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The nature of interrelation of the self-concept characteristics and aspiration characteristics of student-psychologists

Shumikhina A.V.

In the previous works [4, 5] we revealed and proved theses about interrelations between the characteristics of self-concept and aspiration of personality on the material of the conducted author's theoretical-empirical investigation. The purpose of present article consists in studying of direction, force and sign of the interrelations between the complex of the peculiarities of self-concept and aspiration of personality.

The theoretical thesis about the presence of different interpretations of the term “aspiration” is the basis of the represented study. This thesis enables to distinguish purposeful, motivational, personal-dispositional and evaluative aspects of aspiration's study [4]. We define aspiration as the motivational-purposeful personal formation, appearing in an attempt to achievement of subjectively acceptable result in the significant spheres of life activity.

As personal formation, aspiration is characterized by a number of steady peculiarities. On the basis of idea about the characteristics of any system object, aspiration characteristics are divided into spatial, temporal, intensional and informational. The spatial characteristic is defined concretely in the contents of aspiration, including the desired subjectively acceptable achievements of personality in significant spheres of life activity. Aspiration temporal characteristic is manifested through supposed time costs to achieving of ideal goal, to the satisfaction of the need, getting out the framework of present-day situation. The intensional characteristic is realized in a quantity of subject's attempts of aspiration realization. The informational characteristic of aspiration concretize in the degree of detailed of the leading contents of aspiration.

The level of aspirations is the stereotype of the tactics of goal setting [1], typical for personality and empirically fixed in the situation of psychological experiment. It is manifested through the parameters of height, stability, adequacy. Actually the level of aspirations is considered as the situational manifestation of aspiration of personality.

We consider self-concept as the system of the human being ideas about his all possible manifestations, connected with the emotional-value attitude, empirically studied through the complex of spatial, temporal, intensional and informational characteristics [2].

Interrelation of the self-concept (its specific characteristics) and characteristics of aspiration of personality was the object of the present investigation. The purpose consists in studying of aspirations contents and aspirations characteristics of students in relation to the peculiarities of their self-concepts. The hypothesis is that the peculiarities of self-concepts forms determine the specificity of the nature of interrelation (its direction, force and sign) of the characteristics of personal aspiration and the characteristics of self-concept.

Methods of the study are self-description and their content-analysis; questioning; psychological experiment; psychological testing; factor and regression analysis, the criterion of nonparametric statistics. The object of the study was the verbal versions of self-descriptions of 111 1-2 graduate students of psychological department. The selection of respondents is determined, from the one hand, by the peculiarities of the influence of the stage of professional formation on personality [2, 3]; from the other, by the peculiarities of the future profession of psychologist, directing a subject towards the reflection.

On the basis of the leading contents of verbal self-descriptions (according to the results of factor analysis) there are distinguished 4 groups of respondents, differing by certain form of self-concept and appropriate peculiarities of aspiration of personality and the level of aspirations. The intensional characteristic (subjective significance of personal features) of self-concept was the criterion of differentiation of self-concept forms. Significance for the personality of various features contributes to both their larger awareness and stability and to general coordination of self-concept [2]. We define the nature of interrelation between peculiarities of self-concept and person aspiration using the method of multiple regression and the regression graphs.

The conducted investigation revealed following results. “Instrumental-intentional self-concept, directed to the future” is characterized by determining influence of the characteristics of aspiration to the self-concept characteristics. This is manifested in strengthening of the spatial characteristic of self-concept by means of the temporal and informational characteristics of person aspiration. In other words, students postpone the realization of aspiration and aware its content. As a consequence, they focus on own urgent steady, characteristic features.

The subjects with “Expressive self-concept” are characterized by the absence of the interrelations between the characteristics of self-concept and the characteristics of aspiration. This indicates on their relative independence. While the height of selfappraisal and level of aspirations of the students of the second group are directly interconnected with each other.

“Intentional self-concept, directed to the future” is characterized by determining influence of aspiration characteristics to the characteristics of self-concept, by means of the spatial and informational characteristics of aspiration. In this case the spatial and informational characteristics of aspiration exert different in force and sign influence on self-concept characteristics. This is manifested in the fact that aspiration to workmanship and competence decreases the students concentration on urgent life circumstances and events, and it also prevents realization students own desires, intentions and interests.

The subjects with “Instrumental self-concept, directed to the present” are characterized by different direction, force and sign interrelations between self-concept characteristics and characteristics of aspiration. These denote close interaction between mentioned psychological formations. At the same time, the influence of the self-concept characteristics on the characteristics of aspiration is the determinant. In other words, the perception of own steady, characteristic features and awareness of acquirements contribute awareness of aspiration to workmanship and competence.

Thus, the dependence of the nature of interrelation between self-concept and aspiration of personality is established as the result of our theoretic and empirical study. Interrelations differing by direction, sign and force between self-concept characteristics and the characteristics of aspiration are revealed.

The Literature

student psychologist aspiration personality

1. Borozdina L.V., Vidinskaya L. Aspirations and self-appraisal // The bulletin of Moscow University. - Series 14. - Psychology. - 1986. - № 3. - P. 21-30.

2. Dzhaneryan S.T. The professional self-concept: systems analysis. - Rostov-on-Don: RSU, 2004.

3. Dzhaneryan S.T., Prokopyeva E.V. The peculiarities of professional self-concept in the initial stages of the professional making of psychologists // The psychological bulletin of RSU. - 2000. - Vol. 5. - # 2. - P. 219-222.

4. Shumikhina A.V. Theoretic and empirical contradiction in the study of aspirations // Psychology of the 21st century. - St. Petersburg. - 2007. - P. 111-112.

5. Shumikhina A.V. Interrelation of the characteristics of the self-concept forms of studentpsychologists and peculiarities of their aspirations // Russian Psychological journal. - Moscow. - 2008. - Vol. 5. - # 4. - P. 72-74.

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