Tourism in Ukraine

There are two key characteristics of the countryside:

It is not natural. That is, most rural areas have been influenced or transformed by human intervention.

In many countries, it is a multi-purpose resource. That is, a number of different demands (including tourism) compete for a share of the countryside.

The demand for rural tourism is considered from a variety of perspectives:

Volume. This is measured in terms of tourists (i.e. overnight stayers) and day-visitors to areas/places defined as rural.

Characteristics of demand. Rural tourists are often more affluent, better educated, although surveys show that all socio-economic groups visit the countryside.

Activities. Visitors to the countryside participate in variety of activities, some of which are more 'traditional', such as hiking, horse-riding or fishing, and others which are not rural in character but depend upon the rural environment.

Motivation. It is assumed that tourists visit the countryside primarily to experience its intrinsic qualities. Although for significant numbers of visitors, it is the opportunity to participate in specific activities.

to participate - принимать участие

to put pressure on - оказывать давление на

to decline - ухудшаться

human intervention - вмешательство человека

multi-purpose - многоцелевой

to compete - конкурировать

affluent - богатый

volume - объем

to assume - допускать, предполагать

intrinsic - присущий, свойственный

21. FOOD TOURISM

It used to be that people traveled to distant lands in order to see historic monuments or to have an adventure. Now, however, some people are heading to distant lands in order to eat historic food or have a culinary adventure. Food tourism is sweeping the world and is becoming something that everyone should know and understand.

Culinary tourism or food tourism is experiencing the food of the country, region or area, and is now considered a vital component of the tourism experience. Dining out is common among tourists and "food is believed to rank alongside climate, accommodation, and scenery" in importance to tourists.

The increase in culinary travel goes along with a rise in emphasis on food throughout the American and European cultures. Today's typical tourist is much more educated than their predecessors 20 years ago; they are constantly searching for new experiences and adventures and want to experience the local culture when they go on holiday.

Extra-ordinary restaurant experiences, wine tasting and cooking classes have always played an important role in traditional gastro destinations like France, Italy. More and more specialized operators offer food and wine holidays in these countries, and also in various emerging food tourism markets like Australia, Chile, Mexico, Turkey, Croatia, Austria and Switzerland.

Most of these tours are guided; but some operators offer self-drive versions, too. The guided tours typically include wine tasting, lunches and dinners in special locations, demonstrations by chef cooks, visiting local markets and sightseeing. Special tours offer hiking or biking in wine regions, a visit to European Christmas Markets and various other experiences related to cooking and eating.

After all, there's not much that beats an evening at a wonderful holiday location, eating mouth-watering delicatessen and drinking a fine glass of wine. Hopefully I have managed to whet your appetite for food travel.

adventure - приключение

to head to - направляться

to sweep - охватывать

emphasis - значение, ударение

gastro destination - гастрономические дестинации

to emerge - появляться

mouth-watering - аппетитный

to whet one's appetite - возбуждать аппетит

22. BUSINESS TRAVEL

Travelling on business has been one of the growth sectors of the travel industry in the past decade. Yet a decade ago many business travelers were still being forced to share aircraft cabins with squalling children and laid-back tourists.

Now the trend is to provide the executives not only with their own accommodation away from tourists but to give business travelers greater control over their environment -- eating when they want to, for example - as well as acknowledging the demands of work.

The bulk of business travel is carried out on a more mundane level: virtually all employees at a managerial or executive level within companies travel at some time on company business.

Leading international hotel chains now find that business travelers account for over 60 per cent of their occupancy, a significant rise on a decade ago when business travelers accounted for under 50 per cent of average international hotel occupancy.

Improved travel management is one of the areas of most corporate interest as the benefits of controlling business travel costs become more apparent.

American Express points out that business travel costs are part of a cycle of activity: this starts with planning travel, physical arrangements of the trip and the travel itself; payment; reviewing the cost; and reconciliation of the costs.

Although the state of the world's economy is clearly a large determinant for business travel, there are also other factors that influence its development. The creation of the European single market, the opening up of Eastern Europe has led to a considerable increase in business travel.

As the world's economies become ever more integrated, and the ability to travel becomes both cheaper and easier, business travelers are increasingly achieved by a travel industry anxious to win their customs.

executive - управленец, руководитель

to carry out - реализовываться

mundane - рутинный, обычный

to account for - насчитывать

apparent - очевидный

reconciliation - согласование, сверка

average - средний

determinant - определяющий фактор

23. TALKING ABOUT MUSEUMS

A museum is an institution that cares for a collection of artifacts and other objects of scientific, artistic, cultural, or historical importance and makes them available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary. Most large museums are located in major cities throughout the world and more local ones exist in smaller cities, towns and even the countryside.

Early museums began as the private collections of wealthy individuals, families or institutions of art and rare or curious natural objects and artifacts. These were often displayed in so-called wonder rooms or cabinets of curiosities.

Types of museums vary, from very large collections in major cities, covering many of the categories below, to very small museums covering either a particular location in a general way, or a particular subject, such as an individual notable person. Categories include: fine arts, applied arts, craft, archaeology, anthropology and ethnology, history, science, technology, children's museums, maps, natural history, numismatics, botanical and zoological gardens and philately. Within these categories many museums specialize further, e.g. museums of modern art, local history, aviation history, agriculture or geology, etc.

Another type of museum is an encyclopedic museum. Commonly referred to as a universal museum, encyclopedic museums have collections representative of the world and typically include art, science, history, and cultural history. An encyclopedic museum can also be a specific type of museum but whose collection is not limited to works of its region, i.e. the British Museum is an example of an encyclopedic museum while the Art Institute of Chicago is an example of an encyclopedic art museum.

A museum normally houses a core collection of important selected objects in its field. Objects are formally accessioned by being registered in the museum's collection with an artifact number and details recorded about their provenance. The persons in charge of the collection and of the exhibits are known as curators.

exhibit - экспонат

permanent - постоянный

temporary - временный

fine arts - изобразительные искусства

applied arts - прикладное искусство

craft - ремесло

philately - филателия

core - основной

provenance - происхождение

24. ESCRIBING A FESTIVAL

The Glastonbury Festival

One of the world's biggest outdoor pop music festivals takes place every June on a farm in the countryside in the south-west of England. The Glastonbury Festival, which first took place in 1970, lasts three days and attracts around 140,000 people.

The festival has many different kinds of music, including rock, dance, folk, jazz and, in the last few years, hip-hop. Among the most famous performers at the 2009 festival were Bruce Springsteen, Blur, Black Eyed Peas and The Prodigy. Other big names in recent years include Oasis, The Killers, Bjork, Radiohead, Coldplay, Kings of Leon and Jay-Z.

The festival isn't only about music, though, as there are also theatre and comedy performances, a circus, and many other events. The festival is so popular that the 140,000 tickets, which people mostly buy online and this year cost 175 pounds (about 290 US dollars), often sell out in only a few hours. In some years there have been problems with lots of people getting in without paying by climbing over the fence around the fields where the festival takes place, but this hasn't happened recently because security has improved.

You probably wouldn't expect to find many families at most pop festivals, but there are lots of them at Glastonbury - in fact there is even a field with activities especially for young children. However, the organiser of the festival, Michael Eavis, says he is worried it is becoming too `middle-aged' and wants to see more teenagers in the crowd.

Almost all the people who go to the festival stay for all three days and sleep in tents in the fields. This means there have to be hundreds of portable toilets and also some places where people can have a shower (usually with a very long queue).

If there is a lot of rain during the festival many of the fields become very muddy, which is why many people take rubber boots (in Britain people call them Wellington boots or `wellies') - they wouldn't look cool normally, but at Glastonbury, for three days only, they are very fashionable.

to take place - происходить

folk music - народный фольклор

performer - исполнитель

performance - представление

circus - цирк

tent - палатка

portable - переносной

queue - очередь

muddy - грязный

rubber boots - резиновые сапоги

fashionable - модный

25. FESTIVALS IN UKRAINE

Kazantip - the all-round festival

Kazantip is a wonderful place that no one can ever imagine. It is really giving an all round performance. It has breathtaking and a nonstop music, disco, freedom everywhere, one month festival, well known DJ's, and very different in every approach. Nearly 300 DJ's will take place in this festival. And lots more things are available there. People who visited kazantip always it is a place of heaven.

The first festival was started in the year 1991. And now it had developed a lot and become one of the great festivals in the world. And now it advertises itself as a “virtual republic” with over 300 DJs on more than 14 dance floors which play 21 hour per day.

“The republic of Kazantip” is located in a resort town of Popovka in the Crimea. Popovka is located 30 kilometres away from Evpatoria.

DoDj - the Donetsk Jazz event festival

This is full and full made of jazz. Jazz arrived in Donetsk in 1969 … At that time Donetsk Jazz Festival was closely watched by entire Soviet Union. Unexpectedly, at the peak of its popularity, the festival disappeared…

In order to develop the jazz this DoDj was started in 1999 and due to its amazing hard work it developed to become a big festival.

The aim of the contest is to search and support young jazz talents. Contests are taking in two stages: preliminary round and the final. Jury of the contest consists of musicians, musical journalists and active people from the music industry. Prize fund of the contest is $10 000. More than 850 young musicians from 12 countries have become finalists of the contest.

The Stars of World Ballet Festival, the fest of dance and beauty, is held since 1994 in Donetsk. Donetsk's ballet school is one of the best in Ukraine and has established an international reputation. Every autumn, during the festival, the city transforms into a ballet capital. Artists from around the world attend the event to demonstrate their skills and abilities, ambitions and talents.

International Festival TAVRIA GAMES, the fest of music and beauty, is held since 1992. On the festival stage at the town of Kakhovka in the Kherson oblast perform the best representatives of the domestic musical culture as well as genuine stars of the global scale. Within the frames of the festival sports contests are held such as the kid's soccer tournament Leather Ball revived by the Games, Tavria sailing boat racing, and mini-Olympics among the disabled people. Also occur the all-Ukrainian prize in music and mass-shows Golden Zhar-Ptytsia (firebird) decoration ceremony, the Beauty Queen of Ukraine contest, the Golden Barrel beer test of endurance and the enormous musical presentation.

Kiev International Film Festival MOLODIST (YOUTH) is one of the most prominent festivals in Europe specialized in cinematic debuts and students' films. First organized in 1970 year, it is conducted annually on the last Sunday in October since then. Nowadays, the festival presents close to 240 films from over forty countries annually.

The competition schedule is divided into sections of the student films, first professional short film (fiction, animated, or documentary), and first professional full-length film. Within the frames of the non-competition program the most remarkable achievements are shown of the newest national and worldwide motion pictures, as well as retrospective demonstrations dedicated to the leading film producers and major movie schools.

The KROK Animated Film Festival is the only animated film festival in the CIS rated in the world as the one of the best on the planet. Originated in 1989, the festival is held annually by turns in Ukraine and Russia. Ukraine's president of the festival is David Cherkasky, the author of such famous animated cartoon serials as Captain Vrungel's Adventures, Doctor Aibolit, and Treasure Island. The KROK festival is not only the show of the best-animated films; it is also fascinating workshops, improvised concerts, incessant meeting with the audience and non-stop joy of communication.

breathtaking - захватывающий

entire - целый, весь

unexpectedly - неожиданно

to disappear - исчезать

due to - благодаря

aim - цель

contest - состязание

round - тур

to attend - посещать

event - событие, мероприятие

genuine - настоящий, подлинный

global scale - мировой масштаб

to conduct - проводить

annually - ежегодно

full-length film - полнометражный фильм

remarkable - замечательный

achievement - достижение

dedicated to - посвященный

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