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Abstract

Suicidal behavior in the structure of protective methods of overcoming migration and educational stress by foreign students

V.V. Ruzhenkova

Belgorod National Research University, Belgorod, Russia;

Medical students who come to study in another country experience certain difficulties in adapting to the norms and values of the host culture, as well as significant academic stress, accompanied by anxiety and depression. This study aimed to develop recommendations for overcoming the educational stress by medical students who came from other countries on the basis of studying its prevalence, phenomenological manifestations and determining factors. Material and methods. A solid sample consisting of 166 students from 1 to 3 courses was examined using the medico- sociological and psychometric methods. All students arrived from the countries of the Middle East and India, do not speak Russian and was trained in the intermediate language (English) at the medical institute. Nonparametric statistical methods were used to process the results. Results. It is found that foreign students in the first months of adaptation experienced stress, which was accompanied by internal forms of suicidal behavior in 44% of cases. At the same time, the severity of suicidal thoughts on a 10 point scale was 5-9 points in 29.7% of first-year students, 27.3% in sophomores and 14% in third-year students. The main symptoms of stress are the influx of extraneous thoughts, depression, irritability, anxiety, as well as vegetative symptoms (rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, headaches, and problems with the gastrointestinal tract) that are part of the depressive and anxiety-depressive syndromes which are the psychopathological basis for the occurrence of suicidal behavior. It should be noted that suicidal thoughts were more frequent among students experiencing medium and serious difficulties during their studies (U=630.0; Z = -2.16; p=0.031). The probability of depression in first-year students is 2.6 times higher (OR=2.6; 95%; CI=1.2-5.7) than in the second and is found in 31% and 17.8% of students, respectively (%²=6.3; df=1; p=0.013). Anxiety of varying severity was observed in 50% of 1st-year students and 35% of the second and third. To overcome the stress, students use infusions of herbs and non-prescription sedative drugs. At the same time, students who had suicidal thoughts in the period of adaptation, more often than students without suicidal thoughts, took infusions of herbs (p=0.002) and nonprescription sedatives (p=0.016) to overcome the stress. From 1 to 3 courses there is an increase in the number of foreign students who use alcohol and who resort to tobacco smoking. The conclusion. This requires training students in constructive ways to overcome stress, proper time planning, methods of optimal work with educational literature, which will help to overcome migration and educational stress, and will improve adaptive opportunities.

Keywords: educational stress, migration stress, medical students, suicidal behavior, autoaggressive behavior

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