hours
|
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
||
|
VARIABLES |
OLS |
FE |
RE |
FD |
|
|
fem |
0.0936 |
0.153 |
0.139 |
-0.00981 |
|
|
(0.103) |
(0.0915) |
(0.0858) |
(0.0882) |
||
|
fem_gender |
-0.195*** |
-0.0819 |
-0.125*** |
-0.0426 |
|
|
(0.0310) |
(0.0637) |
(0.0428) |
(0.0647) |
||
|
age |
-0.00752*** |
0.00193 |
-0.00831*** |
0.00354 |
|
|
(0.000293) |
(0.00817) |
(0.000441) |
(0.00892) |
||
|
work_hours |
-0.00417*** |
-0.00507*** |
-0.00481*** |
-0.00539*** |
|
|
(8.53e-05) |
(0.000116) |
(0.000100) |
(0.000111) |
||
|
Child_N |
0.0222*** |
0.0246* |
0.0250*** |
0.0283* |
|
|
(0.00413) |
(0.0135) |
(0.00616) |
(0.0155) |
||
|
Gender |
0.402*** |
- |
0.400*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0176) |
(0.0247) |
||||
|
Disability |
-0.166*** |
-0.159*** |
-0.163*** |
-0.0473 |
|
|
(0.0225) |
(0.0445) |
(0.0279) |
(0.0528) |
||
|
skill_level_1 |
0.204*** |
0.0451** |
0.136*** |
0.0274 |
|
|
(0.00882) |
(0.0175) |
(0.0121) |
(0.0180) |
||
|
skill_level_2 |
-0.107*** |
-0.0584*** |
-0.0670*** |
-0.0348* |
|
|
(0.00931) |
(0.0185) |
(0.0128) |
(0.0196) |
||
|
Prof_courses |
0.0317*** |
-0.0223 |
-0.00158 |
0.00730 |
|
|
(0.00754) |
(0.0146) |
(0.0102) |
(0.0172) |
||
|
Refresh_courses |
0.0960*** |
0.0196* |
0.0401*** |
0.0200* |
|
|
MARITAL STATUS |
(0.0125) |
(0.0116) |
(0.0108) |
(0.0117) |
|
|
Marst_2 |
0.00638 |
-0.0645 |
-0.00139 |
-0.0295 |
|
|
(0.0168) |
(0.0404) |
(0.0232) |
(0.0458) |
||
|
Marst_3 |
-0.0591*** |
-0.108*** |
-0.0598** |
-0.0658 |
|
|
(0.0188) |
(0.0389) |
(0.0251) |
(0.0445) |
||
|
Marst_4 |
-0.0111 |
-0.0792** |
-0.0187 |
-0.0685* |
|
|
(0.0182) |
(0.0387) |
(0.0246) |
(0.0411) |
||
|
Marst_5 |
-0.0258 |
-0.0658 |
-0.0261 |
-0.0525 |
|
|
(0.0198) |
(0.0430) |
(0.0270) |
(0.0469) |
||
|
Marst_6 |
-0.105** |
-0.143** |
-0.0862* |
-0.0357 |
|
|
DIPLOM |
(0.0431) |
(0.0590) |
(0.0461) |
(0.0577) |
|
|
Diplom_2 |
0.167* |
-0.0839 |
0.0861 |
-0.199*** |
|
|
(0.0988) |
(0.0814) |
(0.108) |
(0.0604) |
||
|
Diplom_3 |
0.174* |
-0.0874 |
0.0923 |
-0.243*** |
|
|
(0.0957) |
(0.0837) |
(0.107) |
(0.0616) |
||
|
Diplom_4 |
0.219** |
-0.107 |
0.114 |
-0.257*** |
|
|
(0.0952) |
(0.0841) |
(0.106) |
(0.0626) |
||
|
Diplom_5 |
0.289*** |
-0.0739 |
0.193* |
-0.232*** |
|
|
(0.0953) |
(0.0862) |
(0.107) |
(0.0666) |
||
|
Diplom_6 |
0.495*** |
-0.0801 |
0.385*** |
-0.284*** |
|
|
INDUSTRY |
(0.0954) |
(0.0904) |
(0.107) |
(0.0696) |
|
|
Industry_2 |
-0.0191 |
0.0604* |
0.0460 |
-0.00268 |
|
|
(0.0269) |
(0.0366) |
(0.0289) |
(0.0371) |
||
|
Industry_3 |
-0.0200 |
0.0755* |
0.0553* |
0.0288 |
|
|
(0.0254) |
(0.0440) |
(0.0318) |
(0.0459) |
||
|
Industry_4 |
0.210*** |
0.163*** |
0.216*** |
0.0194 |
|
|
(0.0363) |
(0.0456) |
(0.0369) |
(0.0493) |
||
|
Industry_5 |
0.134*** |
0.117*** |
0.122*** |
0.0386 |
|
|
(0.0309) |
(0.0392) |
(0.0317) |
(0.0385) |
||
|
Industry_6 |
0.103** |
0.152*** |
0.143*** |
0.0674 |
|
|
(0.0407) |
(0.0437) |
(0.0374) |
(0.0437) |
||
|
Industry_7 |
0.0330 |
0.0156 |
0.0391 |
-0.0476 |
|
|
(0.0281) |
(0.0332) |
(0.0275) |
(0.0350) |
||
|
Industry_8 |
-0.248*** |
-0.0386 |
-0.132*** |
-0.0909** |
|
|
(0.0325) |
(0.0431) |
(0.0336) |
(0.0430) |
||
|
Industry_9 |
-0.226*** |
-0.109*** |
-0.149*** |
-0.0697* |
|
|
(0.0281) |
(0.0404) |
(0.0319) |
(0.0388) |
||
|
Industry_10 |
-0.275*** |
-0.201*** |
-0.248*** |
-0.0821* |
|
|
(0.0344) |
(0.0408) |
(0.0320) |
(0.0419) |
||
|
Industry_11 |
-0.271*** |
-0.0976** |
-0.173*** |
-0.0510 |
|
|
(0.0274) |
(0.0428) |
(0.0321) |
(0.0386) |
||
|
Industry_12 |
-0.223*** |
-0.131*** |
-0.170*** |
-0.0942** |
|
|
(0.0343) |
(0.0448) |
(0.0327) |
(0.0479) |
||
|
Industry_13 |
0.0133 |
0.0268 |
0.0420 |
-0.00902 |
|
|
(0.0322) |
(0.0400) |
(0.0323) |
(0.0399) |
||
|
Industry_14 |
-0.0201 |
-0.00975 |
-0.0145 |
0.00221 |
|
|
(0.0172) |
(0.0224) |
(0.0185) |
(0.0235) |
||
|
Industry_15 |
-0.00677 |
-0.0147 |
-0.00212 |
0.0416 |
|
|
(0.0332) |
(0.0446) |
(0.0357) |
(0.0430) |
||
|
Industry_16 |
0.0510* |
0.0427 |
0.0573* |
-0.00201 |
|
|
(0.0303) |
(0.0446) |
(0.0338) |
(0.0428) |
||
|
Industry_17 |
-0.259*** |
-0.0663* |
-0.149*** |
-0.0591 |
|
|
(0.0225) |
(0.0398) |
(0.0281) |
(0.0381) |
||
|
Industry_18 |
-0.00810 |
-0.0683 |
-0.0375 |
0.0363 |
|
|
(0.0556) |
(0.0627) |
(0.0544) |
(0.0514) |
||
|
Industry_19 |
-0.444*** |
-0.112* |
-0.229*** |
-0.0771 |
|
|
(0.0506) |
(0.0583) |
(0.0506) |
(0.0587) |
||
|
Industry_20 |
-0.0241 |
-0.0958 |
-0.0605 |
0.0958* |
|
|
(0.0650) |
(0.0803) |
(0.0705) |
(0.0575) |
||
|
Industry_21 |
-0.628*** |
-0.0243 |
-0.180 |
-0.230 |
|
|
(0.0836) |
(0.199) |
(0.168) |
(0.181) |
||
|
Industry_22 |
-0.169*** |
-0.0230 |
-0.0546 |
-0.0639 |
|
|
(0.0648) |
(0.0968) |
(0.0871) |
(0.0651) |
||
|
Industry_23 |
-0.206*** |
-0.00413 |
-0.0586 |
-0.0675 |
|
|
(0.0599) |
(0.0894) |
(0.0760) |
(0.0805) |
||
|
Industry_24 |
-0.183*** |
-0.0830 |
-0.132** |
-0.209** |
|
|
(0.0521) |
(0.0821) |
(0.0653) |
(0.0910) |
||
|
Industry_25 |
-0.158*** |
-0.0490 |
-0.0903* |
-0.0324 |
|
|
(0.0545) |
(0.0508) |
(0.0482) |
(0.0520) |
||
|
Industry_26 |
-0.0239 |
-0.0718 |
-0.0440 |
0.0430 |
|
|
(0.0827) |
(0.0700) |
(0.0671) |
(0.0754) |
||
|
Industry_27 |
-0.158** |
-0.0797 |
-0.127* |
-0.152* |
|
|
(0.0657) |
(0.0879) |
(0.0700) |
(0.0779) |
||
|
Industry_28 |
-0.0505 |
0.0139 |
-0.0190 |
0.0403 |
|
|
(0.137) |
(0.122) |
(0.122) |
(0.0666) |
||
|
Industry_29 |
-0.0750 |
-0.0144 |
-0.0493 |
0.0373 |
|
|
(0.0584) |
(0.0812) |
(0.0699) |
(0.0873) |
||
|
Industry_30 |
-0.306*** |
-0.0508 |
-0.149** |
-0.0557 |
|
|
(0.0881) |
(0.0581) |
(0.0718) |
(0.0643) |
||
|
Industry_31 |
-0.540*** |
-0.474*** |
-0.511*** |
-0.0333 |
|
|
(0.150) |
(0.115) |
(0.128) |
(0.229) |
||
|
Industry_32 |
-0.155*** |
-0.101** |
-0.104*** |
-0.0449 |
|
|
REGION |
(0.0421) |
(0.0454) |
(0.0390) |
(0.0414) |
|
|
Region_2 |
-0.139*** |
- |
-0.155*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0271) |
(0.0429) |
||||
|
Region_3 |
-0.385*** |
- |
-0.366*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0248) |
(0.0416) |
||||
|
Region_4 |
-0.279*** |
- |
-0.292*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0253) |
(0.0423) |
||||
|
Region_5 |
-0.478*** |
- |
-0.484*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0257) |
(0.0443) |
||||
|
Region_6 |
-0.521*** |
- |
-0.502*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0265) |
(0.0462) |
||||
|
Region_7 |
-0.498*** |
- |
-0.498*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0274) |
(0.0480) |
||||
|
Region_8 |
-0.190*** |
- |
-0.180*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0257) |
(0.0427) |
||||
|
Region_9 |
-0.291*** |
- |
-0.255*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0280) |
(0.0440) |
||||
|
Region_10 |
-0.444*** |
- |
-0.402*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0234) |
(0.0385) |
||||
|
Region_11 |
-0.489*** |
- |
-0.504*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0294) |
(0.0508) |
||||
|
Region_12 |
-0.430*** |
- |
-0.429*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0253) |
(0.0428) |
||||
|
Region_13 |
-0.687*** |
- |
-0.720*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0303) |
(0.0513) |
||||
|
Region_14 |
0.000629 |
- |
0.000340 |
- |
|
|
(0.0286) |
(0.0454) |
||||
|
Region_15 |
-0.313*** |
- |
-0.333*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0276) |
(0.0453) |
||||
|
Region_16 |
-0.401*** |
- |
-0.368*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0270) |
(0.0441) |
||||
|
Region_17 |
-0.150*** |
- |
-0.142*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0286) |
(0.0462) |
||||
|
Region_18 |
-0.364*** |
- |
-0.346*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0242) |
(0.0396) |
||||
|
Region_19 |
-0.352*** |
- |
-0.372*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0269) |
(0.0444) |
||||
|
Region_20 |
-0.762*** |
- |
-0.713*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0337) |
(0.0538) |
||||
|
Region_21 |
-0.461*** |
- |
-0.433*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0265) |
(0.0430) |
||||
|
Region_22 |
0.278*** |
- |
0.296*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0262) |
(0.0412) |
||||
|
Region_23 |
0.138*** |
- |
0.150*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0269) |
(0.0417) |
||||
|
Region_24 |
-0.342*** |
- |
-0.361*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0288) |
(0.0473) |
||||
|
Region_25 |
-0.592*** |
- |
-0.564*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0259) |
(0.0426) |
||||
|
Region_26 |
-0.0215 |
- |
-0.00867 |
- |
|
|
(0.0279) |
(0.0463) |
||||
|
Region_27 |
-0.119*** |
- |
-0.108** |
- |
|
|
(0.0257) |
(0.0421) |
||||
|
Region_28 |
-0.441*** |
- |
-0.431*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0250) |
(0.0428) |
||||
|
Region_29 |
-0.147*** |
- |
-0.145*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0243) |
(0.0397) |
||||
|
Region_30 |
-0.641*** |
- |
-0.628*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0287) |
(0.0508) |
||||
|
Region_31 |
-0.421*** |
- |
-0.434*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0229) |
(0.0399) |
||||
|
Region_32 |
-0.295*** |
- |
-0.272*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0280) |
(0.0439) |
||||
|
Region_33 |
-0.174*** |
- |
-0.145*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0260) |
(0.0407) |
||||
|
Region_34 |
-0.192*** |
- |
-0.168*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0250) |
(0.0398) |
||||
|
Region_35 |
0.441*** |
- |
0.474*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0223) |
(0.0361) |
||||
|
Region_36 |
0.128 |
- |
0.148 |
- |
|
|
(0.0908) |
(0.113) |
||||
|
Region_37 |
0.170*** |
- |
0.181*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0248) |
(0.0394) |
||||
|
Region_38 |
0.250*** |
- |
0.253*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0223) |
(0.0366) |
||||
|
Region_39 |
-0.154*** |
- |
-0.160*** |
- |
|
|
YEAR |
(0.0253) |
(0.0408) |
|||
|
Year_2011 |
0.117*** |
0.106*** |
0.115*** |
0.0169** |
|
|
(0.0112) |
(0.0117) |
(0.00800) |
(0.00769) |
||
|
Year_2012 |
0.240*** |
0.225*** |
0.242*** |
0.0507*** |
|
|
(0.0112) |
(0.0183) |
(0.00853) |
(0.00946) |
||
|
Year_2013 |
0.341*** |
0.335*** |
0.354*** |
0.0798*** |
|
|
(0.0113) |
(0.0258) |
(0.00886) |
(0.00927) |
||
|
Year_2014 |
0.439*** |
0.408*** |
0.440*** |
0.0576*** |
|
|
(0.0117) |
(0.0340) |
(0.00963) |
(0.00764) |
||
|
Year_2015 |
0.473*** |
0.443*** |
0.479*** |
0.0564*** |
|
|
(0.0120) |
(0.0419) |
(0.00982) |
(0.0118) |
||
|
Year_2016 |
0.526*** |
0.490*** |
0.536*** |
0.0254** |
|
|
(0.0121) |
(0.0497) |
(0.0104) |
(0.0107) |
||
|
Year_2017 |
0.573*** |
0.532*** |
0.585*** |
0.575*** |
|
|
(0.0123) |
(0.0578) |
(0.0106) |
(0.00831) |
||
|
Year_2018 |
0.678*** |
0.634*** |
0.692*** |
0.672*** |
|
|
(0.0119) |
(0.0660) |
(0.0107) |
(0.0750) |
||
|
Constant |
4.958*** |
5.135*** |
5.139*** |
- |
|
|
(0.113) |
(0.356) |
(0.124) |
|||
|
Observations |
32,335 |
32,335 |
32,335 |
19,504 |
|
|
R-squared |
0.521 |
0.376 |
0.282 |
||
|
Number of idind |
9,839 |
9,839 |
Robust standard errors in parentheses
*** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1
Heteroscedasticity test
|
Modified Wald test for groupwise heteroscedasticity in fixed effect regression model |
|
|
H0: sigma(i)^2 = sigma^2 for all i |
|
|
chi2 (9839) = 3.1e+36 |
|
|
Prob>chi2 = 0.0000 |
Hausman (1978) specification test
|
Coef. |
||
|
Chi-square test value |
589.756 |
|
|
P-value |
0 |
1b. Specification with contract type
|
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
||
|
VARIABLES |
OLS |
FE |
RE |
FD |
|
|
fem |
0.0159 |
0.138 |
0.0912 |
-0.00314 |
|
|
(0.106) |
(0.0945) |
(0.0888) |
(0.0939) |
||
|
fem_gender |
-0.0742** |
-0.00971 |
-0.0173 |
0.0534 |
|
|
(0.0320) |
(0.0647) |
(0.0430) |
(0.0672) |
||
|
age |
-0.00697*** |
-0.000148 |
-0.00752*** |
0.00748 |
|
|
(0.000304) |
(0.00872) |
(0.000448) |
(0.00910) |
||
|
part_time |
0.354*** |
0.395*** |
0.384*** |
0.393*** |
|
|
(0.00879) |
(0.0109) |
(0.00947) |
(0.0105) |
||
|
Child_N |
0.0153*** |
0.0148 |
0.0149** |
0.0184 |
|
|
(0.00430) |
(0.0135) |
(0.00633) |
(0.0162) |
||
|
Gender |
0.303*** |
- |
0.291*** |
- |
|
|
(0.0181) |
(0.0248) |
||||
|
Disability |
-0.152*** |
-0.144*** |
-0.138*** |
-0.0631 |
|
|
(0.0238) |
(0.0444) |
(0.0291) |
(0.0574) |
||
|
skill_level_1 |
0.190*** |
0.0179 |
0.122*** |
0.00979 |
|
|
(0.00917) |
(0.0189) |
(0.0126) |
(0.0192) |
||
|
skill_level_2 |
-0.142*** |
-0.105*** |
-0.111*** |
-0.0645*** |
|
|
(0.00965) |
(0.0200) |
(0.0134) |
(0.0213) |
||
|
Prof_courses |
0.0256*** |
-0.0320** |
-0.00888 |
0.00673 |
|
|
(0.00780) |
(0.0158) |
(0.0107) |
(0.0192) |
||
|
Refresh_courses |
0.0807*** |
0.0157 |
0.0350*** |
0.0237* |
|
|
MARITAL STATUS |
(0.0130) |
(0.0127) |
(0.0117) |
(0.0129) |
|
|
Marst_2 |
0.0224 |
-0.0852* |
0.00161 |
-0.0363 |
|
|
(0.0173) |
(0.0435) |
(0.0239) |
(0.0504) |
||
|
Marst_3 |
-0.0596*** |
-0.130*** |
-0.0706*** |
-0.0680 |
|
|
(0.0194) |
(0.0414) |
(0.0256) |
(0.0483) |
||
|
Marst_4 |
-0.00587 |
-0.109*** |
-0.0290 |
-0.0869* |
|
|
(0.0188) |
(0.0417) |
(0.0254) |
(0.0457) |
||
|
Marst_5 |
-0.0137 |
-0.0866* |
-0.0256 |
-0.0710 |
|
|
(0.0205) |
(0.0455) |
(0.0277) |
(0.0520) |
||
|
Marst_6 |
-0.0955** |
-0.158*** |
-0.0877* |
-0.0269 |
|
|
DIPLOM |
(0.0437) |
(0.0610) |
(0.0460) |
(0.0633) |
|
|
Diplom_2 |
0.0417 |
0.0231 |
0.0498 |
-0.186 |
|
|
(0.112) |
(0.0340) |
(0.0505) |
(0.154) |
||
|
Diplom_3 |
0.0663 |
-0.0247 |
0.0462 |
-0.285* |
|
|
(0.109) |
(0.0392) |
(0.0459) |
(0.155) |
||
|
Diplom_4 |
0.108 |
-0.0619 |
0.0629 |
-0.304* |
|
|
(0.109) |
(0.0407) |
(0.0453) |
(0.155) |
||
|
Diplom_5 |
0.189* |
-0.0282 |
0.155*** |
-0.263* |
|
|
(0.109) |
(0.0450) |
(0.0460) |
(0.157) |
||
|
Diplom_6 |
0.403*** |
-0.0277 |
0.361*** |
-0.301* |
|
|
INDUSTRY |
(0.109) |
(0.0538) |
(0.0467) |
(0.159) |
|
|
Industry_2 |
0.0182 |
0.102*** |
0.0935*** |
0.0581 |
|
|
(0.0276) |
(0.0371) |
(0.0292) |
(0.0387) |
||
|
Industry_3 |
0.0254 |
0.119** |
0.107*** |
0.0871* |
|
|
(0.0264) |
(0.0482) |
(0.0336) |
(0.0494) |
||
|
Industry_4 |
0.212*** |
0.155*** |
0.218*** |
0.0657 |
|
|
(0.0372) |
(0.0471) |
(0.0378) |
(0.0512) |
||
|
Industry_5 |
0.154*** |
0.126*** |
0.146*** |
0.0557 |
|
|
(0.0320) |
(0.0408) |
(0.0327) |
(0.0421) |
||
|
Industry_6 |
0.0849** |
0.163*** |
0.139*** |
0.109** |
|
|
(0.0418) |
(0.0450) |
(0.0386) |
(0.0459) |
||
|
Industry_7 |
0.0188 |
0.0293 |
0.0421 |
-0.00124 |
|
|
(0.0291) |
(0.0346) |
(0.0286) |
(0.0369) |
||
|
Industry_8 |
-0.307*** |
-0.0511 |
-0.177*** |
-0.106** |
|
|
(0.0335) |
(0.0462) |
(0.0353) |
(0.0462) |
||
|
Industry_9 |
-0.201*** |
-0.0866** |
-0.126*** |
-0.0457 |
|
|
(0.0289) |
(0.0401) |
(0.0324) |
(0.0405) |
||
|
Industry_10 |
-0.264*** |
-0.173*** |
-0.230*** |
-0.0592 |
|
|
(0.0355) |
(0.0427) |
(0.0333) |
(0.0455) |
||
|
Industry_11 |
-0.261*** |
-0.105** |
-0.174*** |
-0.0640 |
|
|
(0.0285) |
(0.0452) |
(0.0333) |
(0.0421) |
||
|
Industry_12 |
-0.216*** |
-0.111** |
-0.159*** |
-0.0707 |
|
|
(0.0353) |
(0.0470) |
(0.0338) |
(0.0494) |
||
|
Industry_13 |
-0.00343 |
0.00639 |
0.0301 |
0.00898 |
|
|
(0.0333) |
(0.0432) |
(0.0342) |
(0.0424) |
||
|
Industry_14 |
-0.0328* |
-0.00970 |
-0.0210 |
0.0150 |
|
|
(0.0179) |
(0.0234) |
(0.0193) |
(0.0249) |
||
|
Industry_15 |
0.0203 |
-0.0163 |
0.0132 |
0.0655 |
|
|
(0.0343) |
(0.0456) |
(0.0368) |
(0.0457) |
||
|
Industry_16 |
0.0918*** |
0.0538 |
0.0930*** |
0.0293 |
|
|
(0.0314) |
(0.0468) |
(0.0352) |
(0.0460) |
||
|
Industry_17 |
-0.221*** |
-0.0133 |
-0.103*** |
-0.00556 |
|
|
(0.0235) |
(0.0415) |
(0.0289) |
(0.0411) |
||
|
Industry_18 |
-0.0206 |
-0.0230 |
-0.0152 |
0.0694 |
|
|
(0.0556) |
(0.0667) |
(0.0552) |
(0.0651) |
||
|
Industry_19 |
-0.426*** |
-0.104* |
-0.225*** |
-0.0316 |
|
|
(0.0526) |
(0.0601) |
(0.0526) |
(0.0604) |
||
|
Industry_20 |
-0.00546 |
-0.123 |
-0.0612 |
0.102* |
|
|
(0.0644) |
(0.0804) |
(0.0721) |
(0.0598) |
||
|
Industry_21 |
-0.556*** |
0.0577 |
-0.118 |
-0.0514 |
|
|
(0.0903) |
(0.19... |
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