Philosophical concept of the relationship between geovalues,geoculture and geopolitics as factors of global world formation

S.Huntington argues that modern world geoculture has entered a new phase, when the source of conflict is not ideology or economic causes, but the sphere of culture, the confrontation of different civilizations. Geocultural considerations are found in the works of domestic scientists of the late nineteenth - early twentieth century. M. Hrushevsky was one of the first to formulate and analyze the spatial and geographical orientations of Ukrainian geoculture, its main geopolitical vectors, predicted the "Black Sea orientation", considered the western geocultural direction, determined the special value of "natural orientation". The geopolitical concept of equilibrium between East and West, proposed by M. Hrushevsky, has been considered by domestic scholars at different times.

I. Lysnyak-Rudnytsky made a significant contribution to the further development of this concept, believing that complementary western and eastern geocultural influences took place at all stages of Ukrainian history. S. Rudnytsky puts forward concepts based on the synthesis of geographical, historical, political and legal sciences. At the end of the twentieth century, the first works on the problems of Ukrainian geoculture and geopolitics appeared, including the works of V. Voronkova, V. Bekh, F. Rudych, V. Kremen, V. Tkachenko, M. Mykhalchenko. The leading idea of these works is that the authors see the overcoming of the original East-West confrontation through a cultural and political synthesis of the civilizational heritage of each nation. The Ukrainian geocultural paradigm as a component of modern philosophical and political science is just beginning to be developed in this context, where the central role is played by the relationship between geopolitics and geoculture as factors in shaping the global world.

Geocultural values and geocultural are the subject field of this study, the development of which allows us to clarify in the course of cognitive analysis all the necessary philosophical characteristics of this phenomenon, namely: a) to establish their semantic nature, essence, content and form; b) its generation by man; c) to form their own worldview prism on the holistic worldview of values, because in our field of view there is a planet and the peoples who inhabit it - are their producers, carriers and protect them from axiological and political external influences; d) to determine the ideology of finding answers to the above tasks in the paradigm of the selected scientific research; e) to consider the social and cultural organism of the planet as a dispositive, which at the same time unites peoples with universal values, and regional and ethno-national values, on the contrary, divides and opposes them among themselves; g) analyze and form a categorical apparatus, or a common semantic field (knowledge of needs, values, interests and norms, law, policy / management), g) formalize the existing flow of social information, which carries the necessary axiological meanings for analytical work; h) select tools and form the methodology of our further search work, etc. Analysis of scientific approaches to the subject of the study found that the concepts of "geovaluation" and "geoculture" in this study and show their relationship with geopolitics, which we consider as a philosophical concept that sees in foreign policy a decisive role of cultural and geographical factors.

Purpose and formation of the goals of the article (task statement).

The methodological basis of the study is the general philosophical principles of objectivity and historicism, universal connection and development, historical and logical, dialectical, axiological and hermeneutic methods and a systematic approach based on the universal laws of nature and society. Given that the social, economic and cultural organism of the planet is an object of functional origin, a positive role as a tool of cognitive analysis should play modern methodological foundations of research on the organization of systems based on the principle of integrity, systemicity and organization. functionality as the main property of the organization. The article focuses on the search for the foundations of philosophical understanding of new trends in integration-disintegration. One of the scientific principles and methodological approaches is the principle of holism, which focuses research on a multifaceted analysis of social and cultural phenomena. An important methodological approach to the study is also the analysis of the integration and disintegrationof universal values of material and spiritual origin into regional and national. In this regard, it seems effective to use a modeling method in which the "base model" is projected at a specific, in this case, the planetary, regional and national levels. Since methodological pluralism prevails in modern humanities, traditional philosophical methods (dialectical, phenomenological, hermeneutic, axiological, culturological, synergetic) in these conditions work most fruitfully on the basis of the principle of composition (complementarity).

F Brodel emphasizes that civilization is not identical to the world order and therefore there are several civilizations in the world. F. Brodel proceeded from the fact that any community that was once a separate geoeconomy, later even integrated into a more capacious geoeconomic space, retains the potential of a special civilization and a separate self-consciousness. Let us return to I. Wallerstein, who contradicts F. Brodel, noting that there are as many civilizations in the world as there are world economies, that is, one, and so geoculture is also one, planetary, while the past of the people does not affect its current position. in the world system. In most cases, geoculture is generated by a certain civilization. In some cases, geoculture may go beyond a single branch of civilization. In this case, a certain geoculture can be offered to humanity as an ideal cultural model. In this context, we will consider the geoculture of devel- opmentalism, Westernization, postmodernism, globalization, and so on. The current state of scientific knowledge allows us to talk about the versatility and alternativeness of any new trends in modern life. It is with this approach that the current state of geoculture in the interpretation of globalization should be considered. It is an indisputable fact that the West has a leading position in globalization processes, but its right to monopolize the positive achievements of globalization and to blame the rest of the world for the negative ones is less indisputable. In the context of modern geocultural development of the country can be classified according to the ratio of their internal and external factors of development. This is the main geopolitical paradox of Westernization, namely: Europe's strategy towards other countries was pluralistic, consistent with the internal diversity of Europe itself. The modern geopolitical experience of the consolidated West shows that the creative-pluralistic character is gradually lost, becoming monovariant. The complication of the latest Westernization process in the post-Soviet countries is due to the fact that after the Bolshevik purges, the national origins of cultures began to disappear due to their weakness, and to the fact that the West itself became less open and less moralistic. There is a certain contradiction, which was marked by anti-Western tendencies of the beginning of the XXI century. This scenario is related to the behavior of Western civilization, which is manifested in NATO's militaristic activities with the subsequent consolidation of the West as a system that opposes the West and, according to the logic of this confrontation, becomes increasingly aggressive. It should be emphasized that this behavior in the form of its extreme expression can lead to World War III. Westernization is part of a more general geocultural process, which in the scientific literature is called modernization. In this topic, the cultural identity of each country loses relevance and recedes into the background, and the technocratic comes to the fore. Conditions for the formation of geoculture and its components in the context of cultural globalization

Note the fact that the formation of universal culture and the spread of cultural globalization contributes to the number and intensity of international relations - political, economic, communication, and, finally, cultural. A cultural phenomenon that occurs in one region or sphere of life is spreading rapidly around the world and is reflected in the nature of the development of different areas of public life in different countries. The tendencies of cultural globalization are realized at the moment when any social group shows a desire to accept the elements of universal culture that are appropriate to its level of development and opportunities. Let us consider the main concepts of modernization, among which, given the geocultural theme, a special place is occupied by developmentalism, which serves as a justification for the transformation of underdeveloped countries into capitalist ones with a fairly high level of development.Developmentalism has been proposed as one of the areas of political analysis that examines the study of political dynamics and processes of transition to new forms of social order, mainly in developing countries. This theory of modernism has a special role in the development of research on political regimes. To achieve the goal of our study, it is extremely important that in the world theoretical heritage there are two types of philosophical and historical concepts of culture - global-world and local-historical [2, p.199]. Of course, it is better to start figuring out the meaning of terms from philosophical sources, because they concentrate the achievements of science in this area. Therefore, it makes sense to refer to the "Philosophical Encyclopedic Dictionary", which states: "in a broad sense, culture is a set of manifestations of the life achievements and creativity of peoples. Culture, which is considered in terms of content, is divided into different areas of the sphere: morals and customs, language and writing, the nature of clothing, settlements, work, education, economics. The nature of the army, the socio-political system, the judiciary, science, technology, art, religion, all forms of manifestation of the objective spirit of a certain people. Such phenomena allow us to speak about the extent to which the bearers of culture have remained true to the essence of their culture. The difference between culture and civilization is that culture is a manifestation and result of self-expression of the will of a people or individual ("cultural person"), while civilization is a set of technological achievements and associated comfort "[3, p. 229]. Culture is defined as "care, improvement, ennoblementof physical, mental and spiritual strength, inclinations and abilities of man, and hence the degree of their development; respectively distinguish between body culture, soul culture and spiritual culture; a set of ways and methods of organization, implementation and progress of human life, ways of human existence; a set of material and spiritual possessions, expressing the historically achieved level of development of society and man, embodied in the results of productive activities; localized in space and time socio-historical formation, which is specified either by historical types, or by ethnic, continental or regional characteristics of society "[2, p. 386]. The philosophical dictionary "Man and the World" by N. Khamitov and S. Krylova defines culture in a slightly different way [4]. (1999): "Culture - the process and result of human developmentof the world. Strictly speaking, culture is a special human being generated by the processes of cognition and creativity. Culture is the interpenetration of the processes of cognition and creativity and the results of these processes in the form of works- objects: theories, artifacts of art, etc. In the world of culture, the individual is introduced by the will to knowledge and the will to creativity, which raises the being of the individual above the will to power"[4, p. 113]. From the standpoint of sociology, the category of "culture" is used in close cooperation with the category of "society". Their relationship is natural, because for each culture, society is a key prerequisite, and vice versa, for each society is inherent in culture as a product and as a condition for continued existence. That is why the problem of culture requires a natural connection with the problems of society. Sociological scientific thought offers the following definition and hermeneutization of the phenomenon of "culture", namely - culture - is: 1) everything created by mankind in the past, present and what will be done in the future in the spiritual, social and material spheres (anthropological understanding); 2) a specific, not genetically inherited set of ways, forms, orientations of human activity, their interaction with the environment, which are generated to maintain the structures and processes of social life (general sociological understanding); 3) inherent in a particular group or community system of collectively accepted values, patterns and norms of behavior, activities and communication (narrow sociological understanding). Sociology deals with culture as a social phenomenon, ie studies culture as accessible to observation, empirical means of research social system. From a political point of view, the term "culture" is, according to VP Gorbatenko, a set of material and spiritual values created by mankind throughout its history and various forms of activity aimed at their production, assimilation and application. The concept of "culture" captures the qualitative difference between human life and biological forms of life, as well as the essential originality of historically specific forms of life at different stages of historical development, within certain eras, socio-economic formations, ethnic and national communities (ancient culture, bourgeois culture, Russian culture, Ukrainian culture, etc.). The concept of "culture" also characterizes the features of consciousness, behavior, activities of people in specific areas of society (culture of work, culture of communication, art culture, culture of life, political culture, etc.) [5, p. 179]. Thus, culture is the accumulated experience of humanity in all spheres of life, which characterizes the degree of its (humanity) development. Then it makes sense to clarify the share of "geo" in the main concept of our study. "Geo" when translated from Greek (ge - Earth) means the first component of complex words associated with the Earth, such as geography, geology, geophysics [60]. Therefore, in this study, the share of "geo" in combination with the terms "culture", "values" and "political culture" means a phenomenon that covers or intends to cover the planetary space and function / develop in it through natural mechanisms of anthropogenesis, eth- nogenesis, nation-genesis , sociogenesis, noogenesis, or, conversely, artificial mechanisms of force (military, economic, religious) coercion, political, diplomatic, international influence, moral authority of leaders, and finally, overt and covert manipulation, and others. Note that geocultural values are spiritual and semantic units that reflect the needs of ordinary citizens or their social formations, such as ethnic, national, regional, state, supranational, supranational and interstate entities in meeting their personal and collective vital and social needs. that materialize in geoculture and constantly function in the form of the interests of the people for the protection of which the subject of cultural and historical process is ready to spend and spends its own energy, material and spiritual strength, ie - their own life resources. Therefore, the subject field of our study is divided into three major segments: universal values, regional values and ethno-national values / systems, and therefore its study should use only a systematic approach using such a methodological tool of integration into integrity as a dispositive [6] (for M. Foucault). In the methodological part, we will present this concept in more detail, because it plays a leading role in "consolidating" into a consistent picture universal or global values, special or regional / local values and individual or ethno-national values. Together they constitute the geocultural values or values of the geoculture on which the social world rests and unfolds. It should be noted that geoculture, as a relatively independent phenomenon, is more complex than geovalues, because in addition to values, it also contains an act of behavior or external manifestation of internal activity, the product of which is values and worldview mixed with values. This means that geovalues are by nature always a culturological product. At the same time, geoculture can be studied by other components, such as norms and geobehavior of the subject, the driving force of which may be other factors, such as external coercion, political pressure. Norms of culture are generally accepted rules of interaction within a group or society. According to which some forms of interaction are recommended as desired, supported or disapproved. In this case, the purpose of the study allows us to use them, the concepts of "geovalues" and "geoculture", as synonyms, for example, in the analysis of scientific approaches to the study ofgeovalues or in the evaluation and selection of methodological tools. The norms of geoculture and the geobehavior of the subject in philosophical research are rarely the subject of research. This is more the subject of attention of political scientists. In the theoretical part of this study, they should be more clearly separated as separate semantic units. Next, it makes sense to consider existing scientific approaches to the study of geoculture. Because they, as semantic units, have their otherness in the structure of personality, due to the presence, needs, worldview, consciousness, self-consciousness, superconsciousness, its worldview culture and structure of society: social, political, military, culturological, axiological, ethical, ecological, finally, international spheres and therefore take other forms of their own existence, the study of which are engaged in, in addition to philosophy, and other sciences. The influence of geovalues and geoculture on the formation and development of geopolitics in the context of integration and disintegration processes