Українська греко-католицька церква у суспільно-політичному житті українців Північної Америки у 1870-1939 роках

Ключові слова: Українська греко-католицька церква, українська еміграція, суспільно-політичне життя, «Американський кружок», «Провидіння», УНС, «Католицька акція», А. Шептицький, С. Ортинський, ЧСВВ, П. Понятишин, К. Богачевський, Н. Будка, ЧСВВ.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Юшкевич В.В. «Украинская греко-католическая церковь в общественно-политической жизни украинцев Северной Америки в 1870 -1939 гг.» - Рукопись.

Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата исторических наук по специальности 09.00.12 - украиноведение (исторические науки). - Киевский национальный университет имени Тараса Шевченка, Киев, 2011.

Диссертация посвящена комплексному исследованию Украинской греко-католической церкви в общественно-политической жизни украинской общины США и Канады в 1870-1939 гг. На основе широкого комплекса источников исследовано всестороннюю миссионерскую и душпастирьскую акцию униатских священников-миссионеров, иерархов УГКЦ США и Канады, митрполита Андрея Шептицкого, которые вели просветительную, осведомительную деятельность между украинскими переселенцами, что в конечном счёте определило оформление сознательной своих истинных государственных идеалов и национальной идентичности украинскую диаспору.

Ключевые слова: Украинская греко-католическая церковь, украинская эмиграция, общественно-политическая жизнь, «Американский кружок», СУК «Провидение», УНС, «Католическая акция», А. Шептицкий, С. Ортинский, ЧСВВ, П. Понятишин, К. Богачевский, Н. Будка, ЧСВВ.

ANNOTATION

Iushkevych V.V. «Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church in socio-political life of North American Ukrainians in 1870-1939 ss.» - Manuscript.

Dissertation for the purposes of seeking a degree of Candidate of science in history, specialty 09.00.12. - Ukrainian studies (history sciences). Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, Kyiv, 2011.

This dissertation investigates the place and influence of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church on socio-political life of Ukrainian immigrants in North America in 1870-1939 ss.

Researching the pioneering period of Ukrainian emigration to USA and Canada in 1870-1914 it is noted that this process was unorganized and first emigrants from Western Ukrainian lands differed culturally, dialectically, by their ethic region of origin had diverse political views that led them being the target of easy assimilation and exploitation. The only help were priests who were appointed to new missionary lands by the metropolitan of UGCC.

Missionary and pastoral activity of uniate priests was all-embracing they conducted educational and natioenlighten mission among Ukrainians. Thus, rev. I. Volansky was the first organizer of Ukrainian communities in USA he managed to stop the outflow of Ukrainians to Czech, Slovak and Polish church parishes that kept them from full assimilation and Romanization. Educational and pastoral action of Uniate priests, members of «American Circle», led to the evolution of national aspirations of Galician immigrants - from «Ruthenian» to «Ukrainian» on the other it created a polar separation among Greek Catholics on Transcarpathian Rusyns and Ukrainian Galicians.

First appointed bishops who were consecrated in 1907 and 1912 - S. Ortynskyi, OSBM (UGCC USA) and N. Budka (UGCC Canada) went on the organizational initiatives of uniate priests-missionaries. They relieved tensions between uniate Ukrainians and their clergy from Roman clergy in formative years who demanded to incorporate estates of Ukrainian parishes to Roman Catholic Church.

In this dissertation work, activities of UGCC USA and Canada ordinariates during the First World War are explored. It is discovered that they led Ukrainian community in the U.S. and Canada during the First World War and conducted the unequivocal support of the sovereign aspirations of the Ukrainian people during the liberation struggle of Ukrainian lands in 1917-1921. Patriotic circles of Ukrainian intelligentsia and clergy in USA were organized in the Ukrainian National Council on the initiative of Bishop. S. Ortynskyi OSBM, who in his pastoral letter unambiguously condemned Russia as the initiator of World War II. It is also proved that the pastoral letters of bishop N. Budka concerning the war provoked divisions within the Ukrainian Greek Catholic community in Canada, caused critics from the liberal part of Canadian society. Budka's addresses launched the internment campaign against Ukrainians in Canada.

Without guidance in the U.S. caused by the death of Bishop. S. Ortynskyi, OSBM, and isolation of N. Budka all social and public activities in Canada, USA concentrated around the administrator of UGCC USA - rev. P. Poniatyshyn. As a result, he founded a united organization - the Ukrainian National Committee, which began a broad campaign in 1915. Adminiatrator's merit was the adoption by Congress, and approved by a resolution of W. Wilson, a «Ruthenian (Ukrainian) Day» in America, raised funds from which were sent to the Ukrainian Central Rada in Kyiv. With the successful holding of "Ukrainian Day" in the U.S. Ukrainian community drew an attention of the American public and government circles not only to the "Ukrainian question" of unfortunate brothers in Ukraine, but also witnessed itself in front of American society.

Metropolitan A. Sheptytsky had a remarkable impact on the Ukrainian settlers in the U.S. and Canada, due to his prestige on the North American continent was opened independent Ukrainian Church exarchates in USA and Canada in 1907 and 1912, it was held on the action of building a successful post-war orphanages s in Ukraine, mentioned activities of the metropolitan strengthened the authority of churches, consolidated faithful of Uniate Church and the Ukrainian diaspora in general.

During the interwar period it occurred the shift in the directions of conducted activities of UGCC in USA and Canada. Ukrainian Greek-Catholic bishops K. Bohachevsky and N. Budka, later V. Ladyka (UGCC Canada) determined to develop church organizations and educational institutions to raise a highly educated and religious new generation of Ukrainians. In social and political issues ordinariates of UGCC cooperated with the "Hetman Sich”, as opposed to the secular intelligentsia of UNA in the U.S. and UAOC supporters in Canada.

«Catholic Action» initiated and supported by Bishop. K. Bohachevsky and V. Ladyka OSBM Church of Canada in 1930s was the decisive factor in the reconciliation of secular and religious communities within the Ukrainian community in North America;

Key words: Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church, Ukrainian emigration, socio-political life, «American circle», UUC «Providence», UNA, «Catholic action», A. Sheptyckyi, S. Ortynskyi OSBM, P. Poniatyshyn, K. Bohachevskyi, N. Budka OSBM.

Размещено на Allbest.ru