Tourism in Ukraine

Tourism industry and world destinations. Famous places to visit in Ukraine. Services and the staff structure of hotels. Tourist information office. Describing a destination of New Zealand and the Balearic Islands (Mallorca, Menorca, Ibiza, Formentera).

Рубрика Спорт и туризм
Вид топик
Язык английский
Дата добавления 26.05.2013
Размер файла 55,4 K

Отправить свою хорошую работу в базу знаний просто. Используйте форму, расположенную ниже

Студенты, аспиранты, молодые ученые, использующие базу знаний в своей учебе и работе, будут вам очень благодарны.

Размещено на http://www.allbest.ru

LIST OF REFERENCES

1. TOURISM INDUSTRY

2. WORLD DESTINATIONS

3. TYPES OF ATTRACTIONS

4. FAMOUS PLACES TO VISIT IN UKRAINE

5. DESCRIBING A DESTINATION

6. TOUR OPERATING. PUTTING A PACKAGE TOGETHER

7. DESCRIBING A TOUR

8. TRAVEL AGENCIES

9. TRANSPORT IN TOURISM

10. ACCOMODATION

11. SERVICES AND FACILITIES AT A HOTEL

12. THE STAFF STRUCTURE OF HOTELS

13. THE RECEPTION AREA. FRONT OFFICE DUTIES

14. ENQUIRIES AND RESERVATIONS

15. MARKETING IN TOURISM

16. THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY

17. LOW COST AIRLINES

18. TOURIST INFORMATION OFFICE

19. HOLIDAY REPRESENTATIVE

20. RURAL TOURISM

21. FOOD TOURISM

22. BUSINESS TRAVEL

23. TALKING ABOUT MUSEUMS

24. DESCRIBING A FESTIVAL

25. FESTIVALS IN UKRAINE

1. TOURISM INDUSTRY

(variant 1)

Tourism is the temporary short-term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and their activities during the stay at these destinations.

Tourism is one of the biggest businesses in the world. There are nearly 800 million international tourist arrivals every year. It employs, directly or indirectly, from A to Z, from airport cleaners to zookeepers, and includes bar staff, flight attendants, tour guides, and resort reps. Tourism is a huge part of the economy of many countries.

Tourism is a fast-growing business. When Thomas Cook organized his first excursion in 1841, he probably didn't know what he was starting. Key developments in the last 150 years have led to the rise of mass tourism.

Tourism is a powerful and sometimes dangerous force in the modern world. Tourism creates many good jobs and careers, but it also produces many poor and badly paid jobs. Tourism can help to protect environments and animal life, but it can also damage them. Tourism can save cultures and the local way of life, but it can also destroy them.

Tourism is one of the biggest industries in the world. It is perhaps also the most important.

temporary - временный

activities - виды деятельности

stay - пребывание

to employ - принимать на работу

to include - включать

staff - персонал

flight attendant - бортпроводник

tour guide - гид

resort rep (representative) - представитель компании на месте отдыха

fast-growing - быстро развивающийся

excursion - экскурсия

powerful - влиятельный

dangerous - опасный

to create - создавать

to produce - производить, создавать

badly paid - плохо оплачиваемый

to protect environments - защищать окружающую среду

to damage - наносить вред

to destroy - разрушать

(variant 2)

Tourism has been one of the fastest growing industries in recent years. The growth rate of tourism has generally exceeded the growth rate for the worldwide economy. In spite of its rapid growth, it is not easy to define tourism.

Tourism necessarily involves travel; a tourist is usually defined as a person who is visiting some place other than his usual residence for more than 24 hours.

A tourist is distinguished by the length of his trip from an excursionist, who is away from his usual residence for less than 24 hours, or a weekend.

The purpose of travel must also enter into the definition of tourism. Many people travel entirely for the purpose of recreation or pleasure; they are people on holiday. Other people travel for reasons of health. Other people travel to visit friends or relatives, a reason that has become more important because of increased mobility throughout the world. Still others travel in order to educate themselves because travel is broadening.

All of these people are generally considered tourists since the primary reason for their trips is recreation. Most tourist statistics also include people who are traveling on business. Among them are businessmen and government officials, as well as people attending meetings or conventions.

Many people among those traveling on business often combine pleasure with their work. They also use the same transportation, accommodations, and catering facilities as the holiday tourists.

Accommodations refer to hotels or other places where a traveler can find rest and shelter; catering facilities refers to places where a traveler or another member of the public can find food and drink.

Tourism is a relatively new phenomenon in the world. Since being away from home is a necessary component of tourism, its development as a mass industry depended on modern means of rapid and inexpensive transportation.

Tourism as we know it today began with the building of the railroads in the 19th Century. In fact, the words tourism and tourist themselves were not used for the first time until about 1800 the first tour in the modern sense was put together by Thomas Cook in England, in 1841, and the firm of Thomas Cook and Sons has remained one of the prominent names in the tourist industry.

growth rate - темпы роста

to exceed - превышать, превосходить

to involve - подразумевать

to distinguish - отличать, различать

broadening - расширение кругозора

primary - первостепенный

to combine - совмещать

catering - организация питания

shelter - пристанище

to remain - оставаться

prominent - выдающийся

2. WORLD DESTINATIONS

Destinations can be cities, towns, natural regions or even countries. The economies of all tourist destinations seriously depend on the money produced by tourism.

It is possible to classify destinations as natural or built:

Natural destinations include seas, lakes, rivers, coasts, mountain ranges, deserts and so on.

Built destinations are cities, towns and villages.

A resort is a destination constructed mainly or completely to serve the needs of tourism, such as Cancun in Mexico.

Another way to classify destinations is by the number of tourists visiting them. According to this destinations can be mass-market, upmarket and niche-market. Mass-market destinations receive millions of tourists every year. Upmarket destinations offer greater quality at higher prices for fewer visitors. Destinations that only appeal to very specific groups of tourists are known as niche market destinations.

Successful destinations are unique for people who visit them. Climate is one of the features that determine this uniqueness. Temperate and tropical climates attract more visitors. Location of the destination is also very important. Places that are easy to get to receive more visitors.

All destinations contain attractions. Thus, London is a tourist destination, but the Tower of London is a tourist attraction. Attractions can be natural or built, historical or purpose-built. Natural attractions include forests, national parks, waterfalls, canyons and so on. Built attractions like the Taj Mahal or the Pyramids are historical attractions. They are very different from purpose-built attractions like theme parks, because their original function was not tourism.

destination - место для отдыха, дестинация

to depend on - зависеть от

resort - курорт

mass-market - широкого потребления

upmarket - престижный

niche-market - принадлежащий к нишевому рынку

to appeal to - интересовать

feature - особенность

to determine - определять

temperate (climate) - умеренный (климат)

to attract - привлекать

location - местоположение

to receive - принимать

to contain - содержать

attraction - достопримечательность

purpose-built - построенный для специальных целей

to include - включать

3. TYPES OF ATTRACTIONS

All tourist destinations contain attractions. Thus, London is a tourist destination, but the Tower of London is a tourist attraction.

A tourist attraction is a place of interest where tourists visit, typically for its cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, or amusement opportunities. Many tourist attractions are also landmarks.

Attractions can be natural or built, historical or purpose-built.

Natural attractions include forests, national parks, waterfalls, canyons and so on. Many foreign visitors are interested in seeing the natural scenic attractions, for example, like the Grand Canyon, Yosemite and Yellowstone National Parks in the US.

Built attractions like the Taj Mahal or the Pyramids are historical attractions. They are part of cultural heritage of the mankind. They are very different from purpose-built attractions like theme parks, because their original function was not tourism but nowadays Disney World's Magic Kingdom, in Florida, remains on top in the theme-park world.

While some tourist attractions provide visitors a memorable experience for a reasonable admission charge or even for free, others can have a tendency to be of low quality and to overprice their goods and services (such as admission, food, and souvenirs) in order to profit from tourists excessively. Such places are commonly known as tourist traps.

cultural value - культурная ценность

historical significance - историческая значимость

natural - естественный, природный

amusement - развлечение, времяпровождение

scenic - живописный

cultural heritage - культурное наследие

mankind - человечество

theme parks - парк отдыха с аттракционами

to provide - обеспечивать

memorable - незабываемый

experience - переживание

reasonable - приемлемый

admission charge - плата за вход

to overprice - завышать цену

to profit from - получать прибыльот

excessively - чрезмерно

tourist traps - ловушка для туристов

4. FAMOUS PLACES TO VISIT IN UKRAINE

(variant 1)

Enjoy your holiday in the unexplored beauty of Ukraine. The magnetic Ukraine is all set to mesmerize you with charms of the famous places to visit in Ukraine. The beauty of Ukraine can fill every moment of your holiday with great delight. This largest country of Europe can be your most desired place with the splendid beauty of magnificent mountains, rich heritage, exotic culture, wonderful architectural elegance and bustling city life. Amongst the famous places to visit in Ukraine are the cities of Lviv, Odessa, Sevastopol, Chernigov, Yalta and above all the gorgeous Kiev.

Kiev is the most interesting visiting place in Ukraine. This magnificent city can boast of having a number of historic landmarks. While visiting Kiev don't miss St. Sophia Cathedral, the oldest standing church of the city, built in 11th century. This wonderful church is decorated with some of the country's finest mosaics and frescoes.

The city of Lviv will present before you the traditional riches of architecture from Gothic to the current age. This capital city of western Ukraine possesses the wealth of numerous architectural monuments in Ukraine. The `must visit' spots are Old Town, 19th Century Town Hall and a large number of 16th to 18th Century building of architectural elegance.

The magnificent landscape of Carpathian Mountains adds a new essence to Ukraine travel. Amongst a number of popular resorts in Carpathian Mountain, the most famous is Yaremche. Experience the adventurous hiking to the alpine meadows full of fleshy berries and the lovely Huk Waterfall. Besides this the architectural sightseeing of Yaremche is also fascinating. Land on the picturesque town of Kosiv, nestled in the land of high mountains of Hutsulshchyna the Kosiv is a wonderful place to spend your time in peace and tranquility. The fortress of Hotyn is the best attraction of this region. The fortress contains the memories of the historic legends.

Kamyanets-Podilsky is 11th century old town, which is situated on a rock island. The amazingly beautiful nine-towered stone castle impresses the travelers and as most of the castles are open for the visitors, you can get a great view of the town and the countryside from the castles.

The best time to explore Ukraine is during spring. While spending your vacation in Ukraine enjoy the delicious and variety of cuisines in the huge range of restaurants of Ukraine. Have the delicacies of local Ukrainian food to Chinese or even Swedish cuisine. Experience the beautiful Ukraine and make your days most unforgettable.

unexplored - неисследованный

magnetic - притягательный

to mesmerize - очаровывать, завораживать

charms - чары

splendid - прекрасный

magnificent - величественный

gorgeous - великолепный

to boast - гордиться

historic landmarks - памятники старины

current - нынешний

wealth - богатство

possess - обладать

landscape - ландшафт

essence - смысл

to experience - испытать, узнать по опыту

alpine meadows - высокогорные луга

fascinating - очаровательный

nestled - удобно устроившийся

tranquility - спокойствие, умиротворенность

picturesque - живописный

fortress - крепость

to impress - производить впечатление

(variant 2)

Ukraine attracts more than 15 million tourists every year (17.6 million in 2005), primarily from Eastern Europe, but also from Western Europe and the USA. It has long been a tourist destination for many people dating back to the middle of the 19th century.

Ukraine is a destination on the crossroads between central and Eastern Europe, between north and south. It borders Russia and it is not far from Turkey. It has mountain ranges - the Carpathian Mountains suitable for skiing, hiking, fishing and hunting. The coastline on the Black Sea is a popular summer destination for vacationers. Ukraine has vineyards where they produce native wines, ruins of ancient castles, historical parks, Orthodox and Catholic churches as well as a few mosques and synagogues.

Kiev, the country's capital city has many unique structures such as Saint Sophia Cathedral and broad boulevards. There are other cities well-known to tourists such as the harbour town Odessa and the old city of Lviv in the west. Lviv Oblast has 6 resorts, 2 national parks, it's a region of historical and architectural landmarks.

The Crimea, a little "continent" of its own, is a popular vacation destination for tourists for swimming or sunbathing on the Black Sea with its warm climate, rugged mountains, plateaus and ancient ruins. Cities there include: Sevastopol and Yalta - location of the peace conference at the end of World War II. Visitors can also take cruise tours by ship on the Dnieper River from Kyiv to the Black Sea coastline. Ukrainian cuisine has a long history and offers a wide variety of original dishes. Since 2005 citizens of the USA, European Union, Canada, Switzerland, Russia, other former CIS countries no longer require a visa to visit Ukraine for tourism purposes.

primarily - в первую очередь

to date back to - вести свое начало от

on the crossroads - на пересечении

to border - граничить

mountain ranges - горные цепи

suitable for - подходящий для

vineyards - виноградники

ancient - древний

ruins - развалины

mosque - мечеть

synagogue - синагога

harbour town - портовый город

plateau - плоскогорье

former - бывший

to require - требовать

5. DESCRIBING A DESTINATION

New Zealand (variant 1)

Capital: Wellington

Population: 4 million

Currency: New Zealand dollar

Official languages: English and Maori

New Zealand lies in the South Pacific Ocean and consists of two islands - North Island and South Island. It is located 1,600 km south-east of Australia and is nearly 2,000 km long.

The climate is generally temperate and damp, although the extreme north has got an almost subtropical climate and the extreme south is very cold. Winds can be a problem: the capital (Wellington) is known for its high winds.

The main attraction for tourists is the scenery. The landscape is largely unspoilt and very varied. There are mountains, lakes, glaciers, rainforests, dramatic coastlines, beaches, and geysers.

Other attractions include the Maori culture and outdoor activities such as river-rafting, fishing, skiing, whale-watching, and bungee-jumping (which was a local invention).

Tourists come mainly from Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan. Tourism is the largest single foreign exchange earner and continues to grow. An increase in visitor numbers followed the huge success of the Lord of the Rings films, which were made in New Zealand.

The Balearic Islands - Mallorca, Menorca, Ibiza, Formentera (variant 2)

Floating between Spain and the North African coast, the Balearic Islands offer the perfect location for a fantastic holiday. There are four main islands for you to choose from, each with their own special atmosphere.

The gorgeous climate boasts more than 300 days a year of guaranteed sunshine, making the islands the ideal setting for a beach holiday. The long hot summer stretches from May to October, with temperatures around 27"C - just right for relaxing and getting a tan.

The islands offer a number of attractions for tourists. Sun-seekers will love the fabulous beaches. Fun- seekers will enjoy the exciting nightlife - the clubs and discos of Ibiza provide plenty of entertainment for young people. But there's more to these islands than sun and fun. You can also enjoy wonderful architecture (the Gothic cathedral at Palma is well worth visiting), hilltop villages, olive groves, great food, and hidden beaches. You can take a relaxing fishing or sailing trip, or go to one of the many festivals. If you go in June, don't miss the spectacular Fiesta of San Juan at Ciutadella on Menorca. Whatever you want from a holiday, the Balearics will help you find it.

island - остров

to be located - быть расположенным

damp (climate) - сырой (климат)

extreme - крайний

scenery - пейзаж

unspoilt - неиспорченный

varied - многообразный

glacier - ледник

rainforest - тропический лес

dramatic coastline - потрясающая береговая линия

geyser - гейзер

river-rafting - сплав по горной реке

whale-watching - наблюдение за китами

increase - увеличение

to stretch - тянуться

fabulous - сказочный

spectacular - захватывающий

sun-seekres - ищущие солнце

fun-seekers - ищущие развлечения

6. TOUR OPERATING. PUTTING A PACKAGE TOGETHER

Package holidays or package tours include all of the components necessary for a complete vacation:

v Transport to and from the destination;

v Transfers between the airport and the hotel;

v Food and accommodation at the destination;

v Other services such as a guide or a holiday rep.

Tour operators bring these elements together. They buy in advance and in bulk from the Principles: airlines, hoteliers and so on. Because they buy a lot of seats or rooms from the principle, they pay a lower price. Tour operator converts this bulk into individual packages known as inclusive tours and markets them through travel agents or uses direct selling.

The first tour in the modern sense was put together by Thomas Cook in 1841. Cook was soon offering tours all over the world, and the idea gained acceptance very quickly not only in England but also in other European countries and in the United States.

The main advantages of package holidays are:

- They are cheaper than if you buy each component separately.

- Customers know how much their holiday will cost before leaving home.

- The standard of the transport, accommodation and services has been checked by professionals.

There are four types of tour operators:

1. Mass market operators produce low cost holidays to traditional sea, sun and sand destinations, like Spain, Greece or Turkey.

2. Specialist operators limit their product to customers who want a specific type of holiday, like adventure holidays.

3. Domestic operators specialize in tours for people who want to holiday in their own country.

4. Incoming tour operators provide holiday packages to visitors coming from abroad.

Tour operation is a risky business. Fashion change and political instability, terrorism or natural disaster can alter demand. Tourism products are described as perishable. If they are not sold by a specific date, they are lost all together.

package holiday - турпоездка с полным комплексом услуг

in advance - предварительно

in bulk - оптом

to convert - переделывать, видоизменять

advantages - преимущества

to check - проверять

specialist operators - узкоспециализированные операторы

domestic operators - операторы, специализирующиеся на домашнем туризме

incoming tour operators операторы, специализирующиеся на въездном туризме

7. DESCRIBING A TOUR

Tour operators can be considered the wholesalers of the industry. Their product, which is a service, is the packaged tour.

Packaged tours offer transportation, hotel accommodations and transfer to and from the airport. Tourists pay a lower price for this package than if they were trying to make all the arrangements on their own. In addition to the basic features, the package tour may also offer meals, entertainment, sightseeing, a car rental and many other extras.

The first tour in the modern sense was put together by Thomas Cook in 1841. Cook was soon offering tours all over the world, and the idea gained acceptance very quickly not only in England but also in other European countries and in the United States.

It is possible to distinguish between two general types of tours. One is the package holiday that has a resort hotel as its destination. While local sightseeing or entertainment may be included in the package, the tours are generally of the "no frills" variety -- in other words, without expensive extras. The major attractions usually include sun, sea and activities such as golf or tennis that are offered by the resort itself. tourism ukraine hotel world

There are many advantages in the packaged tours, the most obvious being the price. When airplane tickets and hotel rooms are reserved in bulk by the tour operators, considerable savings are passed on to the customers. A second advantage is the opportunity for tourist to make all his travel arrangements in one place at one time.

The second is the guided tour that features sightseeing or some other special attraction. These tours are accompanied by a guide who is in charge of travel arrangement and activities. The activity offered by the tour is its principal attraction. Most of these tours include several different destinations and a good deal of local travel within one region.

Tours make it possible for people to visit many remote areas that would otherwise be too difficult for them to try to see on their own. Tour operators have made countless places throughout the world accessible to the general public.

wholesaler - оптовик

arrangements - приготовления

on one's own - своими силами, самостоятельно

car rental - прокат автомобилей

extras - дополнения

to gain acceptance - получить распространение

no frills - без излишеств

extensive - расширенный

guided tour - экскурсионный тур

remote - отдаленный

accessible - доступный

8. TRAVEL AGENCIES

Travel agents are retailers, they sell tourism products to the public in a shop that is called a travel agency. They are part of the chain of distribution and connect tour operators to customers. Travel agencies sell a range of products and services:

Products can be thought of as items created by other companies which the travel agent sells for commission. Typical products are package holidays; air, train and coach tickets; insurance.

Services involve guiding and advising customers as to the best product; giving advice on visa and passport applications; planning travel itineraries and working out costs; representing a client in a complaint procedure after an unsatisfactory holiday.

Travel agency sales follow a clearly structured procedure known as the sales process. All models of sales contain four main stages:

· establishing rapport with the client

· investigating the client's needs;

· presenting the product;

· closing the sale.

Most tourism students will work as a travel agency sales consultant when they first begin to work in this sector. This is a demanding job, and one requiring a wide range of different skills and qualities, such as:

· a very wide knowledge of geography;

· detailed knowledge of the products the agency offers

· high level computer skills, especially for:

a) using the Internet to research destinations

b) using computer reservation systems to put together airfares or make other bookings

· excellent personal skills, especially good listening skills

· the ability to determine a client's needs accurately.

retailer - розничный торговец

chain of distribution - сеть распределения

a range of - ряд, ассортимент

insurance - страховка

applications - заявки

itinerary - маршрут

complaint - жалоба

unsatisfactory - неудовлетворительный, некачественный

to follow a procedure - соблюдать процедуру

to establish rapport - устанавливать контакт, атмосферу

to investigate - изучить

demanding - трудный, ответственный

skills - навыки

9. TRANSPORT IN TOURISM

Transport is one of the six sub-sectors of the tourism industry. Transport for tourists can be divided into three main categories: journeys by air, journey on water, and journey on land.

Air travel usually means a short-haul or long-haul international flights, operating from large airports. At some tourist destinations air transport may include short transfers or sightseeing trips by helicopters.

Journey on water can include luxury cruise ships which take tourists on all-inclusive holidays, visiting a number of different locations. Modern cruise ships are floating hotels, and provide transport, accommodation, and attractions in a single place. Passengers sleep in cabins, and have a full range of services on board. Not all cruises take place at sea. The Nile in Egypt and The Rhine in Germany are rivers where tourists can enjoy cruises. Ferry crossings are usually much shorter journey connecting two points of land or going between islands.

Land travel is probably the most diverse category. It includes rail journeys by train, departing from large terminus and stopping at stations en route. Trains provide transport to and from destinations and also locally. They can also be a tourist attraction, as with the Orient express from Paris to Venice.

The most common form of transport for tourists by road is called a coach. These vehicles can either travel from city to city along fast motorways, or they can be used for transfers from airports and other smaller journeys. Very often they are used for sightseeing trips, where there is a tour guide to tell passengers about the sights.

sub-sector - подотрасль

journey - путешествие

short-haul flight - рейс ближнего следования

long-haul flight - рейс дальнего следования

luxury - роскошный

cruise ship - круизное судно

floating - плавающий

cabin - каюта

ferry crossing - паромная переправа

terminus - вокзал

en route - на маршруте

vehicle - средство передвижения

coach - автобус

on board - на борту

10. ACCOMMODATION

Tourist accommodation is one of the six sub-sectors of the tourism industry. It can be classified as:

Serviced accommodation. This refers to sort of accommodation where guests receive a place to sleep, meals, and porter services and so on. Typical examples of serviced accommodation are hotels, guesthouses, motels, bed and breakfast.

Self-catering accommodation. In this sort of accommodation guests prepare their own meals and very few other services are provided except for reception. Types of self catering accommodation include apartments, motor homes, campsites, villas, etc.

Hotels are the most popular type of accommodation in many countries. They can be small, family-owned, resort hotels, business hotels, and soon.

All hotels offer a range of services and facilities. In general

Ч Services involve a member of the hotel staff doing something for you. Typical services are reception services, transportation and transfers, tourist information, ticket reservations, laundry, and room service.

Ч Facilities make the guest's stay more enjoyable and include restaurants and bars, business centers, sports facilities, internet connection in room, direct dial telephone, and so on.

Depending on the range of services and facilities on offer, a hotel can be classified as 1 star through to 5-star. The star rating system is the classification that is used most around the world. Other systems exist, but all of them essentially classify hotels as luxury, superior, mid-market, and budget or economy.

to refer to - относиться к

porter - швейцар

guest house - пансион

bed and breakfast - гостиница типа «ночлег и завтрак»

apartment - квартира

motor home - жилой автофургон

campsite - место размещения лагеря

laundry - прачечная

family-owned - в семейном владении

direct-dial telephone - телефон с прямым набором номера

star rating system - система классификации отелей по звездам

superior - превосходный, высшего качества

mid-market - среднего размера

budget - недорогой

11. SERVICES AND FACILITIES AT A HOTEL

Hotels are the most popular type of accommodation in many countries. They can be small, family-owned, resort hotels, business hotels, and soon.

All hotels offer a range of services and facilities. In general

Ч Services involve a member of the hotel staff doing something for you. Typical services are reception services, transportation and transfers, tourist information, ticket reservations, laundry, and room service.

Ч Facilities make the guest's stay more enjoyable and include restaurants and bars, business centers, sports facilities, internet connection in room, direct dial telephone, and so on.

Depending on the range of services and facilities on offer, a hotel can be classified as 1 star through to 5-star. The star rating system is the classification that is used most around the world. Other systems exist, but all of them essentially classify hotels as luxury, superior, mid-market, and budget or economy.

Hotels offering world-class service are called luxury hotels. They propose restaurants and lounges, concierge service, private dining facilities. Guests may find expensive furnishing and decor in the hotel's guestrooms. There may be a variety of retail outlets, such as gift shops, clothing and jewelry stores, etc.

The typical hotel offering mid-range service is of medium size. It may offer a specialty restaurant, coffee shop, and lounge. Guests staying at a mid-range hotel include businesspeople, individual travelers, and families. Rates are lower than world-class since the properties offer fewer services, smaller rooms, and a smaller range of facilities and recreational activities.

Economy hotels provide clean, comfortable, inexpensive rooms and meet the basic needs of guests. Economy hotels appeal mostly to budget-minded traveler who wants rooms with minimal amenities required for a comfortable stay without costly extra services.

to propose - предлагать

lounge - бар

concierge service - консьерж-услуги

decor - внутренняя отделка

retail outlets - розничные магазины

gift shops - сувенирные магазины

mid-range - средней стоимости

of medium size - средней величины

to meet the needs - удовлетворять нуждам

budget-minded - экономный

amenities - бытовые условия

costly - дорогостоящий

12. THE STAFF STRUCTURE OF HOTELS

A typical full-service hotel has four main operational divisions: administration, accommodation, food and beverage, engineering. Much the same departments can be found in every big hotel, but the actual details of organization may slightly differ.

Those parts of the hotel whose employees are in everyday contact with guests are sometimes called "front office", while departments whose staff are usually unseen by guests are called "back office".

Administration includes various departments responsible for management, sales, finance, accounting, marketing, PR and personnel.

Accommodation or room division consists of a reservation department, a front office, sometimes called a reception, a concierge or secretarial service, bell service and housekeeping. The Head Housekeeper is in charge of all chambermaids; however, housekeeping is not only about cleaning rooms, but also about keeping all public areas pleasant, clean, tidy and welcoming. Porters/doormen and bellboys also report to the Head Receptionist.

Food and beverage division is in charge of planning, preparation and serving meals and beverages in all dining rooms, bars and lounges. The Banquet department, which organizes all functions in the hotel as well as catering service out of the hotel's premises, is often a part of the food and beverage division, too.

Engineering division is responsible for maintenance and security and also for electrical and mechanical equipment, it may also be charged with swimming pool and fountain operations.

In all hotels the receptions office is the focal point. Receptionists are expected to be tactful, diplomatic and capable of dealing with members of the public as well as carrying out innumerable tasks that ensure the smooth and efficient running of the office.

division - отдел

beverage - напиток

front office - отдел регистрации и обслуживания гостей

back office - служебные помещения гостиницы

staff - персонал

responsible for - ответственный за

accounting - бухгалтерия

bell service - система персонального вызова

housekeeping - хозчасть

be in charge of - руководить

chambermaid - горничная

bellboy - посыльный в гостинице

premises - помещение

maintenance - текущий ремонт

be charged with - отвечать за

focal point - координационный центр

13. The reception area. front office duties

Almost all of the employees who work at the front desk of a hotel have frequent contact with the public. The front desk is the counter where the guests check in, pick up their keys and mail, request information, deposit their valuables, and pay their bills. It is called the reception area.

The front desk is located in the lobby of the hotel. The lobby is the public entrance area that gives access to the guest rooms, restaurants, bars, shops and other facilities in the hotel. For the convenience of the guests, the front desk is almost always located near the hotel's main entrance. In a large hotel, it is divided into sections. One section is the registration desk, where the guests check or sign in. A second section is the area where the guests pick up their keys, mail and messages. This part of the counter has a rack behind it with pigeonholes for each guest room in the hotel. The third section is an information desk, where the guests can ask for information or make local travel arrangements. This area often includes a mailbox. The forth section is the cashier's desk. The cashiers receive payment from the guests, but also cash checks, make change and exchange foreign currency. Some hotels also offer a transportation desk, where the guests may get advice or help with their travel plans. The hotel's telephone switchboard is also usually located near the front desk.

The employee who checks in arriving guests and assigns them to their rooms is a room clerk. When the room clerk has confirmed the availability of the accommodations, the guest fills in a registration card with his name, home address and other information. The room clerk fills in the room number and the rate the guest will pay. This procedure is called the registration procedure or checking in. In addition to the check-in procedures, the room clerks are also responsible for recording advance registrations.

frequent - частый

counter - стойка

to check in - регистрироваться

to pick up - забирать

to deposit valuables - отдавать на хранение драгоценности

to pay the bill - оплачивать счет

access - доступ

convenience - удобство

to sign in - регистрироваться

cashier - кассир

foreign currency - иностранная валюта

telephone switchboard - телефонный узел

employee - служащий

to assign - назначать, распределять

to confirm - подтверждать

availability - наличие

to fill in - заполнять

14. ENQUIRIES ANS RESERVATIONS

As you know, a receptionist works in one of the "front offices" by the front hall or lobby of a hotel. Usually, all members of staff who work in these offices have direct personal or telephone contact with the guests. In a large hotel, the receptionist welcomes and registers the guests. What about in a small hotel? Here the work of the receptionist may also include the job of advance reservations clerk, enquiry clerk, and book-keeper.

The advance reservations clerk deals with reservations enquiries, of course, and with the booking and allocation of accommodation. A hotel receives reservation requests in different ways. For example, telephone bookings are the most common in many hotels. This is because these bookings are quick and it is possible to get full information from the customer. Hotels often ask people who make reservations by telephone to confirm their bookings in writing.

In many countries reservations by telegram are less important than email reservations. Why? Because the email is fast and the confirmation is made immediately.

Perhaps you have seen that a number of hotels now have computer terminals. These hotels can link their reservation systems with other hotels in their group, with airline seat reservation systems and with terminals in the offices of important travel agents.

If a hotel is able to accept a booking the reservations clerk must record it. The reservations clerk normally completes a reservation form and enters the information in a reservation diary.

advance reservations clerk - администратор, ответственный за

предварительные резервирование

enquiry - вопрос, запрос

book-keeper - бухгалтер

to deal with - заниматься чем-либо, работать с

allocation - размещение, расположение

immediately - немедленно

computer terminals - компьютерные терминалы

to accept - принимать

to record - записывать, регистрировать

to complete - заполнять

to enter the information - вводить информацию

15. MARKETING IN TOURISM INDUSTRY

Marketing is essential for the success of both private companies and public organizations. Its purpose is to ensure that the right product is created and made available to the right people. Good marketing is beneficial both for the company / organization creating a product, and for the people who buy it.

The marketing process is central, and involves four steps:

identification of the customer's needs;

development of suitable products and services;

promotion of the products and services;

monitoring and evaluation.

The first of these involves market research. This tells companies their customers' ages, income levels, interests, needs, satisfaction with current products, etc.

The second step uses a SWOT analysis. The letters stand for:

· Strengths. This refers to the good points of the product you want to market. If a resort hotel has a private beach, but the other hotels in the same area do not, this is one of the hotel's strengths.

· Weaknesses. Poor roads and communications would be considered a weakness for most types of tourism.

· Opportunities are the ways a business can expand or improve its services. If a region signs an agreement with a low-cost airline, this is an opportunity for local tourism suppliers.

· Threats are products or policies that might affect your business negatively. If a competitor offers a holiday similar to yours, but at a lower price, this is a threat.

Using a SWOT analysis, tourism managers can create a product that is better than that of their competitors. The product, however, is only one of four aspects of what is called the marketing mix. These are often referred to as the four Ps, and consist of product, price, place, and promotion.

Price is a crucial part of the mix but getting the price right for a particular product is a very complex business.

Place refers both to the location of the holiday itself, and to how the product is made available to the public. For example, deciding to sell a product directly to the client or through a travel agency is an issue of place.

Promotion in tourism uses a range of promotional techniques. Including advertising, direct, personal selling, public relations, sales promotion.

purpose - цель

to ensure - обеспечивать, гарантировать

beneficial - выгодный

to create - создавать

promotion - продвижение, раскрутка

to monitor - отслеживать, наблюдать

to evaluate - оценивать

market research - изучение рынка

income level - уровень дохода

SWOT analysis - СВОТ-анализ, ситуационный анализ

strengths - сильные стороны

weaknesses - слабые стороны

opportunities - возможности

threats - опасности

to consider - считать

to improve - усовершенствовать

to sign an agreement - подписать соглашение

a competitor - конкурент

marketing mix - составляющие маркетинга

crucial - решающий

issue - вопрос

advertising - рекламная деятельность

16. THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY

It is possible that no single factor has changed tourism as much as the introduction of air travels. Initially, the airline industry was built around a limited number of airlines. All activity was strictly regulated by the international air authorities. Today the industry is divided into:

* Traditional airlines. In countries where the main airline is or was publicly owned, the company is known as the flag carrier. This is the case with British Airways and the UK.

*Low-cost airlines offer scheduled flights but use certain strategies to keep seat costs low. These include

use of the Internet for paperless ticketing;

avoidance of sales through travel agents;

minimum turnaround time for the aircraft to achieve more flights per day;

concentration on short- and medium-haul flights;

use of only one type of aircraft to reduce maintenance costs;

- using of fully qualified pilots, passenger cabin crew, and ground staff to avoid training costs.

Scheduled flights operate on a specific route at fixed times that have been published in timetables. Even if the plane is empty, a scheduled flight must take off.

Charter flights run on a route and at a time chosen by the company or person that hires the aircraft. Tour operators use charter flights for most package holidays. Charter flights are inevitably fuller than scheduled flights, making the cost of each seat lower.

Airports have grown with the increase in air travel. Modem airports are like 'mini-cities', so they must offer users all the facilities and services that this involves. Moreover, airports do not only provide services to travelers. They also serve the people and companies that use the airport professionally, such as aircraft crew, check-in staff, baggage handlers, and so on. Larger airports often have more than one terminal

A gateway airport provides international passengers with access to a country. Frankfurt, for example, is Germany's major gateway airport in contrast, a hub airport is one that a specific airline uses to distribute its flights to other airports in the same country. Atlanta is the hub for Delta airlines in the USA.

authorities - официальные власти

flag carrier - национальная авиакомпания

low-cost airlines - бюджетные авиалинии

scheduled flights - регулярный рейс

paperless ticketing - обилечивание по интернету

avoidance - избежание, уклонение

turnaround time - время на подготовку к обратному рейсу

medium-haul - средней дальности

to reduce - сокращать, уменьшать

cabin crew - обслуживающий персонал пассажирского салона

ground staff - наземный обслуживающий персонал

to operate - работать, функционировать

timetable - расписание

inevitably - неизбежно

baggage handler - оператор по обработке багажа

gateway airport - узловой аэропорт

hub airport - опорный аэропорт

17. LOW COST AIRLINES

It is possible that no single factor has changed tourism as much as the introduction of air travels. Initially, the airline industry was built around a limited number of airlines. All activity was strictly regulated by the international air authorities. Today the industry is divided into: traditional and low-cost airlines.

A low cost carrier is an airline that generally has lower fares and less comforts.

The low cost strategy is based on limited turnaround times at airports. This means that the airline can get more flights out of a day. Some low-cost carriers also use secondary airports with much lower landing and take-off charges. Paperless tickets and sales over the Internet also keep costs down. They also sell single tickets and there are no first class or business class seats. No free newspapers, no free food. In fact no free anything, although you can buy most things during the flight.

Low-cost carrier business model practices include:

Ч a single passenger class;

Ч a single type of aircraft reducing training and servicing costs;

Ч a simple fare scheme;

Ч flying to cheaper, secondary airports and/or flying early in the morning or late in the evening to avoid air traffic delays and taking advantages of lower landing fees;

Ч fast turnaround times;

Ч unreserved seating (encouraging passengers to board early and quickly);

Ч direct sales of tickets, especially over the Internet;

Ч employees working in multiple roles;

Ч no refunds or transfers to later flights in the event of missed flights.

The price policy of the low cost carriers is usually very dynamic, with discounts and tickets in promotion. Even if the advertised price may be very low, sometimes it does not include charges and taxes.

carrier - перевозчик

fare - стоимость проезда

landing charges - сбор за посадку

take-off charges - сбор за взлет

delay - задержка

refund - возмещение

18. TOURIST INFORMATION OFFICE

Tourist information comes in a variety of forms, but the two most important are probably Tourist information Centres (TICs) and websites.

TICs are found in city centres, major resorts, and transport termini. Tourist information offices, which may be smaller than TICs, are also found in smaller towns and rural areas. Inside the TIC there will be displays of leaflets and brochures on local attractions, entertainment venues and events, transport information such as timetables and schedules, and listings of accommodation providers. Many TICs have touch-screen facilities and interactive information displays, as well as trained staff.

Staff will be expected to provide information on a range of areas-such as which restaurant provides a high chair for a baby, the best place for a scenic walk or drive, how to get to local sights, and where the nearest toilets are. Some TICs will have an accommodation booking service, including booking accommodation at the next destination for tourists who are travelling around the region. They may also be able to reserve theatre tickets, arrange car rental, book an excursion or a guide, change currency, and even make an emergency dental appointment.

To work in a TIC, a pleasant and helpful personality is essential. You should have a good telephone manner, be able to work with computers, a have good written skills. Knowledge of a foreign language is also useful.

rural area - сельская местность

leaflet - листовка

venue - место проведения

to arrange - организовывать, договариваться

to book - заказывать

emergency - неотложный, срочный

dental appointment - встреча со стоматологом

essential - существенный

19. HOLIDAY REPRESENTATIVE

Resort representative are the first point of contact for holidaymakers at their destination. They represent the tour operator and ensure the success the clients' holiday.

Representatives meet each party of holidaymakers on their arrival at the airport and accompany them by coach to their accommodation. Usually they hold welcome meetings after arrival to give the holidaymakers information about resort facilities and attractions. Resort representatives arrange regular times to meet holidaymakers to make announcements and deal with enquiries and problems. They keep an information board, and they also may arrange, book, and sometimes accompany excursions and sightseeing trips and arrange car or ski hire.

Resort reps need to be available at almost any time to give advice, solve problems, and deal with emergencies such as loss of passport or money, illness, or difficulties with accommodation. The completion of paperwork is an important aspect of the job. This involves keeping records and writing reports of complaints and incidents such as illness.

Representatives' work is seasonal. Hours of work are variable. Representatives often work from early morning to late evening and at weekend and can be on call 24 hours a day.

holidaymaker - отдыхающий

party - группа

arrival - прибытие

to make an announcement - сделать объявление

variable - подвижный

coach - автобус

20. RURAL TOURISM

Rural areas have attracted tourists for well-over two hundred years and, nowadays, rural tourism is a significant sector of the overall tourism market in many countries - over a quarter of all Europeans, for example, spend their main holiday in the countryside. However, as rural tourism has become increasingly popular, the number of activities in which tourists participate has also grown, putting greater pressure on the rural resource base. At the same time, the economic and social structure of the countryside has been transformed; income and employment in the agricultural sector has declined dramatically and, as a result, tourism has become a favoured means of regenerating the rural economy.

...

Подобные документы

  • A specific feature of services. The main form of supply of services abroad. A need for international regulation of trade in services. Operations on foreign tourism. International tourism as a form of foreign economic activity. World Tourism Organization.

    реферат [1,2 M], добавлен 30.09.2014

  • The value of domestic tourism for the Russian economy: an increase in jobs in hotels, restaurants, food industry and transport. Stages of development of domestic tourism in post-revolutionary and Soviet periods. Treatment, athletic and business tourism.

    реферат [20,0 K], добавлен 04.03.2012

  • Historical development in travel and tourism industry, its structure. The impact of national economic policy in Scotland for success in this area. The function of government, state bodies in the industry. Factors affecting tourism demand in the country.

    реферат [13,2 K], добавлен 11.11.2015

  • Official statistics of tourism in Switzerland. Notable tourist destinations: Alpine (Grisons, Engadin, Davos, Wildhaus, Jungfrau, Grindelwald, Zermatt) and Cities (Zurich, Bern, Lucerne, Basel, Geneva, Lausanne, Canton Ticino, Locarno, Lugano, Ascona).

    реферат [2,3 M], добавлен 13.03.2015

  • Tourism as an invisible export. The British Tourist Authority and the English Tourism Council. The competition between National Bus and private companies. The Act about wholesale de-regulation. The Package Holidays and Package Tours Regulations.

    презентация [785,1 K], добавлен 31.03.2014

  • The largest city in the Midwest. The ideal time to visit the Windy City. The main tourist attractions. Best time to visit Chikago. MileNorth Hotel, The Silversmith Hotel & Suites, Manilow Suites Corporate Housing, Fairmont Chicago at Millennium Park.

    презентация [1,0 M], добавлен 17.03.2013

  • General information about geography and population of Canada. Ontario as one of the provinces of the country. Place of the tourism in the economy of Quebec. Royal Manitoba Theatre Centre. Natural beauty of British Columbia. The Vancouver Maritime Museum.

    контрольная работа [4,0 M], добавлен 30.09.2012

  • Finland is a wonderful Nordic country and a priority of tourists which can estimate the nature. Progress of eco-tourism in Finland. The unique lakes and wildelife are objectives of travelers. New Year in Finland, which is the home of Santa Claus.

    презентация [1,5 M], добавлен 17.06.2013

  • Consideration of geographical location, topography, climatic conditions in Argentina. Introduction to the country's main tourist attractions - museums in Buenos Aires, Iguazu Falls. Walking through the city of Mendoza and hiking in the Andes mountains.

    презентация [8,7 M], добавлен 02.12.2011

  • Psychology of the incentive. Benefits of Incentive Travel. Group and Individual Incentives. Cruise Incentives. Travel incentives are a reward subset of an incentive, recognition or a loyalty program. The growing importance of religious tourism.

    реферат [19,3 K], добавлен 26.12.2013

  • The world’s most famous tennis tournament is Wimbledon. It started at a small club in south London in the nineteenth century. It begins on the nearest Monday to June 22. Some of the most well-known Wimbledon champions are: B. Becker, S. Graf, M. Seles.

    презентация [2,4 M], добавлен 19.11.2014

  • The Tower of London as one of the most imposing of London's historical sites. Westminster Abbey as one of the most attractive constructions. St Paul's Cathedral is one of the most famous buildings in the world. Trafalgar Square. The British Museum.

    презентация [592,8 K], добавлен 13.04.2015

  • Description of the Golden Ring of Russia as a group of tourist routes through the ancient Russian city. Historical facts and architectural attractions of Vladimir, Suzdal, Ivanovo, Kostroma, Sergiev Posad, Yaroslavl, Pereslavl, Rostov (Yaroslavl region).

    реферат [55,2 K], добавлен 13.01.2016

  • Sightseeing tour of London. Attractions: Trafalgar Square, Buckingham Palace, Westminster Abbey, Chapel of Henry VII, the Palace of Westminster, together with Victoria Tower and the Clock Tower - which houses the most famous clock in the world, Big Ben.

    краткое изложение [18,8 K], добавлен 15.02.2011

  • Описание Ибицы - знаменитого молодежного курорта мира, известного модными дискотеками и мега-клубами во всем мире. Протяжность пляжной полосы, рестораны, шопинг и ночная жизнь на острове. Основные достопримечательности: Кала Портинат и соляные поля.

    презентация [14,9 M], добавлен 26.12.2011

  • London is the British capital and one of the biggest cities in the world. Sightseeing of the city - Tower Bridge, Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament, museums and galleries, the Palace of Westminster. History Trafalgar Square, St. Paul's Cathedral.

    презентация [2,4 M], добавлен 21.05.2015

  • Офисные технологии на предприятиях сферы гостеприимства. Использование программ Microsoft Office в сфере туризма. Разработка мультимедийного теста с помощью Libre Office Calc. Алгоритм разработки мультимедийного теста. Создание тестированной программы.

    курсовая работа [1,3 M], добавлен 03.06.2014

  • Зависимость индустрии гостеприимства от высоких технологий. Лучшие инновационные отели мира: Yotel New York, Yotel New York (Польша), QT Sydney (Австралия), Thewit Chicago Hotel, Hong Kong Peninsula Hotel, Ushuaia Ibiza Beach, Hotel 1000, Sentosa Cove.

    презентация [1,5 M], добавлен 25.10.2014

  • Sights of cities of Germany. The fall of the Berlin Wall. The Reichstag building. New Synagogue - one of the greatest synagogues in the world. The Brandenburg Gate. Hamburg for Germany is its gate in the world. Munich is the capital city of Bavaria.

    презентация [7,0 M], добавлен 11.11.2011

  • Kent is county in South East England. Visit in a cathedral as to meet face to face with the charm and magic of architecture. The Cathedral’s history. Naves is the main body of the church. The Childhood home of Anne Boleyn. The gardens of the rose.

    презентация [51,0 M], добавлен 27.05.2015

Работы в архивах красиво оформлены согласно требованиям ВУЗов и содержат рисунки, диаграммы, формулы и т.д.
PPT, PPTX и PDF-файлы представлены только в архивах.
Рекомендуем скачать работу.