The role of psychological knowledge in marketing communications

Highlighting the peculiarities of the implementation of the results of psychological research for the development of marketing. Analysis of the main influence of psychological knowledge on the effectiveness of marketing communications and advertising.

Рубрика Психология
Вид статья
Язык английский
Дата добавления 26.12.2023
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Polytechnic Institute

National Technical University

The role of psychological knowledge in marketing communications

Yevheniia Vorobieva

PhD in pedagogy, associate professor of the department of pedagogy and psychology of social systems management by the academician I. Zyazyun

Kharkiv, Ukraine

Abstract

The article highlights the peculiarities of implementing the results of psychological research for the development of marketing. It is also analyzed that psychological knowledge has a direct impact on the effectiveness of marketing communications and advertising.

The basic principles on which the use of triggers in marketing communications is based are defined.

The article contains the author's own interpretation of the directions of development of the marketing psychologist's activity in modern conditions.

Key words: psychological knowledge; marketing; marketing communications; trigger; marketing psychologist.

Анотація

Євгенія Воробйова

кандидат педагогічних наук, доцент кафедри педагогіки і психології управління соціальними системами ім. академіка І. Зязюна, Національний технічний університет “Харківський політехнічний інститут”; Харків, Україна

РОЛЬ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИХ ЗНАНЬ У МАРКЕТИНГОВИХ КОМУНІКАЦІЯХ

Анотація: висвітлено особливості запровадження результатів психологічних досліджень для розвитку маркетингу. Також проаналізовано, що психологічне знання має безпосередній вплив на ефективність маркетингових комунікацій та реклами.

Визначено базові принципи, на яких ґрунтується застосування тригерів у маркетингових комунікаціях.

Стаття містить авторське трактування напрямів розвитку діяльності маркетингового психолога в сучасних умовах.

Ключові слова: психологічні знання; маркетинг; маркетингові комунікації; тригер; маркетинговий психолог.

Євгенія Воробйова

Розширена анотація для ознайомлення з цією темою:

“Роль психологічних знань у маркетингових комунікаціях”

Постановка проблеми в загальному вигляді та її зв 'язок із важливими науковими чи практичними завданнями. Маркетинг і психологія нерозривно пов'язані між собою, оскільки більшість маркетингових методик базуються на результатах психологічних досліджень і ґрунтуються на відомих психологічних принципах.

Варто зазначити, що для того, щоб впливати на людину, потрібно знати, як це робити більш ефективно. У цьому контексті на допомогу приходять саме тригери - різноманітні психологічні техніки. А, отже, психологічні знання стають ключовим фактором у формуванні системи сучасних маркетингових комунікацій. Теоретичними основами щодо підготовки студентів у цьому напрямі слугували новітні документи про освіту, а саме: Закон України “Про освіту”,

Державний стандарт вищої освіти за спеціальністю 053 “Психологія” для першого (бакалаврського) рівня вищої освіти, залучено результати досліджень щодо здійснення професійної психологічної освіти й реалізації міжпредметної інтеграції у ЗВО. Зміст курсів одо реалізації тематики дослідження відображено в робочих програмах, навчально-методичних рекомендаціях, робочих зошитах тощо. Таким чином, психологічні знання та компетенції стають запорукою успішного маркетингу в цілому та сучасних маркетингових комунікацій зокрема.

Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій, у яких започатковано розв 'язання цієї проблеми і на які спирається автор. Питання психології в маркетингу опосередковано розглядалися вченими ще за часів гештальтпсихології, такими як М. Вертгеймер, К. Коффка [1] та іншими психологами, які вивчали психологію людських бажань і мотивації. Перші зареєстровані згадки про психологію в науковому маркетинговому середовищі датуються 1998-1999 роками, коли такі вчені, як Ф. Котлер, Г. Армстронг і Д. Сондерс [2, 3] опублікували свою працю “Основи маркетингу”, де описали основні принципи психології поведінки споживачів. Важливість і постійна актуальність психології в маркетингу в цілому і в маркетингових комунікаціях зокрема були неодноразово доведені та підтверджені багатьма вченими.

Невтомна дослідницька робота, започаткована ще в 10-х роках минулого століття Вертгеймером, триває й донині. Сучасні психологи, маркетологи та науковці, які активно займаються вивченням та систематизацією знань про людей, їх поведінку та психологію, а також активно інтегрують ці знання в маркетинговий ринок.

Серед останніх досліджень і публікацій варто відзначити роботи Т. Компанієць, яка досліджувала особливості використання технологій психологічного впливу в рекламі як маркетингових інструментів підвищення купівельної спроможності [4]; А. Рябчик, яка проаналізувала, систематизувала та узагальнила найпоширеніші методи психологічного впливу на поведінку споживачів, що можуть бути використані в рекламі [5]; О. Євсейцевої, яка дослідила психологічні аспекти вивчення поведінки споживачів та розглянула моделі сприйняття та обробки інформації [6].

З огляду на стрімке зростання уваги до психології реклами, активне вивчення науковцями психологічних принципів, особливостей, механізмів та засобів успішного продажу продукції, виникає об 'єктивна необхідність подальшого, більш глибокого дослідження окремих важливих питань, зокрема використання методів психологічного впливу на споживача та його поведінку в сучасній рекламі.

У світовій маркетинговій практиці поряд з традиційною рекламою зараз використовується великий арсенал методів просування (рекламування та продажу) товарів і послуг, які отримали назву маркетингових комунікацій. Це змушує звернути особливу увагу на ці нові форми рекламного впливу. У вітчизняній і зарубіжній науково-прикладній літературі налічується близько 30 різних маркетингових комунікацій, “ідеологічною основою” яких є традиційна реклама.

Виділення не вирішених раніше частин загальної проблеми, котрим присвячується дана стаття. Незважаючи на те, що маркетингові комунікації передбачають глибоке розуміння соціально- психологічних механізмів взаємодії та взаємовпливу людей один на одного, експериментальні психологічні дослідження в цій галузі в нашій країні до останнього часу не проводилися.

Формулювання цілей статті (постановка завдання). На основі аналізу сучасних тенденцій розвитку маркетингу та маркетингових комунікацій, які базуються переважно на психологічних засадах, метою дослідження є визначення напрямів розвитку сучасних психологічних засад, що сприятимуть підвищенню ефективності маркетингових комунікацій, окреслення новітніх сфер діяльності психолога-маркетолога як суб 'єкта діяльності.

Виклад основного матеріалу дослідження з повним обґрунтуванням отриманих наукових результатів. Основою психології маркетингових комунікацій є концепція психології людських бажань, мотивацій та реакцій на процес комунікації в цілому. Об 'єктом дослідження є людина- споживач (або потенційний споживач), предметом - бажання, реакції, мотивації, дії та їх алгоритмічна і логічна послідовність. Важливими для маркетингової комунікації людськими факторами є реакції на ту чи іншу рекламну пропозицію. Поведінкова складова також вивчається і є важливою.

Тому психологія людської поведінки та її глибокий аналіз, при правильному вивченні, дають можливість робити висновки та прогнози щодо поведінкової форми споживача, а отже, прогнозувати наступні кроки споживача та їхнє подальше коригування в маркетингових цілях. Без розуміння хоча б базової психології жоден із інструментів маркетингових комунікацій не буде працювати належним чином, адже першим кроком до запуску маркетингової стратегії є вивчення цільової аудиторії. Цільова аудиторія - це вибірка, сегментована частина людей за певними ознаками, об 'єднана з метою вивчення для подальшого ефективного просування продукту. Успіх будь-якої маркетингової стратегії залежить від якості збору та аналізу даних про аудиторію, кількості та якості сегментації.

У першій половині ХХ століття психолог Джон Б. Вотсон створив концепцію біхевіоризму, яка сьогодні дає відповіді питання про ланцюжок людських реакцій. Що стосується коригування поведінки, модифікації цього ланцюжка реакцій, що практично необхідно для маркетолога, то його вивчав і розробляв Б. Скіннер, відомий американський винахідник. Він висунув теорію оперантного обумовлення, суть якої полягає в послідовному впливі поведінки на саму поведінку. Розуміння та доведення справедливості цієї теорії дозволило дійти висновку, що у випадку використання брендингу як інструменту отримання довгострокових результатів.

Тригер - це буквально “спусковий гачок ”, який може викликати у споживачів потрібні емоції: радість, страх,

здивування, гнів тощо. Під впливом цих емоцій споживачі здійснюють покупки. Найчастіше тригери представлені у вигляді “правильних” слів або фраз у повідомленні, але це також можуть бути елементи дизайну (наприклад, лічильник клієнтів на сайті, лічильник зі зворотним відліком до кінця акції або проста наклейка, яка вказує на те, що кількість товару обмежена).

Щоб правильно використовувати тригери в рекламі, потрібно добре знати свою цільову аудиторію. Ще одним важливим моментом є кількість тригерів в одному зверненні - велика кількість різних принципів може ввести споживача в оману, і він не виконає цільову дію. Щоб досягти максимальної ефективності, потрібно визначитися, які емоції ви хочете викликати у споживача і на чому зіграти, а потім створювати своє рекламне повідомлення.

Таким чином, проаналізувавши вищевикладений матеріал, визначаємо маркетингову психологію як окрему галузь психології.

На думку авторки цієї публікації, маркетингова психологія - це практика синхронізації маркетингового контенту, комунікації та стратегій з поведінковими проявами людини, які вивчаються та демонструються за допомогою психологічних досліджень. Погляд на маркетингові кампанії через психологічну призму дає маркетологам багато інформації, оскільки включає в себе основні елементи психології. У свою чергу, елементи психології включають в себе те, як люди відчувають, думають і поводяться, що в сукупності дозволяє маркетологам налагоджувати зв 'язок із цільовими аудиторіями, впливати на поведінку клієнтів і оптимізувати бізнес- результати.

Маркетинговий психолог - це фахівець у галузі психології, який співпрацює з організаціями, щоб визначити, як найкраще заохотити споживачів купувати певний продукт. Це частина галузі психології, відомої як індустріально- організаційна психологія. Психологи- маркетологи можуть працювати як у конкретній компанії, так і в консалтингових фірмах, які консультують різні відділи маркетингу.

Problem setting

Marketing and psychology are inextricably linked, as most marketing techniques are based on the results of psychological research and are based on well-known psychological principles. It is worth noting that to influence a person, you need to know how to do it more effectively. In this context, it is triggers - a variety of psychological techniques - that come to the rescue. And, therefore, psychological knowledge is becoming a key factor in the formation of a system of modern marketing communications.

Thus, psychological knowledge and competencies become the key to successful marketing in general and modern marketing communications in particular.. psychological marketing communication advertising

Recent research and publication analysis. The issues of psychology in marketing were indirectly addressed by scientists back in the days of Gestalt psychology, such as M. Wertheimer, K. Koffka and other psychologists who studied the psychology of human desires and motivation. The first registered mention of psychology in the scientific marketing environment dates back to 1998-1999, when such scientists as F. Kotler, G. Armstrong and J. Saunders published their work “Fundamentals of Marketing”, where they described the basic principles of consumer behavioral psychology. The importance and constant relevance of psychology in marketing in general and in marketing communications in particular have been repeatedly proven and confirmed by many scientists.

The tireless research work that began in the 10s by Wertheimer continues to this day.

U. Indyk, O. Lysenko, M. Vlasov are modern psychologists, marketers and scientists who are actively engaged in the study and systematization of knowledge about people, their behavior and psychology, and actively integrate this knowledge into the marketing market.

In particular, psychological foundations in advertising and advertising activities should be considered inseparably from marketing psychology. Thus, the theoretical and methodological and some practical aspects of advertising psychology as a branch of psychological science in general have been studied by domestic and foreign scientists, namely: F. Barden, J. Berger, L. Gerash chenko, P. Graves, R. Dooley, P Gurevich, Zazykin, O. Lebedev-Lubimov, M. Lind- strom, R. Mokshantsev, E. Plessy, V. Shuvanov and others.

Among the latest research and publications are the works of T. Kompaniets, who studied the peculiarities of using psychological influence technologies in advertising as marketing tools to increase purchasing power [5]; A. Ryabchyk, who analyzed, systematized and summarized the most common methods of psychological influence on consumer behavior that can be used in advertising [6]; O. Yevseitseva, who studied the psychological aspects of studying consumer behavior and considered the model of perception and processing of information.

Given the rapid growth of attention to the psychology of advertising, the active study by scientists of psychological principles, features, mechanisms and means of successful product sales, there is an objective need for further, deeper research into certain important issues, in particular, the use of methods of psychological influence on the consumer and his behavior in modern advertising.

Highlighting the previously unresolved parts of the general problem to which this article is devoted. In the global marketing practice, along with traditional advertising, a large arsenal of methods of promoting (advertising and selling) goods and services, called marketing communications, is now used. This makes us pay special attention to these new forms of advertising influence. In the domestic and foreign scientific and applied literature, there are about 30 different marketing communications, the “ideological basis” of which is traditional advertising.

Among the marketing communications that have become widespread in a market economy, the most popular are the following:

public relations is a set of measures that allow a company or person to create a positive image in the public consciousness, primarily based on the media;

direct marketing - measures to establish personal contacts in absentia, primarily through mail correspondence between the seller and the client;

sales promotion - measures that allow to stimulate purchases based on discounts, bonuses, lotteries, coupons, savings, collections, etc;

product placement - the introduction of brands, logos and other advertising information into artistic works (books, films, television programs);

personal selling - direct communication between the seller (consultant) and the client (buyer) at the point of sale or in places not directly intended for sale;

merchandising - ergonomic (design) design of retail premises, interiors, halls, showcases, etc;

sampling - various tastings, car test drives, “couch shopping”, etc;

exhibition - a public demonstration of goods or capabilities of the company with the invitation of potential wholesale buyers, for example, to get acquainted with new types of products (fashion shows, car shows, etc.);

event marketing - public advertising events, which are often carried out in the form of some kind of mass shows (for example, flash mobs) and others.

The trend of recent decades in the global and domestic economy is a decrease in the volume of traditional advertising and the widespread use of technologies for promoting goods and services based on new marketing communications.

However, despite the fact that marketing communications involve a deep understanding of the social and psychological mechanisms of interaction and mutual influence of people on each other, no experimental psychological research in this area has been conducted in our country until recently.

Paper objective

Based on the analysis of modern trends in the development of marketing and marketing communications, which are based mainly on psychological principles, the purpose of the article can be defined as outlining the directions of development of modern psychological principles that will increase the effectiveness of marketing communications. It is also necessary to identify the newest areas of activity of a marketing psychologist as a subject of activity.

Paper main body

The basis for the psychology of marketing communication is the concept of the psychology of human desires, motivations and reactions to the communication process in general. The object of the study is the human consumer (or potential consumer), the subject is desires, reactions, motivations, actions and their algorithmic and logical sequence. The human factors that are important for marketing communication are reactions to a particular advertising offer. The behavioral component is also studied and is important.

Therefore, the psychology of human behavior and its in-depth analysis, when properly studied, make it possible to draw conclusions and predictions about the behavioral form of the consumer, and therefore to predict the next steps of the consumer and their further adjustment for marketing purposes. Without understanding at least basic psychology, none of the marketing communication tools will work properly, because the first step to starting a marketing strategy is to study the target audience. The target audience is a sample, a segmented part of people by certain characteristics, united for the purpose of studying for further effective promotion of the product. The success of any marketing strategy depends on the quality of audience data collection and analysis, the quantity and quality of segmentation.

In the first half of the twentieth century, psychologist John B. Watson was actively developing a systematic approach to the study of human behavior in various situations, and created the concept of behaviorism, which now provides answers to numerous questions about the chain of human reactions. As for behavioral adjustment, modification of this chain of reactions, which is practically necessary for a marketer, it was studied and developed by Skinner, a famous American inventor. He put forward the theory of operant conditioning, the essence of which is the consequential impact of behavior on behavior itself. Understanding and proving the validity of this theory has led to the conclusion that in the case of using branding as a tool to obtain long-term A trigger is literally a “trigger” that can evoke the right emotions in consumers: joy, fear, surprise, anger, etc. Under the influence of these emotions, consumers make purchases. Most often, triggers are presented in the form of “correct” words or phrases in the message, but they can also be design elements (for example, a customer counter on the site, a counter with a countdown to the end of the promotion, or a simple sticker indicating that the quantity of goods is limited).

Each of these "hooks" is aimed at forcing the consumer to buy the product, provoking fear of not being in time or a desire to join the happy owners of the product, all of which can be divided into groups based on certain principles.

Let's take a closer look at some of its:

The principle of reciprocity is that every person subconsciously tries to reciprocate when someone has done something good for them. In marketing, this principle is used very widely. Companies, trying to demonstrate their special attitude to each client, provide them with bonuses and various pleasantries (and it is not always something expensive). As the saying goes, “attention is the key”, and this attention allows you to increase consumer loyalty to the company and build a certain reciprocity in relations with the company.

The principle of obligation is an important principle that has some similarities with the principle of reciprocity - the only difference is that it makes the consumer “feel obligated”, which makes it more difficult to refuse something. For example, a company places a consumer in a so-called “elite” group and offers special conditions, thereby obliging him or her to agree to these conditions. They may not be very favorable to some extent, but this “elite” status influences decision-making.

The principle of credibility stems from the fact that for a long time the level of trust in authoritative figures has been much higher than in the average consumer. Marketers realized this truth a long time ago, so every company strives to become an authority in its niche - an opinion leader. People are always drawn to authorities, their opinions are listened to, and they are imitated, because authority equals trust, and trust for a company is primarily sales.

The principle of herd mentality can be clearly described by the expression: “Everyone ran, so I ran” - subconsciously, it is much easier for a person to join a group of people than to start acting independently. Marketers often use the herd mentality in advertising, focusing on the number of existing customers (counters on the website, information about goods sold or projects completed, the number of clients, etc.).

Such tricks help to make a decision in favor of joining a group of existing clients, especially if the names of large and well- known companies are mentioned among these clients.

The principle of scarcity is perhaps one of the most effective ways to provoke a consumer to buy a product. If there is a risk of not being in time, the decision is made much faster. But this principle should also be used wisely. If you tell consumers right away that there is a shortage of goods in the warehouse, it will not have the desired effect; it is important that buyers understand that the product is in demand - there was a lot of it at first, but almost all of it was sold out - this kind of message can boost sales of even the most popular products.

The principle of confirmation is that everyone has an idea about certain things. These ideas can be either imposed by someone or conclusions that a person has come to on their own. In any case, if we see confirmation of our opinions, we unwittingly accept this information as true and agree with it. Thus, in order for an advertising message to have the desired effect on the target audience, it must confirm the existing opinion on the issue.

The anchor principle is usually applied to the price of a product or service. In order to create the necessary anchor to the price in the minds of consumers, figures “from the ceiling” are often used. In marketing, this technique is used during promotions and discounts, when an allegedly old price is indicated, which is crossed out, and a new one next to it, which is allegedly several times less than the old one. And even if this new price is extremely high, the price anchor in the minds of consumers has already been established and they are convinced that the purchase is profitable, since the savings are very large.

The principle of certainty states that if a person is sure of something, it is difficult to convince him or her otherwise. Thus, if advertising is able to convince consumers that a product is a solution to some problems, even if not all, but some, then it is highly likely that they will buy it. Everyone is prone to exaggerating their capabilities, and we all have crazy ideas that we either voice or keep to ourselves. That's where marketers come in, offering you a product that can help you achieve these "crazy ideas," and how can you refuse such an assistant.

The principle of innovation is not based on the fact that new products always attract attention. It is enough to present a product as something new and the demand for it will immediately increase. The fact is that every buyer will want to be the first to buy a new product, and few will think about the real benefits of the product. This is how a wave of fashion emerges, which at first is just a trend that people start to follow.

The outcome principle is based on the statement that it is enough to see a lottery winner to believe that this is a completely logical outcome for any player, but this opinion is wrong, because there is a huge distance between the game and the win. The same happens with goods - the seller describes their theoretical benefits, but says nothing about the product itself, and the consumer begins to evaluate the result of the purchase, not the decision to buy.

The principle of prohibition can be formulated on the basis of a well-known saying: “Forbidden fruit is sweet!” This statement applies to almost everything, and especially to goods. It is enough to say that something is forbidden, as everyone immediately wants to try it.

There are many examples in history - the ban on ideological books that were passed down orally; the ban on freedom of speech and various protests. People are inquisitive by nature and want to know the secret, information that is extremely secret and not available to everyone. So offer the consumer the “forbidden fruit” and they will buy it without hesitation.

To use triggers in your ads correctly, you need to know your target audience well. Another important point is the number of triggers used in one appeal - this is not a case where the more the merrier. A large number of different principles can mislead the consumer and they will not perform the targeted action. To achieve maximum effectiveness, you need to decide what emotions you want to evoke in the consumer and what to play on, and then create your advertising message based on this.

Thus, after analyzing the above material, we can define marketing psychology as a separate branch of psychology.

According to the author, marketing psychology is the practice of synchronizing marketing content, communication and strategies with human behavioral manifestations that are studied and demonstrated through psychological research. Psychology and marketing provide tools to understand how and why people act in certain ways, as well as the connection to marketing to optimize marketing campaigns. Looking at marketing campaigns through a psychological lens provides marketers with a wealth of information because it incorporates the basic elements of psychology. In turn, the elements of psychology include how people feel, think, and behave, which together enable marketers to connect with target audiences, influence customer behavior, and optimize business results.

The phrase “marketing psychology” is a root term related to neuromarketing. Accordingly, neuromarketing is a field of research that uses neuroscientific methods to study and evaluate consumer behavior and relates it to marketing activities. The concept of neuromarketing provides insights and powerful methods for conducting marketing research and consumer analysis. Scientists and business researchers link specific brain activity and subconscious reactions to consumer preferences, motivations, and expectations. Such information helps marketers predict consumer behavior and is relevant for optimizing marketing campaigns.

Neuromarketing provides insight into consumer minds and the role of consumer emotions in decision-making. Professor Ale Smidts from Erasmus University coined the term, referring to the use of neuroimaging procedures, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, to assess the consumer's subconscious processes, including emotions, needs, desires, and stimuli emanating from images and sounds. The term “neuromarketing” comes from three fields: neuroscience, marketing, and psychology.

Thus, it can be noted that in addition to a separate area of psychology, such as marketing psychology or neuromarketing, we can even distinguish the subject of such activity - a marketing psychologist.

A marketing psychologist is a specialist in the field of psychology who works with organizations to determine how best to encourage consumers to buy a particular product. This is part of the field of psychology known as industrial-organizational psychology. Marketing psychologists can work both in a specific company and in consulting firms that advise various marketing departments.

Based on the content and features of determine the content of the marketing this type of activity at the intersection of psychologist's activity (Table 1). psychological and marketing, it is possible to

Table 1 Content of skills of a marketing psychologist

The essence of marketing psychologist skills

Content of marketing psychologist's activity

Organization and conduct of the study

As a marketing psychologist, you may need to conduct research to identify your target audience, create a psychological profile of potential customers, or analyze the effectiveness of a marketing strategy. Understanding the basic principles of research and how to analyze data can help you create strong insights and improve your overall performance. You can practice your research skills by participating in research projects at work, reading research resources, or taking online courses

Organization of activities

Marketing psychologists may work with several projects or clients at the same time, and they need to sort materials by marketing campaigns. They may also need to develop strategies to complete tasks by a certain deadline. Improving your organizational skills will help you keep track of all your responsibilities and materials, and complete your duties on time

Organization of communication

As a marketing psychologist, you may be required to give presentations to marketing teams to advise them on specific strategies or provide insight into their target audience. Sometimes you may also conduct interviews with potential clients to formulate your own proposals. Strengthening your communication skills will help you to communicate more easily with people on a professional level, and will also improve your ability to offer clear proposals

Use of modern technologies

Marketing psychologists can use a variety of technologies or computer programs to conduct research and provide advice on how to increase customer purchases. You may use spreadsheets to track data, slide designers to create presentations for clients and executives, or customer management and analytics software to generate data that can help you develop marketing proposals. Consider taking classes or reading educational resources about the programs you typically use to improve your technology skills

Application of marketing knowledge

One of the main responsibilities of a marketing psychologist is to advise people who create marketing campaigns. By learning more about marketing concepts and procedures, you can better understand what strategies your clients can use to attract more customers. You can find a job as a marketer or take college classes to help you improve your marketing knowledge

Implementation of psychology knowledge

In addition to understanding general marketing techniques, a marketing psychologist may need to know how people behave in certain circumstances. An in-depth knowledge of psychology can help psychologists evaluate leads and provide marketing insights for their clients. You can learn more about psychology by earning a master's or doctoral degree in psychology, taking a certification course, or reading professional psychology publications

Thus, the impact of psychological knowledge on marketing and marketing communications is not only related to the effectiveness of marketing, but can also be considered in the context of the activities of a marketing psychologist.

Conclusions of the research

Thus, it is possible to determine the relationship of psychological knowledge with marketing and marketing communications. It is also worth noting the importance of psychological knowledge for the effective development of marketing communications. In addition, the study identified a new direction in the work of a psychologist - a marketing psychologist, which involves observing and analyzing consumers to determine their behavior.

Thus, the further direction of research in the field of marketing psychology involves identifying the current areas of work of a marketing psychologist, specifying the basic competencies and tools for their formation and development.

Список літератури

1. Максименко С. Загальна психологія / С. Максименко // Підручник. За заг. ред. академіка Максименка С. - 2-е вид. пер. і доп. - Вінниця: Нова книга. - 2004. - С. 704

2. Kotler, F., Armstronh, H., Vonh, V., Sonders, D. (2012), “Fundamentals of Marketing”,“ID “Vilyams””

3. Котлер Ф. Маркетинг від А до Я. / Ф. Котлер. - Альпіна Паблішер. - 2019. - С. 736

4. Компанієць Т. Психологічні аспекти реклами як інструменту успішного збуту продукції / Т. Компанієць // Вісник Бердянського університету менеджменту і бізнесу. - 2015. - № 2. - С. 46 - 49

5. Рябчик А. Методи психологічного впливу в реклам / А. Рябчик // Ефективна економіка. - № 11. - 2018. - [електронний ресурс].

6. Євсейцева О., Потєха Д. Психологічні аспекти вивчення поведінки споживачів / О. Євсейцева, Д. Потєха // Інвестиції: практика та досвід. - № 10. - 2016. - С. 30 - 34

7. Maksymenko, S. (2004), “General psychology”, Under the editorship of academician Maksymenko S., Textbook, 2nd ed:, Vinnytsia: New Book, p. 704

8. Kotler F., Armstronh H., Kotler, F., Armstronh, H., Vonh, V., Sonders, D. (2012), “Fundamentals of Marketing”,“ID “Vilyams””

9. Kotler Ph. (2019), “Marketing from A to Z”, Alpina Publisher, p. 736

10. Kompaniiets, T. (2015), “Psychological aspects of advertising as an instrument of successful sales of products”, Bulletin of Berdyansk University of Management and Business], no. 2, pp. 46 - 49

11. Riabchyk, A. (2018), “Methods of psychological influence in advertising”, Effective economy, no. 11,

12. Yevseitseva, O., Potiekha, D. (2016), “Psychological aspects of studying consumer behavior”, Investments: practice and experience, no. 10, pp. 30 - 34

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