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39

Features of views of the father of girls aged 15-17

Nozikova N.V.

Annotation

father girls individual family

The article analyses attitude to the father of 15-17 year old girls. The hypothesis assumes a correlation of stable individual characteristics, conditions of socialization and views of the father. The study involved 224 young women who grew up in a family, and 45 young women who grew up in children's homes at the age of 15-17. The author used the method of color metaphors by I.L. Solomin to identify respondents - attitudes to the concepts of the family sphere and to compose psychosemantic characteristics of the concept «my father» for subgroups differing in extraversion, intelligence, locus of control and conditions of education. It is discovered that the girls who were brought up in families associate the concept with the first by emotional value colour. Their concept of «my father» together with the factor of internality is emotionally positive, semantically developed, available for understanding and has a temporal orientation to the future that will direct them to start their own families. As for the girls who were brought up in children's homes, their concept is combined with the eighth negative by emotional value colour, semantically developed and has a temporal orientation to the past that diagnoses their need for psychological aid.

Keywords: consciousness, family orientation, family, father, mother, psychosemantics.

In the process of learning and active reproduction of human experience as a leading family in the formation of social manifestations of his personality special role belongs to the nature of the father-child relationship.

This article discusses the features views of the father of the girls 15-17 years, depending on factors such as the conditions of development in the family or outside the family, the nature of cognitive development and the most stable personality traits such as extroversion, intelligence and locus of subjective control. To achieve this goal, we consider the main approaches to study the role of the father in the formation of personality; particular representations of the father in the structure of consciousness of girls 15-17 years depending on the individual qualities and a nurturing environment.

Social pedagogy of responsible fatherhood, on the conclusion of I. S. Kon, can be built with the understanding of the psychological value of paternity for the child's personality development and for the development of man's personality [7]. Research challenges of fatherhood as a condition of the child yielded results that reveal meaningful patterns and mechanisms of psychology father-child relationship.

Father - is a significant person in the child's life, which contributes to its separation from the mother and behaves qualitatively different from the mother has with her special, married, sexual relations and transmitting child an integral part of the history of his race. Theoretical and empirical data show the important role of the father for his separation processes from the mother, the formation of sexual and gender role identities, emotional and cognitive development and behavior. In the process of socialization of the child's father acts as a second object as a man, as the mother's husband, as a native person [5].

Psychological image is a subjective reflection of the world and in the higher stages of development contains not only substantive relationship, but their genesis categorical affiliation, etc. Mental image of his father is a generalized subjective view of his father in a person formed on the basis of actual experience and interaction history of a perfect representation of it, and in case the father of the family, its image continues to influence the personal development and behavior of the child. Study of the dynamics of the father image in ontogenesis revealed her gender and the greatest degree of sensitivity to the nature of the relationship with his father in the “average” teens 12-13 years [21, 22]. Adoption of a holistic image of the father as a unity of ideal and real qualities determines the formation of a child's self-actualization qualities of his personality, ie such as the acceptance of reality, self, others and the world in general, emotional independence, spontaneity behavior, etc. [8]. Emotional warmth of his father's image in adolescents of different age groups affect their emotional well-being and the formation of sex-role identity [5]. In situations of stress psychological image of the father acts as a resource for coping behavior and personality formation of boys and adolescent girls, depending on the education of the biological father, stepfather or upbringing without a father [15]. Real father or his father's positive image helps teens gain a sense of psychological well-being, learning socially acceptable behaviors and acts psychological barrier to the formation of addictive behaviors in adolescence [1].

Particularly urgent is the problem of formation of family foundations personality girls who do not have a positive experience of childhood parental relationships and demanding psychologically based care. Stay in boarding schools, orphanages creates inadequate conditions for psychological and social perspectives of family formation in adolescence [19].

In the process of ontogenetic formation in the child's mind as a tribute to his mother, father and parental family foundations model of family behavior that determines the need to study the factors and patterns of formation in the mind of the individual in the youthful period of ontogenesis the main characteristics of the family orientation of the individual. Object and Methods

The aim of our research is to conduct a comparative analysis of family orientation in the minds of girls 15-17 years, depending on their individual personal qualities and conditions of socialization in the family or in an orphanage using methods psychosemantic diagnosis.

The object of study was the motivation of family orientation, which is characterized by us as an organic part of the structure of personality and is seen as socially determined orientation is genetically determined mental and biological characteristics and is inextricably linked with the life experience [11].

Hypothesis of the study suggests that individual personality traits and conditions are reflected in the characteristics of socialization ideas in the minds of girls 15-17 years of his father, defining their family orientation. This article provides a comparative analysis of representations of the father in the structure of consciousness of girls depending on personal qualities, the nature of cognitive development and nurturing environment in or outside the family - in an orphanage.

The study was performed using diagnostic psychosemantic hidden motivation, based on the method of color metaphors I. L. Solomin. Accordingly, the purpose of work, 60 were picked up concepts that characterize the relationship to mother, father, family of origin, and the scope of family behavior and motherhood [20]. For diagnostic purposes, individual personality traits used test questionnaire G. Y. Eysenck, allowing the individual to identify individual storage [17, p. 55-61]; short indicative intelligence test E. F. Vanderlik [16]; study of subjective control technique developed in the Research Institute V.M. Bekhterev, general internality scale [17, p. 302-311]. About «My family» is used as an additional method of investigation to collect socio-demographic data on the respondents, their relation to the conscious future family and unborn child.

On the basis of theoretical propositions about periodization personal development and psychology of family behavior and motherhood simulated sample on demographic indicators of gender, age and conditions of education in the family or outside the family. The study involved 269 student grades 10-11 schools, living in families and children's homes in the city of Khabarovsk in the 15-17 age group.

Planning studies representations of the father of girls 15-17 years is shown in Table 1. A group of girls 224 people, brought up in the family, according to the results of diagnostics personal qualities section 1) into two subgroups of quality extraversion (129 pers.) and introversion (95 pers.), 2) and then into two subgroups of internality (102 pers.) and externalities (122 pers.) 3) subgroups in terms of normal (113 pers.) and reduced level of intellectual development (111 pers.).

Table 1 Planning of the ideas of his father, depending on the personal qualities and conditions of education of girls 15-17 years

Distribution of test scores for the entire sample represented normal histograms and smooth curves with positive kurtosis, with satisfactory accuracy that allows us to assume normal distribution parameters and conclude good psychometric qualities of the selected methods.

Statistical processing and calculation of Student t-test showed that the differences between the mean values extraversion level of subjective control and intelligence in samples of girls and children's homes are statistically significant c high significance of the differences that, when б = 0,05 for these indicators is 0,000000, as shown in Table 2.

This allowed pupils to consider a subgroup of children's homes as a single factor in relation to the family orientation, in contrast to subgroups of girls brought up in the family.

Table 2 Comparison of testing schoolgirls and children's homes by Student t-test for independent samples (at б = 0,05)

Processing results for subgroups according to the method of color metaphors

I. L. Solomin was carried out using a computer program in BASIC, which reliability and representativeness of the sample size. Results of the study

Questionnaire on the topic of «My Family» (224 pers.) showed that the majority of girls (60 %) grew up in two-parent families, 13 % live with their mothers and fathers, 1 %, to remarry, 23 % of girls are brought up by a single mother and 3 % - grandparents. Response to the question about the most important conditions necessary for the birth of children, 30 % of girls called love and understanding in the family, 28 % - financial security, 22 % - health. The presence of his apartment (9 %), the conclusion of a formal marriage (6 %), help from relatives (4 %) and civil marriage (1 %) are less important in relation to the creation of his future family and maternity.

Analysis of the biographical data pupils spent on personal business in orphanages showed that the reason girls room orphanage in 64 % of cases become social disadvantage families (recognizing parents missing or deprived of parental rights), 36 % of children suffered the death of a parent. If the majority of schoolgirls grew up in families with two or one child (91 %), then 78 % of the families children's homes were large families (three or more children). Children's homes are more pragmatic in their demands to the conditions of marriage and the birth of the child and, realizing the value of emotional well-being in the family, also attached high importance of the status of an official marriage, the presence of his apartment and material security. Consequently, the questionnaire be preceded by a study of family-oriented focus girls, showed that both groups had the experience and perceptions of family life, which were formed in different social contexts.

For girls these subgroups composed psychological characteristics of the concept of «my father» on the basis of diagnosis by color metaphors.

Criteria for comparison groups were selected: rank emotional appeal; factor semantic development and awareness of the analyzed concepts in the mind of the test; temporal vector semantics of the system of concepts in mind. Analysis of representations of the father in the structure of consciousness of girls 15-17 years depending on the individual qualities and conditions of education is shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Representation of the father in the structure of consciousness of girls 15-17 years depending on the individual qualities and a nurturing environment

The first criterion for the analysis of the results - the rank of the emotional appeal of the concepts for the respondent depends on the order of choice of color, with which it is associated. For example, the association with the most attractive color for the respondent indicates its highly positive attitude towards this concept. Marking one color concepts indirectly indicates their subjective similarity [20].

Analysis of the emotional appeal of representations of the father in the structure of consciousness of girls brought up in the family showed that the concept of «my father» is associated with the first rank the most attractive to them at the time of the study color. In contrast, girls who were brought up in an orphanage, this concept is combined with the latter leading to eight colors and emotionally perceived as a negative factor.

The second criterion factor analysis of semantic development and awareness concept involves identifying associative relations in the minds of the concept to other concepts analyzed the scope or lack thereof, insulation concepts.

The notion that «highlights some of the subject area and collects (generalizes) objects by pointing to their common and distinguishing feature», reflects the full meaning of the phenomenon [9, c. 719-721], can be regarded as a fully formed and reached its maturity. Conversely, the absence of evidence of associations presumably isolation concepts in the mind of the subject, the possible displacement due to painful experiences related by virtue of their social unacceptability or conflict with other motives.

Lack of association may also be a consequence of its unformed, immature [20].

For example, in a study N. V. Nozikovoy revealed that women regardless of personal qualities and conditions of socialization in the family or in an orphanage, emotionally positive (first rank in attractiveness) refer to the concept of «my mother», is associated with him other concepts of family sphere and identify themselves with the image of mother that ensures the continuity of the maternal role and combines family generation [11, 12, 14].

The concept of «my father» in the minds of girls discussed in this article, by contrast, has no association to other concepts for subgroups of respondents allocated by factors of extraversion and intellectual development, which allows to conclude that the unformed, immature or unavailable for awareness.

The third criterion for the analysis of social and psychological maturity of familyoriented focus of girls may be its relationship to ideas about the future and about their future family, ie with reference to the future temporal vector system semantics of concepts in the mind.

Development processes personal identity, ways for self-realization, the search for meaning in life, becoming a social orientation in adolescence are closely linked with the development of time perspective. Life plan, facing the future, by definition, L. I. Bozovic, constitute the «affective center» youth [3]. In 15-16 years, notes I. S. Con, personal interest moves from «I in the present tense» to «I'm in the future» [6].

The study features family-oriented focus of girls depending on age using the technique of semantic differential performed N. V. Nozikovoy, identified in adolescence change from the past to future date temporal vector semantics of concepts that define the family orientation of the individual. Temporal orientation toward the future semantic concepts family sphere becomes neoplasm adolescence, girls guide to making your future family and motherhood [11, 13].

Analysis of the results in this study in the third criterion - the temporal orientation of the system of concepts in the mind, shows that for a group of girls aged 15-17 years, were brought up in a family environment and having internal locus of subjective control, the concept of «my father» is interconnected with other concepts of the family sphere, in general semantically focused on future life, perhaps idealized.

Consider compared presentation of the father of the girls who grew up in the family and have quality internality, and the pupils of the orphanage with a distinct personality warehouse determines the quality of internality, introversion, and reduced intelligence.

Responsibility is a key characteristic that distinguishes a mature social identity from social immaturity, by definition, A. A. Reana. The liability is determined by internal internal'nym (myself responsible for what happens to me) or external, externality

(responsibility of the other people on the external circumstances etc.) locus of control [18]. Study severity qualities internality groups and law-abiding illegal behavior of teenagers formed S. V. Bykov, enables the understanding of the locus of control measure of social responsibility of the person [4]. The correlation between high levels of internality men with a high degree of satisfaction with the marriage his wife [10]. The liability of the spouses in various spheres of human relations correlate with the degree of satisfaction with marriage and family roles distribution features [23]. Psychological characteristics of mothers, including the level of subjective control, linked to the manifestation of delinquent behavior in adolescents [2].

In our study group of subjects who were brought up in the family and having internal locus of control, has the concept of «my father», associated with the concepts of «happiness», «my mother», «ideal family», «my future husband», «my unborn child» and the first to rank emotional M. Luscher color test. Consequently, girls interanalyt brought up in the family, the concept of «my father» has the highest positive emotional semantically quite harmoniously reflects its family content, semantically directed to the future and is combined with a perfect representation of his future family.

Group of pupils of children's homes on the results of diagnostics has special individual and personal qualities of internality, introversion and decreased intellectual development. The girls of the group representation of the father associated with the most obnoxious color and a number of other concepts of family sphere («children», «baby», «my parent family» and «my real»).

Semantically father associated with children and even babies, and perhaps the perception of women require the same care. Presentation about a father and parent family linked in their minds with valid now unpleasant experiences. Consequently, the lack of adequate experience of parental relationship and the presence of traces in the psyche psycho transferred from children's homes are combined with particular psychological makeup of the individual and specific semantic structure of the concept of «my father», that requires psychological help.

Analysis of the results allows us to conclude that the characteristics of positive emotional coloring, harmoniously developed semantic content of the concept, its realization in relation to other concepts of the spheres of human activity, as well as with the time vector semantics directed to the future, determine the degree of maturity of the concepts of family socio-psychological orientation in human consciousness.

Conclusions

1. Degree of emotional appeal, semantic development and direction of the vector of temporal concepts can serve as qualitative criteria of social and psychological maturity concepts of family oriented person.

2. Emotionally positive attitude towards the father of the girls, brought up in a family is formed, regardless of their personal qualities.

3. The concept of «my father» is associated with other concepts with family sphere, ie is semantically developed and accessible to awareness, has temporal orientation toward the future when the relationship with the factor of internal locus of control and focuses on the creation of his family in the future.

4. The concept of «my father» has no association to other concepts of family sphere, ie semantically immature and inaccessible to consciousness, when considered in conjunction with the factors of extraversion, externalities control and intelligence of girls 15-17 years old who were brought up in the family.

5. For girls who were brought up in an orphanage, the submission of the father associated with valid now unpleasant, stressful emotional experiences that determines the need for special counseling.

In general, education in a family environment, the development of quality social responsibility (internal'nym control), emotionally positive attitude, focus on the future, semantic associations, revealing common and distinctive features of the concept, define maturity achieve quality family sphere in adolescence. These patterns are of value for the planning and implementation of preventive measures for psychological formation of reproductive behavior in subsequent periods of ontogeny.

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