Games with the Supernatural: Magical Reality in the Everyday Life
Penetration of magic reality in domains of modern life through interactive computer games and the internet. Psychological studies of modern people and their belief in magical reality that is usually subconscious. Reasons of addiction to computer games.
| Рубрика | Психология |
| Вид | статья |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 06.04.2019 |
| Размер файла | 37,0 K |
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The simplest way to get in touch with Wonderland is using hallucinogenic substances, from alcohol to cocaine, but this is a damaging and dangerous way. It is much better to go to a nice concert, read a good book or let oneself be carried away by a daydream, but for this one needs education and powerful imagination - the skills of understanding music, pondering over a book and the ability to dream. A more accessible way is to “buy a dream”, by plunging into the virtual reality of a cinema or a computer game. By identifying themselves with movie characters, people can experience the illusion of their own value and power. By plunging into Wonderland, we temporarily get out of monotonous predictability of everyday life. In this way magical thinking fills the existential vacuum that torments many people today. Entertainment and computer industries exploit the need of modern people in accessible ways of getting in touch with magical reality by filling the market with movies and electronic games. There exists also a more positive trend in exploiting people's magical thinking -- using magical thinking for psychotherapy and the development of imagination [31]. Yet, as recent studies in psychology have shown, the penetration of Wonderland in the life of modern people goes beyond magical thinking alone.
Experiments have revealed that in modern educated adults the belief in the supernatural did not cease to exist. Under the pressure of science, this belief descended into the subconscious. Nevertheless, like the roots of an “inverted tree” that grow upwards from the underground, the belief in magic permeates various domains of our modern life: Economics, medicine, morality, art, politics, education, and theories of modern physics and astronomy [32][33][34][35]. This hidden belief in the supernatural can explain phenomena of modern life, which without such belief remain unexplained. Why do rational people, when they are faced with choices in economics, often follow the laws of magic rather than common logic? What makes modern educated individuals follow political ideas that contradict the individuals' conscious interests? Why does the placebo effect exist? Where from do suicidal terrorists take their courage to commit actions of self-destruction? How is it possible that some people make moral choices and sacrifice their private interests even when there is no surveillance? Why do some scientists call the work of the brain magical? How is it possible that the whole universe once had the volume smaller than a grain of sand?
Excursions into Wonderland are not for entertainment only; we need them to fill the existential gap in our souls. Our tendency to engage with the supernatural, sometimes at a great cost, reminded me of Rapa Nui people who live on Easter Island lost in the vastness of the Pacific. The history of this people is sometimes quoted as an example of a wasteful attitude of the inhabitants to their natural resources. For the sake of transportation and erection of giant stone statues called Moai the inhabitants completely destroyed the island's luxurious palm grows; without the building material for rafts and canoes the islanders were unable to fish and their culture fell into decay.
This may be true, but what would this small island be without its Moai statues? It would remain an insignificant little island, one of thousands of such islands scattered around the ocean. Rapa Nui people would be nothing to say about except that this people is an ethnic group that speak Polynesian language. The whole greatness of Rapa Nui people is in the fact that these people did not simply believe in their gods, but made a creative effort by building the giant statues that impersonated their gods. For physical survival of the people this creative effort was meaningless and self destructive but its cultural significance was immense. The creators of Moai can only be compared with the anonymous artists of the Upper Palaeolithic who covered their caves with magnificent paintings of animals and people, and with the builders of Gothic cathedrals.
Perhaps, all that we call the great achievements of culture is exactly that -- a self-destructive super-effort, which people make against the voices of reason and the instinct of self-preservation, for the unstoppable urge to get in touch with Wonderland. Rapa Nui people were unfortunate since they lacked external sources of restoring the damage caused to their environment by their artistic effort. Modern descendants of this people live a very ordinary life and don't resemble their famous ancestors in any way, but nations of the West stepped on the way of Rapa Nui ancestors. Today billions of dollars are spent on construction of machines, which accelerate elementary particles of matter to the speed of light but don't have any utilitarian value. The same can be said about giant telescopes that can see the remote edges of the visible universe. A final product of these supercolliders and mega-telescopes is the real Wonderland - the series of concepts that disturbs the otherwise consistent and unified temple of modern science. These concepts include the Big Bang, quantum nonlocality, parallel universes and other miracles of modern theoretical physics. Magic is incomprehensible, potentially dangerous, rejected by science and religion, yet it remains irresistibly attractive to people. Experiments have shown that if a person is given a choice of seeing either “real magic” or a new and exciting scientific effect, most people (children and adults alike) choose “real magic” [36]. For children such a choice is understandable, but why do most adults go for it? Could it not be because on the bottom of the heart every person still harbours the belief in that the world of the supernatural is not a dream but reality? Against all odds - theories of science, efforts of school education and testimony of everyday experience - modern people still believe in miracles. Because if Wonderland is real - this might be something. Perhaps, this can even make us immortal.
Библиография
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References (transliterated)
1. www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/rus-pushkin-3tragedies.pdf http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical..geometry
2. Nemeroff C., Rozin P. (2000). The making of the magical mind: The nature and function of sympathetic magical thinking. In Rosengren K. S., Johnson C. N., Harris P. L. (Eds.), Imagining the impossible: Magical, scientific and religious thinking in children (pp. 1-34). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
3. Subbotsky E. (2014). The belief in magic in the age of science. Sage Open, http://sgo.sagepub.com/content/4/1/2158244014521433
4. Lee, C., Linkenauger, S. A., Bakdash, J. Z., Joy-Gaba, J. A., & Profitt, D. R. (2011). Putting Like a Pro: The Role of Positive Contagion in Golf Performance and Perception. PLoS one, Open Access Journal, 6.
5. Subbotsky, E. (2005). The permanence of mental objects: Testing magical thinking on perceived and imaginary realities. Developmental Psychology, 41, 301-318.
6. Subbotsky, E. (2007) Children's and adults' reactions to magical and ordinary suggestion: Are suggestibility and magical thinking psychologically close relatives? British Journal of Psychology, 98, 547-574.
7. Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1973). On the psychology of prediction. Psychological Review, 80, 237-251.
8. Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgement under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 185, 1124-1131.
9. Rozin P., Millman L., & Nemeroff C. (1986). Operation of the laws of sympathetic magic in disgust and other domains. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 703-712.
10. Galbraith, J.K. (2009). The Great Crash 1929. New York: Penguine.
11. Yang, M. & Roskos-Ewoldsen, D. R. (2007). The effectiveness of brand placement in the movies: Levels of placements, explicit and implicit memory, and brand-choice behavior. Journal of Communication, 57, 469-489. http://www.pageout.net/user/www/j/d/jd1050/Effbrandpl.pdf
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16. Kaptchuk, T. J., Friedlander, E., Kelley, J. M., et al. (2010). Placebos without deception: A randomized control trial in Irritable Bowel Syndrome. PLoS ONE http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3008733/
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28. Subbotsky, E. (2016). The barrier for robots. Subjective experience as a magical phenomenon. SENTENTIA. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 3, 44-63. http://e-notabene.ru/psen/article_21104.html
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33. Subbotskii E. (2013). Rossiya v nakoldovannom sne. SENTENTIA. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences,10, 40-83. http://www.e-notabene.ru/psp/article_11353.html
34. Subbotskii, E. (2014). Nauchit'sya u Garri Pottera. SENTENTIA. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2, 52-93. http://e-notabene.ru/psp/article_12159.html
35. Subbotskii E. (2014). Planetarii chudes: Magiya v gostyakh u fiziki. SENTENTIA. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 3, 175-220 (for the English version see “Miracles in Law: Magical Underpinning of Physical Universe”, SENTENTIA. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, accepted)
36. Subbotsky E. (2010). Curiosity and exploratory behaviour towards possible and impossible events in children and adults. British Journal of Psychology, 2010, 101, 481-501.
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