Kyyak B.R. Theoretical and methodical basis of formation of competitive system of evaluation and prognosis of fundamental scientific researches.

Manuscript. Dissertation for a Doctor's degree in Economics. Speciality 08.02.02 - Economics and Management of scientific and technical progress. The Research Center of scientific and technical potential and history of science named after G. M. Dobrov of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine - Kyiv, 2003.

The dissertation focuses on the problems of scientific research efficiency, methods of evaluation and defining priorities of fundamental researches. The dissertation presents a critical analysis of the traditional methods of evaluation in science, as well as approbation of competitive selection of scientific project carried out on the basis of the expertise methodology and a system of grants to create national competitive scientific and research environment and to increase its efficiency.

The dissertation treats of the aspects of development of conceptual basis, algorithms and models of analysis, generalization of experts monitoring of the fundamental science, informational and methodical support for decision making in the system of management of scientific researches. The lack of balance in the development of national scientific complex whose structure and functionary do not comply with the requirements of science being integrated into the market economy, initiated search for more efficient forms of its correlation with society and economy, while the evolution of the forms of organization was the main reason that brought to life the system "science - scientific fund - the state". Theoretical provisions were developed that concern the system of experts evaluation of fundamental scientific ideas and works. The efficient method of selective support of the best scientific ideas as well as scientists (via competitive, valid selection of the projects) requires a set of "rules of the game" that are obligatory for all, which presents a multi-criterion task of decision making. The competitive procedure developed in the dissertation includes a scientific and technical expertise of the initiated projects and presents a system of indicators to analyze the structure of scientific researches and their productiveness in all the spheres of knowledge, which creates the basis of science monitoring. The methodological procedures developed in the dissertation reflect the contemporary tendencies in science and they are meant to provide for objective evaluation in the field of science, these process being adaptable to the methods and traditions of international practice.

On the basis of systematized analysis of the results of the research it became possible to substantiate a grant-based approach to create a competitive scientific research environment; a model for competitive selection of fundamental researches was developed and put into practice. To solve mutually related scientific problems it was proposed to use a systematic approach to the scientific items under research; a perspective usage of such approach explicated that is designed to reveal regularities, help to analyze and take motivated decision. In order to analyze and develop strategic directions in the sphere of fundamental researches, besides well-approved scientific and bibliometrical methods of evaluation of productiveness of scientific works, the dissertation uses new synergetic approaches to the analysis of fundamental science alongside of the use of technologies of databases intellectual analysis. The information resources that were created are used as a yardstick to measure the qualities and relations of scientific items; cognition (decoding of information) is a means to define the level of orderliness (negative entropy) and the degree of the system complexity (negative information).

The results of complex researches that were obtained were used to develop the algorithms of competitions and to define the strategies in the sphere of fundamental researches. To obtain systematic analysis of the results of the researches integrated parameters were proposed which reflect quantity and quality changes of the national scientific potential. Methodical criteria were provided to ensure strategic directions of scientific investigations on the basis of criteria of knowledge reliability, novelty and validity of information streams. By means of theoretical generalization basic conceptual rules were formulated that are designed to achieve efficient results for selective support of scientific ideas and scientists.

Due to the fact that at present it is impossible to carry on extensive development of science, the development of methods of selection of perspective researches becomes very urgent; such mechanisms would take into consideration the latest achievements in science (both national and international), create conditions for productive work and provide for supporting the ideals of science as a search for the ultimate truth. The fundamental research fund makes up an integral part of the system of science organization that makes influence on the structure of scientific research and on the scientific potential concentration in the priority directions; it ensures the organizational flexibility and is used as an additional source of financial support of the national fundamental science.

The practical activity of the fundamental research fund makes it possible not only to render concrete and purposeful support to the most active scientists on the basis of the public opinion analysis, but also to carry out adaptation of the scientific and technological complex within the market economy. Structural, functional, statistic and bibliometric methods of analysis of the grant-based investigations makes it possible to establish the distribution of scientific potential and science development tendencies, while highly organized databases allow to carry out effective search for priority directions, to control the efficiency of completed scientific and technical projects. The process of transformation of scientific and technical sphere must be based on the investigation of the science self-organization process, on the creation of an advanced system of situational analysis and an in-depth study of its evolutionary tendencies; this approach must also take into account the dynamics of information currents based on computer databases and system of indexes which are meant to take valid scientific and organizational decisions corresponding to social economic changes. The first stage devoted to formation of methodical approaches in the scientific projects competitions on the basis of using automation means can be considered completed; it is defined us perspective and economically expedient while the support of the fund rendered to researches and developments can ensure efficient cooperation of all the links in the innovation system functioning, great results of researchers works and a considerable social influence of science and technologies. Actualization of new effective methods of control and management will serve to safeguard the state's interests, make inventory of scientific and technological complex and create a comprehensive database of scientific and technical achievements. Improvements in the financing of the state sector in science and high technologies can be achieved on the basis of a wide-scale grant-based transition to personalized financing of scientific researches; universal indexes of creative abilities and activities must also be used to show the progress.

Key words and phrases: effectiveness evaluation, control and management, expertise, algorithm, science monitoring, priority, scientific potential, competitive selection, grant-based support.

Размещено на Allbest.ru