Особенности формирования умений письменной речи в рамках подготовки к экзамену

11. The car … he bought last month is fantastic.

12. This is the most beautiful waterfall … we have ever seen!

6. Соедините предложения, используя придаточные предложения.

Н-р: My dad works in a factory. It makes parts for computers. (Мой отец работает на фабрике. Она производит детали для компьютеров.) - The factory … makes parts for computers. - The factory where my dad works makes parts for computers. (Фабрика, на которой работает мой отец, производит детали для компьютеров.)

1. There is a bakery near my house. It sells wonderful pies. - The bakery … sells wonderful pies.

2. They lived in a cottage. It was struck by lightning. - The cottage … was struck by lightning.

3. Jane made a seafood salad. Nobody likes it. - Nobody likes the salad … .

4. Jack is an architect. He designed the Opera House. - Jack is the architect … .

5. The woman didn't apologize. Her cat bit me. - The woman … didn't apologize.

6. Madonna is a famous American singer. Her parents were born in Italy. - Madonna … is a famous American singer.

7. The apartment is the biggest in the house. The lawyer lives there. - The apartment … is the biggest in the house.

8. We play tennis in a sports centre. It is very expensive. - The sports centre … is very expensive.

2. Упражнения на вводные слова и слова-связки

1. Выберите подходящее слово-связку и переведите предложения.

1. Diana visited the gallery yesterday, and her friend ... (too/also/either) went there.

2. Foxes have fluffy tails, and squirrels do ... (too/also/either).

3. ... (Therefore/Although/However) it was cold, she decided to put her light coat on.

4. ... (Besides/Since/Because of) his bad behavior we left little Sam at home.

5. My kids have a lot of fun in winter, ... (in addition/ for instance/ moreover) they enjoy playing snowballs.

6. When we go to Austria, we like skiing ... (as well as/on the whole/as a result) just walking.

7. And ... (in brief/whereas/in conclusion) I would like to thank all our guests for coming.

8. If we leave right now, we could ... (still/while/although) catch the train.

9. It is a cheap and, ... (in spite of/moreover/unlike), effective way of learning French.

10. One of my favourite actors, ... (in other words/generally/namely) Leonardo DiCaprio, is in that movie.

11. They have had a lot of problems but, ... (lastly/on the whole/furthermore) they are quite happy.

12. It's so frosty in Russia, ... (whereas/for example/because) it's extremely hot in Africa.

13. David is really stupid, ... (especially/basically/unlike) his cousin.

14. She obtained a visa, ... (surprisingly/therefore/though) she is going to Brazil.

15. Mary is allergic to nuts, ... (in summary/nevertheless/in addition to) she sometimes eats them.

2. Перепишите предложения, начиная с предложенных слов-связок и не изменяя смысл предложения. (* - упражнение повышенной сложности)

Например: He expected Flora to accept the invitation, but she didn't. (Он надеялся на то, что Флора примет приглашение, но она не приняла.) - Even though Flora ... (Even though Flora was expected to accept the invitation, she didn't.)

1. Despite the fine weather, we all stayed at home. (Несмотря на прекрасную погоду, мы все остались дома.) - Although ...

2. We are not going to leave, although we know that we should. (Мы не собираемся уходить, хотя и знаем, что надо.) - While ...

3. Sam felt sick, but insisted on dancing.(Сэм почувствовал себя нездоровым, но настаивал на танце.) - Despite ...

4. Maxim has done well in Maths, but not so well in History. (Максим хорошо справился с математикой, но не так хорошо с историей.) - While ...

5. He tried to forget about her. He didn't succeed, however. (Он пытался забыть о ней, однако ему не удалось.) - Although ...

6. She was very busy, but I phoned her anyway. (Она была очень занята, но я все равно ей позвонил.) - In spite of ...

7. In spite of her advanced age, Mrs.Dew won the contest. (Несмотря на престарелый возраст, миссис Дью победила в состязании.) - Although ...

8. The scientists wanted to save money, so they used only local materials. (Ученые хотели сэкономить деньги, поэтому использовали только местные материалы.) - In order to ...

3. Поставьте в слова-связки недостающий предлог.

1. First ... all I'd like to welcome you to our meeting.

2. This telephone is expensive, but ... the other hand it's superior in quality.

3. The answer, ... a nutshell, is “yes”.

4. We all got into that trouble because ... you.

5. He is still smoking, ... spite of the doctor's warnings.

6. I'm not a vegetarian. ... the contrary, I love meat.

7. I want to go somewhere. To India, ... instance.

8. We study English language, and ... addition English history.

4. Выберите из скобок подходящий вариант.

1. We have asked them both but … (neither/both) of them knows his address.

2. He has lived in Milan and Madrid but he didn't like … (either/neither) of the cities much.

3. She is very slim. I think she is … (either/neither) a sportsman … (or/nor) a model.

4. Anna never works all day. She works … (either/neither) in the morning … (or/nor) after lunch.

5. He has 2 cars, but I don't like … (either/neither) of them.

6. She couldn't choose between them, she liked them … (both/either).

7. You can take … (either/neither) a bus or a train to get to Oxford.

8. Would you like fish or chicken? - It doesn't matter. … (Either/Both) will do for me.

9. Would you like apple juice or orange juice? - … (Either/Neither), thanks. I don't like juice.

10. Would you like some salad or some steak? - … (Either/Both). I'm so hungry.

11. Doesn't he use … (either/neither) of his phones?

12. My old granny could … (either/neither) read … (or/nor) write.

13. … (Either/Neither) of them invited me, so I didn't go there.

14. You should keep … (either/both) hands on the steering wheel.

15. I don't like horror films, and my husband doesn't like … (either/neither).

16. … (Either/Both) my mother and father have green eyes.

17. I asked two friends to help me with the test, but … (either/neither) of them knew the answer.

18. Her dress was … (either/both) black or brown.

19. Please ask … (either/neither) Fred or Linda to buy some milk.

20. We can meet … (either/neither) today … (or/nor) tomorrow. I am terribly busy.

5. Дайте краткие ответы, используя neither и слово в скобках в качестве подлежащего.

Н-р: I don't eat garlic. (Mary) - Neither does Mary. (Я не ем чеснок. - И Мэри тоже.)

1. I cannot understand him. (we)

2. We are not from Brazil. (I)

3. He didn't go to the movie. (William)

4. I will never talk to him. (my Mum)

5. He hasn't bought a present yet. (I)

6. I haven't got any sisters. (my friend)

7. I don't enjoy horse-riding. (we)

8. I am not going to Moscow. (Jack)

3. Упражнения на модальные глаголы

1. Выберите верный вариант модального глагола. Переведите предложения.

1. I am sorry, I ... (can't/might/should) have deleted the photos on the computer.

2. The camera isn't working. Oh, we ... (must/can/may) have broken it!

3. One million dollars? You ... (can't/must/may) be joking!

4. It is bitter. It ... (must/might/can't) be honey.

5. Where is your telephone? - It ... (must/can't/should) have fallen in the river.

6. He ... (can/might/can't) need our help.

7. Let's go and ask the children. They ... (may/should/must) know the answer.

8. This story ... (would/must/might) not be true.

9. We're going to Japan tomorrow. - Oh, you ... (can't/must/can) be excited!

10. Jack hasn't arrived yet. His train ... (could/can't/should) be late.

2. Перефразируйте предложения в вежливые просьбы, начиная с модального глагола в скобках.

Н-р: Turn the light off. (Выключи свет.) (Would ...?) - Would you turn the light off, please? (Не мог бы ты выключить свет?)

1. Say that again. (Could ...?)

2. I want to see your passport. (Will ...?)

3. We want to use your car. (Can ...?)

4. I want to enter the classroom. (May ...?)

5. Be quiet! (Could ...?)

6. Help me with these heavy boxes. (Would ...?)

7. Speak louder! (Will ...?)

8. Give me a lift after work. (Can ...?)

9. I want another beer. (Could ...?)

10. I want to leave work early today. (May ...?)

3. Поставьте must, mustn't, have to, don't have to или doesn't have to.

1. It's a secret. You ... tell it to anyone.

2. You ... respect your parents.

3. She is very rich. She ... go to work.

4. This party is free. You ... buy any tickets.

5. This is the last bus for Paris and we ... miss it.

6. You ... be on time for the exam.

7. They ... eat too much cake.

8. We're going to the restaurant, so our mother ... cook tonight.

9. You ... forget to turn off the light before you leave.

10. It's getting late. I think I ... go now.

11. Boys and girls, you ... hand in your essays by Thursday.

12. Tom ... take a bus because his dad drives him to school every morning.

13. You ... tell me lies. It's just awful.

14. We ... tidy up our room because our sister did it yesterday.

15. You ... smoke on board the plane.

4. Преобразуйте предложения с модальными глаголами на предложения в прошедшем времени.

1. I need to send the letter. (Мне нужно отправить письмо.)

2. Schoolchildren must wear black shoes. (Школьники обязаны носить черные туфли.)

3. We don't have to do homework at primary school. (Нам не нужно делать уроки в начальной школе.)

4. You have to water the garden. (Нужно поливать сад.)

5. They must not wear jeans in the office. (Им нельзя носить джинсы в офисе.)

6. I don't have to get up early because I am on holiday. (Мне не обязательно рано вставать, потому что я на каникулах.)

7. Tom has to make his bed every day. (Тому нужно заправлять кровать каждый день.)

8. I need to go to the library quite soon. (Мне нужно довольно скоро сходить в библиотеку.)

9. Peter must stop smoking. (Питер должен перестать курить.)

10. You shouldn't drink coffee after dinner. (Тебе не следует пить кофе после ужина.)

5. Выберите правильный модальный глагол и переведите предложения.

1. All passengers ... (should/must) wear seat-belts.

2. My tooth hurts. I think I ... (shouldn't/ought to) see a dentist.

3. I ... (couldn't/needn't to) eat sweets when I was a girl.

4. You ... (don't have to/mustn't) walk on the grass.

5. You ... (have to/shouldn't) be kind and polite.

6. He ... (doesn't have to/shouldn't) whistle inside a house.

7. Your brother ... (ought to/must) eat healthy food.

8. Strawberry yoghurt ... (mustn't/doesn't have to) contain real strawberries.

9. You ... (should/have to) read this book. It's really nice.

10. Greg ... (can/ought to) spend more time on English grammar.

6. Переведите предложения и определите значение модального глагола (способность или неспособность делать что-либо, выражение сомнения, недоумения, запрет или разрешение, вежливая просьба).

1. You can't be rude to your sister.

2. Could you drive me to work?

3. Could Greg have said this?

4. Next year I'll be able to speak English fluently.

5. I'm sorry but I can't come to the party.

6. You can take my dictionary if you need it.

7. My old grandparents are not able to look after themselves.

8. Can she still be having a shower?

9. Could you close the door?

10. I will be able to play billiards with you tonight.

7. Преобразуйте предложения в прошедшее время Past Simple. Сделайте необходимые изменения.

Н-р: Sally can speak on the phone for hours. - Sally could speak on the phone for hours.

1. I can dance a waltz round the room right now. (last night)

2. My little son can read 100 words a minute. (when he was six)

3. No, he can't be in London now. (yesterday)

4. Cindy can't carry this heavy box.

8. Преобразуйте предложения в прошедшее время Future Simple. Сделайте необходимые изменения.

Н-р: I can join you today. (next Sunday) - I will be able to join you next Sunday.

1. He can't lend you his bike. (tomorrow)

2. We can buy some aspirin at the chemist's.

3. Dad can sell his car now. (when he reduces the price)

4. Our managers can solve the problem. (next week)

9. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами can, could, be able to в необходимой форме.

1. Rita … cook perfect steaks as the meat was fresh.

2. You … work as a waiter until you are 18.

3. I don't believe the latest news. It … be true!

4. When he lived in Canada he … speak French quite well.

5. We … see the ballet better if we buy the first row tickets.

6. Mary is depressed, she … stop crying.

7. Mother caught a taxi because she had a terrible backache, and she … walk.

8. … you speak slower, please?

9. I … play the violin now but I … play it two years ago.

10. You … get to the station in half an hour.

10. Переведите предложения и определите значение модального глагола (разрешение, запрет, вежливая просьба, предположение или раздражение/упрек).

1. We were not allowed to use the car park.

2. They might have warned me.

3. It might rain, so don't forget your umbrella.

4. Visitors may have lunch at 1 p.m.

5. May I borrow your calculator for a second?

6. Don't drink this water! It might be poisonous.

7. You won't be allowed to talk during your exam tomorrow.

8. You might be more polite.

9. Christina may be in Spain now.

10. May I use your mobile telephone?

11. We may get an answer from him next week.

12. You may register for the conference until the end of June.

11. Расставьте слова в предложениях по порядку.

1. I - your - see - may - passport ?

2. not - to - children - allowed - are - enter .

3. come - sister - tomorrow - might - my .

4. have - a glass - please - may - of - I - wine ?

5. Slava - ill - may - have - fallen .

6. might - your - often - you - more - phone - parents .

7. was - go - he - allowed - home - to - not .

8. colder - it - tomorrow - might - get .

12. Напишите, что можно, а что нельзя делать посетителям (visitors) в музее. Используйте модальный глагол be allowed to.

to eat or drink (есть или пить)

to touch works of art (дотрагиваться до произведений искусства)

to carry a small-sized bag (носить маленькие сумочки)

to use flashlight photography (использовать фотовспышку)

to talk quietly (тихо разговаривать)

13. Раскройте скобки, поставив инфинитив в необходимую временную форму.

1. You may … (to leave) the room now.

2. She said that you might … (to be) free.

3. Robert might … (to hear) our talk.

4. Mother may … (to make) tea in the kitchen now.

5. The boys may … (to play) tennis since breakfast.

6. Why is the baby crying? - He might … (to hurt) himself.

7. When may we … (to visit) you?

8. Alec may … (to run) away from home last night.

9. You told me the news too late. I think you might … (to tell) it sooner.

10. It may … (to be) slippery tomorrow morning.

14. Поставьте must или mustn't.

1. You look pale. I think you … see the doctor.

2. It's very slippery outside. You … run there.

3. You … throw litter on the pavement.

4. Children … look neat and clean at school.

5. You … make noise in the library.

6. You … brush your teeth before going to bed.

7. You … fasten your seatbelt in a car.

8. Children … watch TV a lot.

9. You … light a fire in the forest.

10. You … be friendly to other people.

15. Составьте вопросительные предложения, начиная с предлагаемых в скобках слов.

1. We must hurry. (Why …?)

2. They must meet as soon as possible. (Where … ?)

3. I had to work hard last week. (When … ?)

4. Sally will have to explain the details. (Why … ?)

5. Granddad must stay in bed for a few days. (How long … ?)

6. She has to be careful with that device. (Why … ?)

7. They have to tell me the truth. (What … ?)

8. Mum will have to make a lot of snacks for the party. (How many … ?)

9. We had to stay in hospital till midnight. (Where … ?)

10. He has to go to Paris next week. (Who … ?)

16. Поставьте mustn't или don't have to.

1. You … leave your kids unattended at the airport.

2. You … be late for the interview.

3. You … eat the soup if you don't want to.

4. You … shout at us.

5. We … run. We have plenty of time before the concert.

6. You … pay now. You can pay online later.

7. This museum is free. We … buy any tickets.

8. This is my dad's pen. You … lose it.

9. You … make much noise. Little Tim is sleeping.

10. It's Sunday tomorrow. I … get up early.

17. Измените предложения в настоящем времени на будущее или прошедшее, используя модальный глагол have to.

1. I must fly to India now. (next month)

2. We must go and buy some painkillers. (last night)

3. Drake must sign the contract today. (tomorrow)

4. I must water the plants now. (yesterday)

5. He must mend a broken window. (tomorrow morning)

6. You must pay the rent today. (last Friday)

4. Условные предложения, конструкции I wish, if I only

1. Выберите подходящую форму глагола в каждом предложении.

1. If we … (will leave/leave/leaves) at 7 o'clock, we … (will arrive/arrive/arrives) on time.

2. If Bob … (will get/get/gets) a good job, he … (will buy/buy/buys) a new car.

3. If you … (won't drink/don't drink/doesn't drink) wine, you … (won't feel/don't feel/doesn't feel) sleepy.

4. The child … (will start/start/starts) crying if the toy … (will break/break/breaks).

5. We … (will go/go/goes) to the beach if the weather … (will be/is/be) sunny tomorrow.

6. I … (will be/am/be) late for the concert if I … (won't find/don't find/doesn't find) a taxi.

7. If he … (will become/become/becomes) Prime Minister, he … (will raise/raise/raises) taxes.

8. If you … (will be/are/is) more careful, you … (won't make/makes/make) so many mistakes.

2. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в необходимую форму.

1. If you … (not help) me, I … (not pass) the exam tomorrow.

2. We … (buy) this car if you … (give) us a discount.

3. If my dad … (find) his tools, he … (be able) to repair my bike.

4. If David … (not give up) smoking, Liza … (not marry) him.

5. Mary … (meet) her friends from Italy if she … (come) to the party.

6. If you … (lend) me the money, I … (pay) you back next month.

7. They … (not let) you into the cinema if you … (lose) your tickets.

8. If my sister … (travel) to Japan, she … (buy) a kimono for me.

3. Перепишите предложения, начиная с данных слов и не изменяя смысл.

Н-р: In the snowy weather they don't go to school. (В снежную погоду они не ходят в школу.) - If the weather … (If the weather is snowy, they won't go to school. - Если погода будет снежной, они не пойдут в школу.)

1. Make me strong coffee, and I'll go and buy some milk. - If you … .

2. Unless you leave us alone, we'll call the police. - If you … .

3. Your baby can fall down, and we won't be able to catch him at once. - If your baby … .

4. I can help you carry the bags if they are too heavy. - If the bags … .

5. Take the map, otherwise we will get lost in the city. - If you … .

4. Поставьте глаголы из скобок в необходимую форму.

1. If he … (be) my friend, I … (invite) him to the party.

2. If I … (be) taller, I … (become) a basketball player.

3. If an asteroid … (hit) our planet, it … (cause) an ice age.

4. John … (travel) around the world if he … (win) a lottery prize.

5. We … (go) to Spain this winter if we … (have) enough money.

6. She … (not mind) if you … (borrow) her car.

7. If you … (move) to another city, I … (phone) you every day.

8. They … (laugh) at me if I … (sing) this song.

9. If we … (have) free time, we … (start) a new hobby.

10. If I … (know) her secret, I … (not tell) it to anyone.

5. Составьте условные предложения II типа, используя данные слова в необходимой форме. Переведите.

Н-р: the questions be so easy/ all of us pass the test. - If the questions were so easy, all of us would pass the test. (Если бы вопросы были такими легкими, мы все сдали бы тест.)

1. he be slim/ he be more attractive.

2. I pick the children up/ I am not busy.

3. you drink much wine/ you feel sleepy.

4. I am married/ I have lunch at home.

5. Peter live in a house/ he have a dog.

6. Замените условные предложения I типа (реальное условие) на условные предложения II типа (нереальное условие).

Н-р: If we make a fire, we will frighten away the wolves. (Если мы разожжем костер, мы спугнем волков.) - If we made a fire, we would frighten away the wolves. (Если бы мы разожгли костер, мы бы спугнули волков.)

1. If you leave the child alone, he will hurt himself.

2. We'll make nice pictures if Paola brings a camera.

3. If it snows, the kids will make a snowman.

4. I'll buy this laptop if I have enough money.

5. If our granny puts on her glasses, she will see the flowers.

6. If you are too busy, we'll leave you alone.

7. I will plant the tomatoes tomorrow if it rains.

8. If Bob finds his relatives, he will live with them.

7. Найдите к каждому началу предложения его окончание. Переведите получившиеся предложения.

1. You could have done much better in the exam …

2. If the weather had been nice …

3. I wouldn't have bought that book …

4. She would have gone to Japan last summer …

5. If I hadn't taken an umbrella …

6. That building wouldn't have fallen down …

a. … if she had spoken Japanese quite well.

b. … if it hadn't been so old.

c. … if I'd known how dull it was.

d. … I would have got wet.

e. … we could have gone horse-riding.

f. … if you had taken private lessons.

8. Поставьте глаголы из скобок в необходимую форму.

1. If I … (save) more money, I … (go) to Australia.

2. If our parents … (not argue), we … (spend) the weekend together.

3. They … (not allow) him to enter the office if he … (not put on) a tie.

4. If the storm … (not break out), the ship … (not sink).

5. I … (take) you to the airport if I … (have) a car.

6. You … (not visit) the doctor if you … (not drink) cold milk.

7. She … (not lose) her bag if she … (be) more careful.

8. If the driver … (not take) the wrong turning, we … (not arrive) late.

9. Напишите цепочку рассуждений о жизни Софии, используя условные предложения III типа.

Н-р: If Sophie hadn't gone to France for a holiday, she wouldn't have met a nice guy Jean. (Если бы София не поехала в отпуск во Францию, она бы не встретила там хорошего парня Жана.)

10. Используйте конструкцию I wish для выражения того, что хотелось бы изменить в настоящем.

Н-р: I don't have a dog. - I wish I had a dog. (Как бы мне хотелось иметь собаку.)

1. I can't use a computer.

2. He doesn't have a good job.

3. She isn't rich.

4. It is so cold today.

5. They don't know my phone number.

11. Используйте конструкцию I wish для выражения того, что хотелось бы изменить в прошлом.

Н-р: I forgot to visit her on Monday. - I wish I hadn't forgotten to visit her on Monday. (Жаль, что я забыл навестить ее в понедельник.)

1. We missed the last train.

2. You didn't take my advice.

3. It rained cats and dogs yesterday.

4. Nina couldn't arrive on time.

5. Bruce didn't pass the driving test.

12. Используйте конструкцию I wish для выражения пожелания изменить ситуацию в будущем.

Н-р: Bob interrupts me all the time. - I wish Bob wouldn't interrupt me. (Хотелось бы, чтобы Боб не перебивал меня.)

1. You are so rude when you drink alcohol.

2. Our secretary uses my computer without my permission.

3. My husband doesn't care much about our children.

4. This printer makes too much noise.

5. He doesn't love me.

13. Выразите пожелание на будущее. Составьте по 2 предложения к каждой проблеме (If only и I wish), используя предлагаемые фразы.

1. People drop rubbish in the streets. (use rubbish bins, take rubbish home)

2. We are cutting down so many trees. (recycle more paper, protect forests)

3. Children don't like reading books today. (watch less TV, play computer games)

4. People hunt animals for sport. (protect animals, become more humane)

14. Выразите сожаление о прошлом. Составьте по 2 предложения к каждой проблеме (If only и I wish), используя предлагаемые фразы.

1. She has gained much weight. (walk more, eat less)

2. The rivers have dried up. (save water, waste water)

3. I crashed my car. (drive carefully, let my dad drive)

4. He had a row with his sister. (keep calm, lose temper)

5. Косвенная речь

1. Измените предложения с общими вопросами на косвенную речь.

Например: «Are you happy?» he asked her. («Ты счастлива?», спросил он ее.) - He asked her if she was happy. (Он спросил, счастлива ли она.)

1. I asked him, “Have you seen my dog?” (Я спросил его: «Ты видел мою собаку?»)

2. “Can you give me an ice-cream?” asked the little girl. («Вы можете дать мне мороженое?» - спросила маленькая девочка.)

3. “Do you know when she will return?” he asked. («Ты знаешь, когда она вернется?» - спросил он.)

4. The teacher said to the girls, “Have you done your homework?” (Учитель сказал девочкам: «Вы сделали домашнее задание?»)

5. The little boy asked the man, “Will you help me?” (Маленький мальчик попросил мужчину: «Вы поможете мне?»)

6. “Are you coming home with me?” he asked me. («Ты пойдешь со мной домой?» - спросил он меня.)

7. “Do you really come from Japan?” the prince asked the young man. («Вы действительно родом из Японии?» - спросил принц молодого человека.)

8. “Don't you have a driving license?” I asked her. («Разве у вас нет водительских прав?» - спросил я ее.)

9. Ann said, “Did anybody see you?” (Анна сказала: «Тебя кто-нибудь видел?»)

10. “Are they hungry?” my mother asked. («Они голодны?» - спросила моя мама.)

11. “Can you speak French?” the manager asked. («Вы можете говорить по-французски?» - спросил менеджер.)

12. “Was your sister at home?” Bob asked. («Твоя сестра была дома?» - спросил Боб.)

2. Вы встретили бывшего соседа Уильяма. Он задает вам много вопросов:

1. How are you?

2. Where have you been?

3. Where is your sister?

4. What does her husband do?

5. How much do you earn?

6. When will you pay my money back?

7. Why did you move to another place?

8. Where are you going?

9. Why didn't you call me last month?

10. What time can I call you?

Расскажите своему другу, о чем вас расспрашивал Уильям. Начинайте со слов: Не asked me ..., He wanted to know ..., He wondered ...

Например: He asked me how I was. (Он спросил, как у меня дела.)

3. Выберите подходящую форму глагола в каждом предложении.

1. Paul asked me whether I liked travelling. - “... (Do you like/Did you like) travelling?” asked Paul.

2. He asked me if I had finished the essay. - “... (Did you finish/Had you finished) the essay?” he asked me.

3. Helen asked me if she could leave. - “... (Can/Could) I leave?” asked Helen.

4. I asked Sam where we were going. - “Where ... (are we/were we/we were) going?” I asked.

5. Mark asked Liz if she had met anyone the previous Sunday. - “... (Did you meet/Have you met) anyone last Sunday?” asked Mark.

6. The policeman asked him whether the gun belonged to him. - “... (Does/Did) the gun belong to you?” asked the policeman.

7. David asked his daughter when she would get back. - “When ... (would you get/will you get/have you got) back?” asked David.

8. Diana asked me what time the film started. - “What time ... did/does the film start?” asked Diana.

9. A passer-by asked me where the nearest toilet was. - “Where ... (was/has been/is) the nearest toilet?” asked a passer-by.

10. She wondered who would buy that car. - “Who ... (will/would) buy that car?” she wondered.

6. Времена глаголов

1. Выберите из скобок глагол в правильной форме. Переведите предложения.

1. He … (works/is working) for a big insurance company.

2. Water always … (boils/is boiling) at 100 degrees.

3. I … (wait/am waiting) for my doctor at the moment.

4. Bob, stop! You … (eat/are eating) too fast.

5. She … (has/is having) four brothers.

6. Switch off the radio, please. You … (don't listen/aren't listening) to it.

7. I know my bad habit: I often … (talk/am talking) too loudly.

8. Look at the picture. An elegant lady … (rides/is riding) a horse.

9. Give me some salt, please. I … (make/am making) seafood salad.

10. Mary never … (speaks/is speaking) to strange people.

2. Используйте глагол в скобках в одном предложении дважды: в Present Simple и в Present Continuous.

Н-р: Tom usually … in the office but today he … at the exhibition. (work) - Tom usually works in the office but today he is working at the exhibition. (Обычно Том работает в офисе, но сегодня он работает на выставке.)

1. I always … orange juice but now I … peach juice. (drink)

2. She … a shower at the moment, though she usually … it in the morning. (take)

3. Mum often … cherry-pies but this evening she … an apple-pie. (bake)

4. As a rule we … to football matches but this Sunday we… to a hockey match. (go)

5. Marta usually … jeans but today she … a dress. (wear)

3. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Мои родители живут в Австралии.

2. Ты любишь орехи?

3. Ты постоянно занимаешь деньги!

4. Я пользуюсь мобильным телефоном каждый день.

5. Сегодня мы наряжаем новогоднюю елку.

6. У Карла нет братьев.

7. Почему ты смеешься?

8. Джон говорит на трех языках.

9. Сейчас не идет дождь.

10. Мы не помним его адрес.

4. Выберите подходящий по смыслу глагол и поставьте его в предложение в форме Present Simple или Present Continuous.

to stay - to eat - to play - to wash - to cry - to wait - to watch - to wear - to start - to ride

1. Every Thursday they … fish.

2. Hurry up! The kids … for you.

3. Ron is in Italy now. He … at a 5-star hotel.

4. Normally Mike … work at 9 a.m.

5. They … billiards at weekends.

6. She … a bike right now.

7. Little Nick is a quiet boy. He never … .

8. Dad … TV news regularly.

9. My sister … the floor in the kitchen at the moment.

10. My wife … contact lenses every day.

5. Составьте из данных слов предложения, используя Past Simple и Past Continuous.

Н-р: The police - come - while - I - have - lunch. - The police came while I was having lunch. (Полиция пришла в то время, как я обедал.)

1. The rain - start - while - we - drive - home.

2. He - see - a fox - while - he - wait - for the taxi.

3. Victor - visit - a lot of museums - while - he - stay - in France.

4. My wife - cook - breakfast - when - she - burn - her hand.

5. Jane - play - the piano - when - the phone - ring.

6. Полицейский расспрашивает миссис Крофт о том, чем она занималась в пятницу вечером. Поставьте глаголы из скобок в одно из времен, обращая особое внимание на вопросительные предложения.

- What time … (you/get) home from work on Friday evening?

- I think at 7 p.m.

- OK. And what … (you/do) after you came?

- I watched TV.

- Did anything happen while … (you/watch) TV?

- Well. Yes, my mobile … (ring).

- What … (you/do) when your son came from college?

- I was drinking a cup of tea.

- … (you/watch) TV at 9 in the evening?

- No, I … (read) a book in my bed.

7. Поставьте глаголы из скобок в необходимую форму.

1. Newton … (make) a great discovery while he … (sit) under an apple tree.

2. They … (stop) inside the shop because it … (rain) hard outside.

3. Beethoven … (write) his tenth symphony when he … (die).

4. When I … (open) the window I was happy to see that it … (snow).

5. When our guests … (arrive) we … (make) our salads.

6. I … (stand) in a queue when somebody … (grab) my bag.

7. Our granny … (fall) asleep while she … (read) a fairy-tale to us.

8. I … (find) my ring when I … (water) the flowers in the garden.

9. When father … (open) the door she … (play) computer games.

10. Elizabeth … (wear) a fabulous dress when I … (see) her at the party.

8. Выберите правильный вариант глагола из скобок и переведите разговор.

- … (Have you ever been/Did you ever go) to England?

- Yes, I … (have been/went) to Oxford last spring.

- … (Have you liked/Did you like) the city?

- Yes, I … (have/did). I … (have visited/visited) a lot of colleges there.

- And … (have you been/did you go) to London?

- No, but I … (have already bought/already bought) the tickets to London.

9. Следующие вопросы с глаголом в Present Perfect имеют два варианта ответа: в Present Perfect и в Past Simple. Поставьте глаголы или вспомогательные глаголы в ответах в необходимой форме (в отрицательной, где это необходимо).

Н-р: Have you read that book? - No, I … . (No, I haven't.)

Yes, I … it last year. (Yes, I read it last year.)

Ты читал эту книгу? - Нет, не читал.

Да, я читал ее в прошлом году.

1. Have you fed the cats? - Yes, I … . / Yes, I … them before dinner.

2. Has she ever eaten snails? - No, she … . / Yes, she … them in Italy last summer.

3. Have they found the photos? - No, they … . / Yes, they … them yesterday.

4. Have you planted the tulips? - No, I … yet. / Yes, I … them on Friday.

5. Has he already seen your garden? - Yes, he … . / Yes, he … it a month ago.

10. Дополните диалоги глаголами в необходимой форме (Present Perfect или Past Simple).

1. I … (see) Tom last night. - Oh, really. I … (not meet) him for ages.

2. We … (never hear) this song before. Is it famous in your country? - Yes, it is. It … (be) quite popular here for many years.

3. What … (do) last Sunday? - I … (spend) it at home. - Oh, that's great! I … (not spend) my weekends at home since last year.

4. … (you ever win) a cooking contest? - Yes, I … (win) in 2008.

5. When … (you meet) Alice for the first time? - We … (meet) each other in 1997. - So how long … (you be) best friends? - We … (be) friends for more than 15 years.

11. Переведите предложения.

1. Концерт только что начался. А вчера он начался намного позже.

2. Он сломал ногу в прошлом году. С тех пор он еще не катался на коньках.

3. Вот твои туфли. Я их только что почистила. - Спасибо, но я их чистила вчера вечером.

4. Как долго ты работаешь в этом магазине? - В течение 5 лет. - А когда ты стал менеджером? - Полгода назад.

5. Мой брат написал несколько романов. Вчера он закончил десятую книгу.

6. Где ты был? Я уже закончила обедать.

7. Ты когда-нибудь пробовал бросить курить? - Я пытался два года назад, но потом я начал толстеть.

8. Вы слышали новость? Наши соседи переехали в Германию. - Когда они переехали? - На прошлой неделе.

9. Я никогда не спал в палатке, но я спал на скамейке прошлым летом.

10. Сегодня очень туманно с самого утра. Вчера тоже было туманно.

1. Поставьте в диалоге глаголы из скобок в форме Future Simple или Future Continuous.

- Well, Alex. When I ... (come round) tomorrow? Is 6 p.m. OK?

- Yes, I ... (wait) for you tomorrow evening but please, don't come at 6. I think I ... (work) then.

- OK. What time you ... (be) free?

- I ... (paint) the portrait from 3 till 7 p.m. So I ... (not be) busy at 7.30. Or maybe in the morning?

- Sorry, but I've got an appointment with my dentist tomorrow morning. I'm afraid my doctor still ... (fill) my bad tooth in the morning.

- I see. Poor you! By the way, you ... (be) near the chemist's?

- Probably. It's just round the corner from the clinic. I ... (pass by) it on my way to the dentist.

- Could you buy this medicine for me, please?

- Sure. No problem. So, I ... (see) you later. Bye.

2. Поставьте глаголы из скобок в форме Future Simple или Future Continuous.

1. I ... (send) you a postcard from Spain.

2. She ... (stay) at Sunrise Hotel if you need her.

3. Miss Richards ... (attend) a lecture from 2 till 5 p.m. today.

4. We ... (wash) those dirty dishes when we come home from work.

5. I know that Jerry ... (stand) on the platform and ... (wave) his hand when our train arrives.

6. Your dress ... (be) ready in half an hour.

7. The New Year ... (start) at midnight.

8. He ... (not return) to that island anymore.

9. Sandra ... (enjoy) her vacation in a ski-resort at this time next year.

10. I ... (not work) in the library tomorrow evening.

3. В каждой паре предложений поставьте глагол в одной из форм: Future Simple или Future Continuous.

1. to fly

We ... to India this summer. - We ... to India at this time next Saturday.

2. to drive

I can give you a lift to the office in a couple of minutes, I ... that way anyway. - If you are late I ... you to school.

3. to take

Don't call me at 7 a.m., I ... a shower. - I'm hot, I ... a shower after work.

4. to cross

Our offroadster ... the dessert when we repair it. - Our offroadster ... the dessert this time tomorrow.

5. to read

Our granny ... 3 fairy-tales to us in the evening. - Our granny ... a fairy-tale to us when mum and dad come home.

7. Страдательный залог

1. Поставьте глагол в форму пассивного залога настоящего времени.

1. French ... (speak) in many countries of the world. (На французском говорят во многих странах мира.)

2. The parcel already ... (send). (Посылку уже отправили.)

3. Detective stories always ... (sell) well. (Детективные рассказы всегда распродаются хорошо.)

4. We ... (not allow) to go far from the house. (Нам не разрешают уходить далеко от дома.)

5. Look! Our car ... (follow) by a police car. (Смотри! Нашу машину преследует полицейская машина.)

6. In winter the ground ... (cover) with the snow. (Зимой земля покрыта снегом.)

7. Help yourself! These cakes just ... (make). (Угощайтесь! Эти пирожные приготовлены только что.)

8. Stop here. The bridge ... (reconstruct) at the moment. (Остановитесь здесь. В данный момент мост реконструируется.)

2. Измените предложения в действительном залоге на страдательный.

Например: We have sent for the doctor. (Мы послали за доктором.) - The doctor has been sent for. (За доктором послали.)

1. I can feel that somebody is watching me. (Я чувствую, что кто-то наблюдает за мной.)

2. Our boss often offers us some extra-work. (Наш начальник часто предлагает нам дополнительную работу.)

3. They have just painted that bench. (Они только что покрасили эту скамейку.)

4. Liza is letting her flat at 100 dollars. (Лиза сдает свою квартиру за 100 долларов.)

5. They serve breakfast at 7.30 in this hotel. (В этом отеле завтрак подают в 7.30.)

6. They don't deliver the mail at weekends. (Почту не доставляют по выходным.)

3. Составьте по два предложения в пассивном залоге.

Например: Mark gives birds some bread. (Марк дает птицам немного хлеба.) - Birds are given some bread. (Птицам дают немного хлеба.), Some bread is given to birds. (Немного хлеба дают птицам.)

1. I have paid the driver $20. (Я заплатил водителю 20 долларов.)

2. The magician is telling them a secret. (Волшебник рассказывает им секрет.)

3. My uncle teaches me Italian. (Мой дядя учит меня итальянскому.)

4. She has shown us new photos. (Она показала нам новые фотографии.)

5. Bob asks me a lot of questions. (Боб задает мне много вопросов.)

4. Составьте вопросительные предложения, начиная с предложенных слов.

1. These souvenirs are made in Japan. (Эти сувениры делают в Японии.) - Where ... ?

2. My favourite programme is shown on TV every Friday. (Мою любимую передачу показывают по ТВ каждую пятницу.) - Where ... ? How often ... ?

3. My smartphone is being repaired now. (Мой смартфон сейчас ремонтируют.) - Why ...? Where ...?

4. Thousands of cars have been exported to Britain this year. (Тысячи машин были экспортированы в Британию в этом году.) - Where ...? How many cars ...?

5. Поставьте глагол в форму пассивного залога настоящего времени.

1. French ... (speak) in many countries of the world. (На французском говорят во многих странах мира.)

2. The parcel already ... (send). (Посылку уже отправили.)

3. Detective stories always ... (sell) well. (Детективные рассказы всегда распродаются хорошо.)

4. We ... (not allow) to go far from the house. (Нам не разрешают уходить далеко от дома.)

5. Look! Our car ... (follow) by a police car. (Смотри! Нашу машину преследует полицейская машина.)

6. In winter the ground ... (cover) with the snow. (Зимой земля покрыта снегом.)

7. Help yourself! These cakes just ... (make). (Угощайтесь! Эти пирожные приготовлены только что.)

8. Stop here. The bridge ... (reconstruct) at the moment. (Остановитесь здесь. В данный момент мост реконструируется.)

6. Измените предложения в действительном залоге на страдательный.

Например: We have sent for the doctor. (Мы послали за доктором.) - The doctor has been sent for. (За доктором послали.)

1. I can feel that somebody is watching me. (Я чувствую, что кто-то наблюдает за мной.)

2. Our boss often offers us some extra-work. (Наш начальник часто предлагает нам дополнительную работу.)

3. They have just painted that bench. (Они только что покрасили эту скамейку.)

4. Liza is letting her flat at 100 dollars. (Лиза сдает свою квартиру за 100 долларов.)

5. They serve breakfast at 7.30 in this hotel. (В этом отеле завтрак подают в 7.30.)

6. They don't deliver the mail at weekends. (Почту не доставляют по выходным.)

7. Составьте по два предложения в пассивном залоге.

Например: Mark gives birds some bread. (Марк дает птицам немного хлеба.) - Birds are given some bread. (Птицам дают немного хлеба.), Some bread is given to birds. (Немного хлеба дают птицам.)

8. I have paid the driver $20. (Я заплатил водителю 20 долларов.)

9. The magician is telling them a secret. (Волшебник рассказывает им секрет.)

10. My uncle teaches me Italian. (Мой дядя учит меня итальянскому.)

11. She has shown us new photos. (Она показала нам новые фотографии.)

12. Bob asks me a lot of questions. (Боб задает мне много вопросов.)

1. Поставьте глагол в форму пассивного залога будущего времени.

1. Some new paintings ... (exhibit) in our gallery next week. (Несколько новых картин будет представлено в нашей галерее на следующей неделе.)

2. Stay away from that horse. Otherwise you ... (bite) by it. (Держитесь подальше от той лошади. Иначе будете ею укушены.)

3. I'm afraid this text ... (not translate) by the beginning of next lesson. (Боюсь, что этот текст не будет переведен к началу следующего урока.)

4. I'm sure the first prize ... (win) by our team. (Уверен, что первое место будет выиграно нашей командой.)

5. Steve ... (meet) at the airport. (Стива встретят в аэропорту.)

6. You ... (not ask) any questions by the landlord. (Арендодатель тебя ни о чем не спросит.)

7. Don't worry. Your grandfather ... (look after) properly. (Не беспокойтесь. За вашим дедушкой будут хорошо ухаживать.)

8. My essay ... (finish) by 5 p.m. tomorrow. (Мое эссе будет завершено завтра к пяти часам.)

2. Измените предложения в действительном залоге на страдательный.

Например : Four countries will sign this agreement. (Четыре государства подпишут этот договор.) - This agreement will be signed by four countries. (Этот договор будет подписан четырьмя странами.)

1. They will sing a lot of folk songs. (Они споют много народных песен.)

2. The police will definitely catch the thief tonight. (Полиция точно поймает грабителя сегодня вечером.)

3. I will praise the best students at the end of my lecture. (Я похвалю лучших студентов в конце своей лекции.)

4. They won't have built that hotel by this autumn. (Они не построят тот отель к этой осени.)

5. We shall paint the roof tomorrow morning. (Мы покрасим крышу завтра утром.)

6. Tom will have left Brazil by the end of the year. (Том уедет из Бразилии к концу года.)

7. They won't use this room. (Они не будут пользоваться этой комнатой.)

8. Mother will serve dinner in a few minutes. (Мама подаст ужин через несколько минут.)

Образец личного письма

Dear John,

Thanks for your letter - I really enjoyed it. Life in Canada sounds great! I hope I can come out and visit you one day.

I haven't got a big family - just one brother and one sister. My mum's a teacher at the university, and my dad's got his own business. My brother's studying Computer Science at collage. My sister's only five and she starts school next month - she's really excited about that.

My town is quite big. It's on the coast and I live near the harbour. There are lots of things to do so it's quite exciting. It's popular with tourists and gets very crowed in summer.

Write back soon!

Your

Anna

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