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Interrelation of the characteristics of the self-concept forms of student-psychologists and peculiarities of their aspirations

In the current situation, when society proposes an increasing quantity of diverse models of attractive and possible future, determination of the interrelation of the person aspirations and self-concept becomes especially urgent for psychology of personality. however, in the psychological literature, firstly, the terms «aspirations» and «the level of aspirations» are not differentiated. They are used as convertible terms or they designate different but connected sides of psychological complex. Secondly, there are studied mainly the characteristics of the level of aspirations, appearing in the situation of laboratory experiment [1]. The stable characteristics of personal aspirations do not enter into the focus of research attention. Thirdly, it is pointed out the interrelation between the aspirations and some elements of self-consciousness [1], but its direction and nature is not definitely established.

On the basis of the developed purposeful, motivational, personal-dispositional and evaluative aspects of aspirations studies [4], we define aspirations as the motivational-purposeful personal formation, appearing in an attempt to achievement of subjectively acceptable result in the significant spheres of life activity. Their characteristics are spatial, temporal, intensional and informational. The spatial characteristics are defined concretely in individual variety, reflecting the contents of significant spheres of life activity, where personal aspirations manifest; in the contents of aspirations, including the desired subjectively acceptable achievements of personality in significant spheres of life activity. Aspirations' temporal characteristics reflect the directivity of aspirations to achieving of ideal goal, to the satisfaction of the need, getting out the framework of present-day situation. The intensional characteristics are realized in contents and strength of aspirations' motivational base; in the contents of subject's obstacles surmounting; in a quantity of subject's attempts of aspirations realization. The informational characteristic of aspirations concretize in the degree of awareness of the leading contents of aspirations.

The level of aspirations is the stereotype of the tactics of goal setting [1], typical for personality and empirically fixed in the situation of psychological experiment. It is manifested through the parameters of height, stability, adequacy. Actually the level of aspirations is considered as the situational manifestation of personal aspirations.

We consider self-concept as the system of the human being ideas about his all possible manifestations, connected with the emotional-value attitude, empirically studied through the complex of spatial, temporal, intensional and informational characteristics [2].

The aspirations of students in relation to the peculiarities of their self-concept were the object of the present investigation; the purpose consists in studying of aspirations contents and aspirations characteristics of students in relation to the peculiarities (contents and characteristic) of their self-concepts; the hypothesis is that the peculiarities of self-concepts forms determine the specificity of the characteristics of personal aspirations and level of aspirations. Methods of the study are self-description and their content-analysis; questioning; psychological experiment; psychological testing; factor and regression analysis, the criterion of nonparametric statistics. The object of the study was the verbal versions of self-descriptions of 111 1-2 graduate students of psychological department. The selection of respondents is determined, from the one hand, by the peculiarities of the influence of the stage of professional formation on personality [2, 3]; from the other, by the peculiarities of the future profession of psychologist, directing a subject towards the reflection.

On the basis of the leading contents of verbal self-descriptions (according to the results of factor analysis) there are distinguished 4 groups of respondents, differing by certain form of self-concept and appropriate peculiarities of personal aspirations and the level of aspirations.

The self-concept of the first group of respondents is differentiated, concentrated on life events and social environment. The subjectively significant features of personality are the instrumental and intentional ones. Self-attitude is based on internal evaluative foundations. Personal self-appraisal has the moderately-high values of height. Personal aspirations of the first group respondents have monotonous contents, average time duration of their realization, and they are determined by the readiness of respondents to apply negligible efforts, have equal degree of awareness of aspirations contents. The level of aspirations is steady, adequate and has the moderately-high values of height.

The respondents of the second group possess the fragmentary, positive selfconcept, oriented to the events of life, concrete life circumstances. The subjectively significant features of personality are the expressive ones. Respondents' self-attitude has both external and internal evaluative foundations. The height of personal selfappraisal has moderately-high values. Personal aspirations are characterized by individual diversity and high degree of awareness of aspirations contents, with the average periods of their realization and subjects' readiness to apply maximum efforts in the prevailing spheres of life activity. The level of aspirations is steady, adequate, and has the moderate-low values of height.

The self-concept of the third group respondents is differentiated, concentrated on the life circumstances and situations, on the periodicity of their appearance. Mainly subjects see themselves desiring and ambitious. Self-attitude is based on the explicit internal and less explicit external evaluative foundations. Respondents possess moderately-low personal self-appraisal. Personal aspirations possess diverse contents, average time duration of their assumed realization, high motivation and readiness of subject to make attempts and to surmount obstacles, and high degree of awareness of the aspirations contents. The level of aspirations is unstable, adequate, and has the moderate-low height.

The self-concept of the fourth group respondents is fragmentary and concentrated on events and circumstances of life, and reflects the periodicity of personal features actualization. The subjectively significant features of personality are the instrumental and expressive ones. Self-attitude is based on the internal evaluative foundations. Selfappraisal has the moderate-low values of height. Personal aspirations are moderately diverse, have high degree of awareness of the aspirations contents, average duration of realization, and high readiness of subjects to apply efforts. The level of aspirations is steady, adequate and it is characterized by the spread of preferences of the selective levels of complexities.

The influence of the characteristics of each self-concept forms on the characteristics of personal aspirations and the parameters of the level of aspirations is established according to the results of regression analysis.

Thus, there are determined the differences between the personal aspirations and the level of aspirations; the differences in contents and characteristics of the self-concept forms of student-psychologists are differentiated and described; the differences in characteristics of personal aspirations and parameters of the level of aspirations in dependence on the form of self-concept are established; it is determined the direction of the interrelation between the characteristics of self-concept and aspirations, namely, the characteristics of respondents self-concept influence on the characteristics of their aspirations.

Literature

self esteem aspiration student psychologist

1. Borozdina L.V., Vidinskaya L. Aspirations and self-appraisal // The bulletin of Moscow University. - Series 14. - Psychology. - 1986. - # 3. - P. 21-30.

2. Dzhaneryan S.T. The professional self-concept: systems analysis. - Rostov-on-Don: RSU, 2004.

3. Dzhaneryan S.T., Prokopyeva E.V. The peculiarities of professional self-concept in the initial stages of the professional making of psychologists // The psychological bulletin of RSU. - 2000. - Vol. 5. - # 2. - P. 219-222.

4. Shumikhina A.V. Theoretic and empirical contradiction in the study of aspirations // Psychology of the 21st Century. - SPb., 2007. - P. 111-112.

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