Становлення і реформування середньої і вищої освіти Ірландії

Ключові слова: ірландська освіта, становлення, реформування, середня, вища освіта, “монастирська цивілізація”, “аграрна” система освіти, “Ірландський прорив”, суспільство знань, сектор вищої технологічної освіти, дипломи “А” і “В”, високі і надвисокі технології.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Кучер Ю.А. Становление и реформирование средней и высшей школы Ирландии. - Рукопись.

Диссертация на соискание научной степени кандидата педагогических наук по специальности 13.00.01 - “Общая педагогика и история педагогики”. - Киевский національний университет имени Тараса Шевченко, Киев, 2008.

В диссертации впервые в Украине объектом комплексного сравнительного исследования стала образовательная сфера Ирландии (Ирландской Республики или Эйре); проведено в исторической ретроспективе целостный научный анализ организационно-педагогических основ становления и развития ирландского среднего та высшего образования, исследовано роль научного комплекса в достижении страной больших социально-экономических успехов.

В работе представлены результаты анализа состояния исследования Ирландии в отечественных научных источниках; определены периоды развития ирландской образовательно-культурной сферы; поданы особенности деятельности средней и высшей школы в канун присоединения Ирландии к Европейскому Союзу (ЕС), специфику развития ирландской системы образования после вступления в ЕС до конца ХХ века; установлены особенности реформирования и модернизации образовательно-научного комплекса Ирландии после 2000 года. Исследована эволюция образовательной системы во всех ее основных параметрах, указано особенности ирландского образовательно-научного комплекса, что оказывало содействие успехам Ирландии. Доказано, что ирландский опыт экономических, образовательных и научных модернизаций во многих аспектах применимый для успешного осуществления “Украинского прорыва”.

Ключевые слова: ирландское образование; становление, реформирование; среднее, высшее образование, “монастырская цивилизация”, “аграрная” система образования, “Ирландский прорыв”, общество знаний, сектор высшего технологического образования, дипломы “А” и “В”, высокие и сверхвысокие технологии.

ANNOTATION

Kucher Y.A. Formation and Reforming of Secondary and Higher Education of Ireland. - Manuscript.

Scientific Thesis for the Degree of the Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences in the specialty 13.00.01 - “General Pedagogy and the History of Pedagogics”. - The Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, Kyiv, 2008.

In the dissertation for the first time in Ukraine the educational sphere of Ireland (the Irish Republic or Eire) has become the object of the complex comparative research.

In the historic-analytical part of the manuscript the modern scientific data about an origin of Irish, primary features of bases of their life-support, culture and outlook, characteristic for cattlemen are stated. They have not created written language and have left very small material inheritance contrasting with rich epistolary. The individual features of Irish occur from the Celtic individualism and passionarity, but are strengthened by influence of severe natural conditions of the Irish island complicating grain agriculture.

The division into periods of national cultural-educational evolution from occurrence on the basis of Christianity of very high morals on level and cultures is offered “a monastic civilisation” (1st period, V-XI centuries), stagnation and braking of a development of education within centuries of the British colonisation (2nd period, ХІІ-ХІХ centuries), legislative and other steps to creation national and the general education after reception by Ireland of the status of dominion (3rd, 1921-1939) and the achievements of full independence (4th period, 1939-1972), the accelerated reforming of the imperfect “agrarian” education and the education for high elite into modern general and multilevel one after January, 1st, 1973 when Ireland has entered the European Union (5th period).

The condition, formation and almost continuous reforming of secondary and higher school of this country in the end of 4th and during all 5th period are taken into careful consideration in the dissertation. The phenomenon of “the Irish break” is accented - repeated increase in the total national income within 1989-2006.It is proved, that the Irish achievement in general corresponds to the governmental plans of “The Ukrainian break”. The phenomenon of high similarity of history of the development of the Ukrainian and Irish people is revealed. The features of the Irish culture and education promoting modern successes of Ireland are investigated in details. The detailed data (statistics, curricula, legislation, combination of public and government influence on education, etc.) about formation of Ireland in the beginning of its being in the European Union and presently are cited. The main reasons of high investment appeal of Ireland in 1990th years are revealed and analysed, is specified in distinction of vectors of educational changes during this period in this state and in Ukraine. The basic attention is addressed to humanisation of the purposes of training and humanitarisation processes of teaching and the education occurring in shape critics of natural sciences and reduction in curricula of averages and the higher schools mathematicians, physicists, chemistry and other disciplines. Ireland, on the contrary, could involve almost all pupils in studying of bases of the exact sciences, having generated the shots, capable to use in manufacture and the third sector computers and ultrahigh technologies. In a combination to high labour morals of Irish it has caused investment appeal of Ireland and guaranteed success of the original plan for development which has received the name “the Irish break” and caused after 2000 an interest of many scientific different countries.

The special attention is turned by us that Ireland transformed an “agrarian” educational-scientific complex into modern, adapted for a society of knowledge, having bypassed an “industrial” stage both in education, and on a labour market. Irish have selected an evolutionary way of an education modernisation, having refused from the revolutionary reforms breaking activity of educational institutions. Changes were brought gradually on the basis of the limited experiments and a combination of the state and public management.

In this research the features and the reasons of the radical changes of the maintenance of secondary education are investigated. Having passed a curriculum organized on the basis of the exact sciences, the Irish youth has easily mastered computers and manufacture on the basis of high technologies.

The modern condition of the higher school of Ireland in aspects of structural construction, quantity and the nomenclature of higher educational institutions, the features of student's contingents is investigated in details. Special value for economic-social successes of creation of a lot of engineering-technological colleges which award diplomas of type “В” is proved. The achievements of the universities which award diplomas of type “А” into the development of culture and spirituality of the nation, in expansion of scientific researches are specified. The reasons of popularity of the Irish universities and colleges among youth from USA, Great Britain and other developed countries have been explained.

The role of the modern Ministry of Education and Science of Ireland in successful development of educational system is shown. The Ministry of Education and Science of Ireland could push aside church from school and provide the balance of humanitarian and is natural-scientific subjects in its curricula.

It is proved, that the Irish experience of economic, educational and scientific modernizations in many aspects is suitable for successful realization of “the Ukrainian break”.

Key words: Irish education; formation, reforming; secondary, higher education, “monastic civilization”, “agrarian” educational system, “Irish break”, society of knowledge, sector of the higher technological education, diplomas “А” and “В”, high and ultrahigh technologies.

Размещено на Allbest.ru