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GENDER CHARACTERISTICS AND DEVIANT BEHAVIOUR AS A SOCIAL PROBLEM OF MODERN RUSSIA

Portnenko A.E.

Vladimir, Russia

Content

gender deviant behavior society

So, in 2013, the State Duma of the Russian Federation adopted the Federal Law "On the prohibition of propaganda of non-traditional sexual relations among minors". What are the consequences of this?

In February 2013, the Analytical Center of Yuri Levada conducted a survey of public opinion concerning a complex of problems related to the attitude of the Russian population towards homosexuals and the adopted law. The survey was conducted from January 15^th to January 18^th according to the standard all-Russian sample (1600 people over 18, the statistical error does not exceed 3.4%).

Respondents were asked about their attitude towards homosexuals, understanding the nature of homosexuality, what "propaganda of homosexuality" is, as well as questions about the rights of sexual minorities and attitudes towards the law.

The relative majority of respondents believe that homosexuality is a disease that should be treated (34%). The proposed alternatives can be divided into those that put the cause of homosexuality inside a person - "disease" and "birth-born sexual orientation" (16%), and those that assume that a person becomes homosexual under external influence - "the result of seduction" (17 %) and "bad education" (23%). The first two factors add up to 50%, the second - 40%.

Those who believe that homosexuality is sexual orientation, which has the same right to exist as heterosexual orientation, are calmer and more tolerant in the answers to other questions, they are more educated and provided for, successful. This suggests that fear and aggression arise from ignorance.

In the poll "How do you think you should deal with homosexuals?" 16% think that homosexuals should be isolated from society, 27 and 23 believe that they should be given psychological and other help and left to themselves. 22 - to heal. In general, since 2005, these figures have not been changing much. We can say that the majority (72%) are neutral or want to "help", based on their idea that this is, and 21% choose direct aggression and isolation.

In a situation where instead of the option "physically destroy" the option "liquidate" was proposed, the percentage of people choosing this alternative was significantly higher, in 2008 there were 19%. But, if you look at a similar question, but in which it is proposed to "physically destroy", then we see that in such a formulation, this option gains no more than 5%. It would seem that with the simultaneous availability of such alternatives as: isolate, provide psychological assistance, the option "eliminate" has a very definite significance, especially considering the Soviet past and the history of fascist Germany. However, the meaning of this word is blurry, ambiguous, and may include both isolation and physical extermination. The increased frequency of choosing such an option indicates an aggressive rejection of the "other", "alien", the rejection of personal relations, the habitual submission to state violence and the transfer of responsibility for the "solution of the issue" to the "higher authorities" characteristic of the "Soviet person". The new law revives and strengthens just such complexes and sentiments in public opinion, most characteristic of the social periphery, and in the absence of broad information, fear and aggression will only grow.

The above comparative data clearly indicate that homophobia in Russia, which was declining in the 90s, is growing in the Putin era. This is due to the general degradation of public consciousness, the growing social anomie that occurred under the influence of actively reanimated "Soviet" and even more archaic models, which intensified in the last 2-3 years, and especially with the beginning of the protest movement of citizens. The topic of "fighting homosexuality propaganda" began to actively move by official propaganda into the consciousness of the masses, suppressing concern and channeling dissatisfaction with social and political problems (although the influence of official propaganda in most cases is not realized by these "masses" themselves).

In the survey on gay parades, the majority, namely, 87% of Russians are against holding gay parades in major cities. In 2005, these were 74%, in 2010 - 82%. Note that the word "gay parade", which was included in the application thanks to the media, is a wrong translation of the Gay pride, which does not reflect the meaning of the action. The initial idea is that gay pride is a parade of pride, the meaning of which is to show that "we are, we are many, we are different, this is normal, do not be shy." Seeing the word "parade", people probably imagine an exclusively carnival procession with naked bodies.

The question about same-sex marriages was asked in July 2012, then 49% of respondents were sharply against, and in February 2013 already 62%, which again can be considered as indirect evidence of homophobic propaganda.

At the same time, an active process of legalization of same-sex marriages and public speeches of statesmen in support of the LGBT community is going on in America and Europe. Homophobic propaganda also uses anti-Americanism and antiWestern sentiments that are widespread in public opinion: America and gay people are tied up in the public mind, appear to be "newly minted" evil, and the law on the promotion of homosexuality is aimed at combating it.

Although there are no fundamental differences in relation to the complex of "sexual minorities" between different social strata, the youth and even more so are people aged 25-40 years old (in this social stratum reflects the liberalization of the consciousness of the 90s, as in annual rings on the saw cut of the tree) - among people with higher education, with a high level of material well-being, and especially among Muscovites, there is a great tolerance. But in these groups tolerance is less pronounced than homophobia. The most conservative and homophobic attitudes are shown by people of retirement age, with the formation of below average and especially - with low consumer status. Women in general are more tolerant of "sexual minorities" than men, but are more afraid of the "corruption" of children and grandchildren.

The main thing that is read in all these answers is an escape from information, from the knowledge and understanding of what inspires anxiety, fear, complicates the world, touches hard authoritarian, traditionalist, archaic attitudes. This is the so-called "temptation of ignorance", on which totalitarian, authoritarian regimes are held.

Conclusion

Recently, my classmate was asked: "How did gay people appear?" And she gave a very confident answer: "Just someone wanted, and others began to repeat." Lack of knowledge about the nature of homosexuality is evident. People do not understand that orientation is not a choice, that such people have always been throughout the history of mankind. But no one is going to tell them about it.

There are many video polls on Russian Youtube "How do you feel about heterosexuals?" It is not difficult to predict the results. The majority of people of different ages surveyed on the street respond "negatively", mistakenly believing that they are being asked for homosexuals. Only a few understand the trick and proudly give out "positive." But, besides the knowledge of the term, nothing good can be extracted from their answer.

There are more people with "non-traditional" sexual orientation than we think. However, due to the propaganda of homophobia, they are forced to suppress their attraction to people of the same sex, which often leads to mental disorders.

Homosexuals suffer both morally and physically. Be that as it may, you will not hear the news about the group beating the gay up on Russian television, but without any problems you will receive a daily dose of homophobic jokes on a federal television channel.

Although there are some tendencies towards accepting a tolerant social outlook in Russia (confirmation of this can be found in social networks if you are interested in the topic), many people still see to some extent in homosexuals something vile, unnatural, dangerous, ect.

Homophobia is indeed one of the social problems of modern Russian society. To solve it, it is necessary to mass education in the area of knowledge, which was so stubbornly ignored by power over the past years.

List of references

1. Kondakov A.: The variability of the social norm / interview. 2018

2. Demoscope Weekly No. 549-550 / Fear of another. The problem of homophobia in Russia. Plotko M. 2013

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