Relationship between motivation and self confidence in sports

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Pondicherry University

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOTIVATION AND SELF CONFIDENCE IN SPORTS

Liya K.V., MPEd student

Sera M., MPEd student

Niya E.G., MPEd student

Abstract

motivation sport self confidence

Motivation is a multifaceted characteristic possessed by humans that initiates, directs, and drives persistence on a particular task. Motivation influences what tasks or projects individuals may elect to do and how much time and resources they are willing to put into it and their personal feelings toward that particular task. Motivation is a broad based term and encompasses a great many aspects of individual as well as collective behavior. Whether it is in work, study, or sports, individuals or groups are needed to be motivated to strive and respond to the incoming stimuli. The fact that self-confidence in sport is crucial yet fragile makes it an intriguing and fruitful area for scholarly inquiry in sport psychology.Self confidence is the belief that you can successfully perform a desired behavior. It is an attitude about skills and abilities or trusting himself. It depends on the positive thinking and negative thinking on himself. If the individual think positive on his performance the self confidence increases and if think negatively the self confidence may decrease.

Keywords: Self Confidence, Motivation, Athletes

Introduction

Self-confidence and motivation are the factors that could enhance sportive performance and therefore they have been widely researched by the researchers researching psychological aspects of sportive performance. Self Confidence and Motivation are two factors in sports that enhance the performance of the athletes and so there are wide researches conducted by many researchers regarding the psychological aspects of sports performance. In this today world many means and methods are used to increase the athletic performance which includes using various nutritional supplements, technological advancements, using latest sports products, through systematic and up to date training plans, statistical methods are followed to get the accurate data regarding the performance of athletes and also match analysis to know the mistakes that they have done in matches. Sports psychology is a widely accepted area which helps to improve sports performance and psychological aspects are applied in this field for excellent performance during competition.

Self Confidence

Self-confidence is an individual's belief that he or she can be successful. Self-confidence is proposed to be context-specific to specific tasks and some people could display this feature through a wide range of activities. Self confidence is also similar to self-efficacy suggested by self-efficacy theory. As defined by self-efficacy theory, four factors enhance self-efficacy. These factors are successful performances (competence), vicarious experience, v erbal persuasion (including praise and encouragement), and arousal. Self-confidence is simply defined to be a self-perceived measure of one's belief in one's own abilities which is dependent upon contextual background and setting. In order to deal with self confidence, it is important to clearly state what actually it is according to different definitions. Self-confidence is the feeling of worthy that one feels for himself/ herself. Self confidence is a general feature of personality; it is not a temporary attitude. Similarly, defined self-confidence as rather than a general feature, it is a belief of a person that they can successfully achieve an activity and individuals ' trust to their own judgment, ability, strength and decisions. As it is seen from the definitions, self-confidence is one of the factors that could affect many factors in individuals' daily experiences. It is stated that self-confidence level of a person could positively or negatively affect many components in one's life. For example, researchers, previously, stated that self-confidence could positively affect performance. Furthermore, stated that, when self-confidence level of an athlete is high, he/she can focus on what they are doing. Furthermore, athletes with low self-confidence could worry about their coming performance or they can think about other people's opinion about their performance. However, athletes with high self-confidence do not worry about the same thinks as athletes with lower self-confidence. Self confidence has been widely research in the last decades and self-confidence, for instance was proposed to affect students' academic performance. In contrast, it should also be noted that high self-confidence can sometimes result in complacency or the underestimation of a weak opponent which could result in inadequate alertness, lack of focus, and/or carelessness. Therefore it could be suggested that there is an optimal level for self-confidence that athletes should have.

Motivation

Studies on motivation examine the processes that energize and direct behaviour. Motivation is a motivative (moving) power that stimulates, directs people to do their desirable behaviours. Motivation is also the power that makes people to sustain the intended behaviour. Motivation increases a person 's performance and his/her commitment to their organizations. In contrast, lack of motivation negatively affects productivity. Motivation could affect learning and performance by four ways:

- Increases individuals' energy and working level;

- Directs individuals to certain aims;

- Directs individuals to initiation of an activity and makes them to sustain it;

- Affects learning strategy and cognitive processes of individuals.

Motivation is an internal condition that initiates, manages and sustains an action. It can also be thought as an inner energy or mental power that helps people to reach their aims. Basically there are two basic types of motivations which are intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. Extrinsic motivation is affecting behaviour through influences which are independent from personality, for instance, verbal praise, rewarding with an object, acknowledgement; verbal scolding, punishment, forbidding participation do not thus satisfy human needs, rather they are important for the adjustment to the expectations of the environment. However, intrinsic motivation helps to satisfy human needs, irrespective of the expectations of the environment; the purpose of intrinsically motivated behaviour is not an external factor. In intrinsically motivated activities, the behaviour originates from the self. Intrinsic motivation occurs if an individual engages voluntarily in an activity for its own sake, however, extrinsic motivation appears if an individual is motivated by external factors which are for example; rewards and social recognition.

Relationship between Self Confidence and Motivation In Sports. There was significant difference between males and females in intrinsic motivation and amotivation. Males showed higher scores on intrinsic motivation and lower scores on amotivation. So this means that males tend to be intrinsically motivated for learning new things. When comparing with females males have high scores in amotivation and this shows when compared to females they are not intrinsically or extrinsically motivated for doing their sports and are found to not to know why actually they practice their sports. There was a positive relationship between sports experience and self confidence, the more we practice the more we feel confident. Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation and their sub-dimensions were positively correlated with self-confidence. When athletes become highly confident it will positively enhance performance which in turn makes them motivated to practice their sports. Amotivation and self confidence were found to be negatively correlating. So lower self confidence can lead to higher amotivation.

Conclusion

Self-confidence was found to be positively and significantly correlating with intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In addition, amotivation was appeared to be negatively and significantly correlating with self-confidence. It was proposed by the light of the results of this research that self-confidence and athletes' sufficient beliefs about their abilities and their strong self-perceptions could be related to their higher intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to practice their sport. Furthermore, lower self-confidence is related to higher amotivation level of athletes. Lower self-confidence could make athletes incapable of finding a reason to practice their sport. Their disbelief to their abilities could be the reason why they are not motivated to do their sport.

References

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2. Kaur J. Assessment of motivation for sports participation and performance of Panjabi athletes. 1994.

3. Vealey R. S., Chase M. A. Self-confidence in sport. Advances in sport psychology. Human Kinetics, 2008. Pp. 68-97.

4. Kuloor H., Kumar A. Self-confidence and sports. International Journal of Indian Psychology. 2020. Vol. 8 (4), pp. 1-6.

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