Analysis of the quality system of the kefir production line and metrological support at "Altyn Dan" LLС

The analysis from the management. The top management of the organization has to through the planned intervals of time to analyze the system of management OHSAS to provide its constant suitability, adequacy and effectiveness. Process of the analysis includes assessment of opportunities for improvement and the needs for changes of system of management of OHSAS, including policy and the purposes in the OHSAS area. Records about the analysis from the management have to remain. The corresponding results of the analysis from the management have to be available to distribution and consultation of staff of the organization, contractors, the relevant interested parties.

5 Environmental protection

Protection of the surrounding environment is the system of the measures aimed at providing harmonious interaction of society and the nature on the basis of preservation, reproduction and rational use of natural resources.

Environmental protection is closely connected with environmental management as which understand the public production activity directed to satisfaction of material cultural requirements of society by use of different types of an environment.

Intensive use of the national economy has aggravated problems of environmental protection from pollution by industrial emissions.

Environmental protection from industrial pollution is a part of a social and national objective of the conservation including a complex of the interconnected actions.

Protection of the environment for the enterprises of the food industry remains relevant in connection with a production intensification, accumulation of outputs.

The production wastes connected with emissions in the atmosphere of harmful dust and gases, dumpings into reservoirs of sewage which pollute them and poison, worsen a condition of the soil adjacent to the enterprise.

Ecological safety - a condition of security of the vital ecological interests of the person, first of all, the rights for the surrounding environment, clean, healthy, favorable for life.

At the enterprises of the dairy industry all productions in significant amounts use water of drinking quality. Becoming soiled, she turns into waste water and is taken away in sewer system.

The impurity of sewage depends on specifics of the shop, the used equipment, observance of production schedules, etc.

Sewage of the dairy industry subjects, as a rule, to mechanical and biological (biochemical) cleaning. At mechanical cleaning delete the pollution insoluble settling, weighed and emerging from sewage (sand, glass fight, fat, etc.).

Apply to mechanical sewage treatment lattices, sand traps, zhirolovka, settlers and disinfectors. Peregnivatel and silt platforms apply to processing of the deposit received in settlers.

In the course of biological cleaning sewage cleans from the organic impurity which are in the weighed, dissolved and colloidal states (milk, buttermilk, serum).

The biological method of cleaning is based on ability of various microorganisms to use for the development the proteins which are contained in sewage, carbohydrates, alcohols, organic acids. At the same time as a result of so-called aerobic biochemical process organic pollution are intensively oxidized, mineralized, drop out in a deposit, and the transparent not rotting liquid containing soluble oxygen suitable for dumping into open reservoirs is formed.

At the enterprises it is necessary to try to obtain reduction of water consumption of fresh water and a drainage system. For this purpose it is necessary to introduce waste-free technological processes and the systems of water supply with repeated and reverse use of water on the closed cycle with her full regeneration.

In reverse systems water is reused after the corresponding processing (cleaning, cooling, heating). If at the first use water becomes soiled, it is given to treatment facilities then the purified water by means of pumps is directed for participation in a production cycle again.

Small part with pollution goes to the sewerage. Losses restore fresh water. In the systems of reverse water supply it is possible to use even sewage after their biochemical cleaning.

Reverse water supply allows to reduce a consumption of water, fresh in tens, of times. Economy of fresh water promotes preservation of water resources. At repeated and reverse water supply the amount of sewage sharply decreases, thereby reservoirs become soiled less.

At the enterprises in shops of production receive a large amount of condensate which is used for a sink of floors, cars, in laundries.

The main sources of pollution of the air basin are the emissions which are formed at energy production (boiler installations) and emissions of motor transport and also the emissions accompanying the main technological processes (production of powdered milk and dairy products, cheese-making production and so forth).

For prevention and decrease in emissions of vehicles carry out regular diagnosing of engines at service stations and adjustment of engines for achievement of admissible norms of harmful emissions in exhaust gases, installation of converters and so forth.

For cleaning of emissions of the producing and non-productive departments use various gazopyleochistny installations and devices.

Much attention at the enterprises is paid to a sanitary condition of the territory. Passable ways, walking paths, loading and unloading platforms are asphalted. Receivers of garbage have on the specially allotted platform. On free sites of the territory green plantings grow.

Environmental protection by production of dairy produktion is carried out in accordance with GOST 17.2.3.01-86 Conservation (SSOP). Atmosphere. Rules of quality control of air of settlements.

The organization of control establish three categories of posts of observations of air pollution: stationary, route, mobile (subtorch).

The stationary post is intended for ensuring continuous registration of content of pollutants or regular sampling of air for the subsequent analysis. From among stationary posts basic stationary posts which are intended for identification of long-term changes of content of the main and most widespread pollutants are allocated.

The route post is intended for regular sampling of air in the fixed area point at observations which are made by means of the mobile equipment.

The mobile (subtorch) post is intended for sampling under a source.

Placement and quantity of posts of observations. Each post irrespective of category is placed on the platform opened, aired from all directions with not raising dust covering: asphalt, solid soil, a lawn - so that distortions of results of measurements have been excluded by existence of green plantings, buildings, etc.

Stationary and route posts are placed in the places chosen on the basis of a preliminary research of pollution of the air environment of the city as industrial emissions, emissions of motor transport, household and other sources and dispersion conditions. These posts are placed in the central part of the settlement, residential areas with various type of building (first of all, the most polluted), recreation areas, in the territories adjoining highways of heavy traffic of transport.

Placement of stationary posts is coordinated with local bodies of the State committee on hydrometeorology and control of the environment and sanitary and epidemiologic service. Basic posts aren't subject to transfer without preliminary permission of the State committee on hydrometeorology and control of the environment. Places of sampling at subtorch observations choose at different distances from a concrete source of pollution taking into account regularities of distribution of pollutants in the atmosphere. The number of posts and their placement is defined with population, the area of the settlement and a land relief and also development of the industry, network of highways with the heavy transport traffic and their arrangement across the territory of the city, dispersion of vacation spots and resort areas. The number of stationary posts depending on population is determined not less:

- 1 post - up to 50 thousand inhabitants;

- 2 posts - 100 thousand inhabitants;

- 2-3 posts - 100-200 thousand inhabitants;

- 3-5 posts - 200-500 thousand inhabitants;

- 5-10 posts - more than 500 thousand inhabitants;

- 10-20 posts (stationary and route) - more than 1 million. Inhabitants.

In settlements establish one stationary or route post through each 0,5-5 km taking into account complexity of a relief and existence of a significant amount of sources of pollution. When carrying out expanded studying of state of pollution of the atmosphere the number of stationary posts is allowed to be increased in coordination with the Ministry of Health and the State committee on hydrometeorology and control of the environment.

Program and terms of observations. Install four programs of observations on stationary posts: full, incomplete, reduced, daily. The full program of observations is intended for obtaining information on single and average daily concentration. Observations at full scale carry out daily by continuous registration by means of automatic devices or discretely at regular intervals not less than four times with obligatory selection in 1, 7, 13, 19 h on local standard time.

It is allowed to make observations on the sliding schedule 7, 10, 13 of the h - on Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday and in 16, 19, 22 h - on Monday, Wednesday, Friday.

Organization of works on environmental protection.

We don't think of the modern world without the plants and factories making production necessary for life of the modern person. But at the same time the devil-may-care attitude to the environment from employees of these enterprises who try to bypass nature protection norms became almost the rule under the pretext that make production of prime necessity. But it is impossible to forget that Wednesday in which he lives has to be the very first need for the person. But in the modern market world best of all to fight for the environment by economic methods, by means of economic levers. The weakest link of the operating mechanism of management of environmental management is insufficient economic interest of the enterprises in effective use of natural resources and environmental protection. Practice of functioning of the enterprises shows that now the economic damage from irrational use of natural resources directly affects final indicators of their economic activity slightly. Same it is possible to tell also about encouragement of labor collectives of those enterprises which have achievements in rational use of natural resources and observance of ecological standards.

The leadership in works on environmental protection at the enterprise. For the organization of full-time work on environmental protection and implementation of the relevant standard requirements at the large enterprises ecological services are created. At the medium-sized and small enterprises the corresponding work is assigned to the ecologist (the environmental protection engineer). The ecological service of the enterprise has to resolve the following issues:

1. To support control of observance in divisions of the enterprise of the ecological legislation, instructions, standards and standards for environmental protection.

2. To develop drafts of long-term and current plans on environmental protection.

3. To control implementation of plans for environmental protection.

4. To participate (as the representative of the enterprise) in conducting environmental assessment of feasibility studies, projects of expansion and reconstruction of the operating productions and also the created new technologies and the equipment, development of actions for introduction of the new equipment.

5. To participate in carrying out scientifically research and skilled works on purification of industrial sewage, предо to rotation of environmental pollution by emissions of harmful substances in the atmosphere, to reduction or complete elimination of technological waste, rational use of land and water resources.

6. To control observance of the technological modes of nature protection objects.

7. To control state of environment around an arrangement of the enterprise.

8. To make production schedules, schedules of analytical control, the passport, instruction and other technical documentation.

9. To check compliance of technical condition of the equipment to requirements of environmental protection and rational environmental management.

10. Messages in accordance with the established procedure reporting on performance of actions for environmental protection.

In case the enterprise works within standards of the ISO 14000 series, the ecological service supports and accompanies work at the enterprise for providing requirements of these standards. Organization of work of treatment facilities of the enterprise. Many modern technological processes are connected with crushing and crushing of substances, transportation of bulks. At the same time a part of material passes into dust which is noxious to health and causes significant material damage to the national economy owing to loss of valuable products.

ISO 14001-2015 Environmental management systems -- Requirements with guidance for use

Achievement of balance between ecological, social and economic interests is represented essential to satisfaction of the current requirements without decrease in opportunities of future generations to satisfy the requirements. Sustainable development as the purpose, is reached by balance of all three components of stability. The expectations in the social sphere connected with sustainable development, transparency and responsibility have increased with the becoming more and more strict legislation, growth of influence of emissions on the environment, inefficient use of resources, the wrong recycling, climate change, degradation of ecosystems and decrease in biological diversity. All this forces the organizations to use system approach to ecological management, introducing the systems of ecological management aimed at contributing to an ecological component of stability.

The purpose of system of ecological management consists in giving to the organizations a standard basis for environment protection and the answer to the changing ecological conditions at respect for balance with social and economic interests. System approach to ecological management can provide the top management of information for achievement of success for the long-term period and create opportunities for sustainable development by means of: environment protection due to prevention or decrease in negative impact on her; decrease in possible negative impact of ecological conditions on the organization; help of the organization in implementation of mandatory requirements; improvements of ecological indicators; control or influence on ways by which products and services of the organization are projected, made, consumed and are utilized, using the concept of life cycle which can prevent the inadvertent shift of influence on the environment on other stages of life cycle; achievements of financial and operational advantages which can be result of performance of the initiatives focused on ecology strengthening market positions of the organization; exchange of ecological information with significant interested parties. [12]

The present International Standard, as well as other International Standards, doesn't assume increase or change of legislative requirements for the organization. Success of system of ecological management depends on the involvement at all levels and all functions of the organization led by the top management. The organizations can increase opportunities according to prevention or decrease in negative impacts on the environment and also on strengthening of positive influence on ecology, especially those that have the strategic consequences and consequences connected with competitiveness. The top management can is effective to consider risks and opportunities, having built in ecological management business processes, strategy and decision-making, having coordinated them with other business priorities and having included management of ecological aspects in the general system of management. Demonstration of successful application of the present International Standard can be used for formation of confidence at interested parties that the productive system of ecological management works. Adoption of the present International Standard, however, doesn't guarantee in itself the best results in the sphere of ecology. Application of the present International Standard can differ in various organizations owing to a context of the organization. Two organizations can carry out the same activity, but at the same time have various mandatory requirements, obligations in their policy, ecological technologies and the ecological purposes, but at the same time both can conform to requirements of the present International Standard. Level of specification and complexity of system of ecological management will differ depending on a context of the organization, a scope of her system of ecological management, her mandatory requirements and also the nature of her activity, products and services, including ecological aspects and the related ecological influences.

The present International standard defines requirements to the system of ecological management which the organization can use for improvement of her ecological indicators. It is intended for application by the organizations which seek for system management of the obligations in ecology that makes the contribution to ecological components of stability. Helps the organization to receive desirable results from her system of ecological management which are of value for the environment, the organization and interested parties. The desirable results of system of ecological management corresponding to environmental policy of the organization include:

- improvement of ecological indicators;

- implementation of mandatory requirements;

- achievement of the ecological purposes.

ISO 14001 is applicable in any organization irrespective of her amount, type or the nature of activity, and is applied to ecological aspects of her activity, products and services concerning which the organization has defined that she can either control, or influence within the concept of life cycle. The present International Standard doesn't establish concrete criteria for ecological indicators. The present International Standard can be applied both entirely, and partially to systematic improvement of ecological management. Statements for compliance to the present International Standard, however, won't be accepted until all requirements are included in the system of ecological management of the organization and to be carried out without any exception.

System of ecological management. For achievement of the planned results, including improvement of indicators of ecological activity, the organization has to establish, introduce, support in working order and constantly improve the system of ecological management, including necessary processes and their interactions, according to requirements of the present International Standard.

Leadership and interest. The top management has to show leadership and interest in the relation of system of ecological management by means of:

a) accepting liability for effectiveness of system of ecological management;

b) guarantees that environmental policy and the ecological purposes are established and coordinated with the strategic direction of development and a context of the organization;

c) guarantees that requirements of system of ecological management are built in business processes of the organization;

d) guarantees that the resources necessary for the system of ecological management are available;

e) reports of importance of productive ecological management and implementation of requirements of system of ecological management;

f) guarantees that the system of ecological management achieves the expected results;

g) targeting and maintenance of efforts of personnel to ensuring effectiveness of system of ecological management;

h) encouragement of continuous improvement;

i) encouragement of demonstration of leadership on important administrative positions in limits of the established responsibility.

Environmental policy. The top management has to establish, put into operation and support environmental policy which within a certain scope of system of ecological management in current state: answers the purpose and a context of the organization, including character, scale and influence on the environment of her activity, products and services; provides a basis for statement of the ecological purposes; includes the obligation to protect the environment, including the prevention of pollution and other concrete obligations essential from the point of view of a context of the organization; includes readiness to fulfill her mandatory requirements; includes the obligation to constantly improve the system of ecological management for the purpose of increase in indicators of ecological activity.

Ecological purposes and planning of their achievement. The organization has to establish the ecological purposes for significant functions and levels, in view of essential ecological aspects of the organization and the related mandatory requirements and also considering risks and opportunities. The ecological purposes have to:

- to be agreed with environmental policy;

- to be measurable (if it is almost feasible);

- trace from the point of view of their performance;

- to be brought to the attention;

- to be updated as necessary.

The organization has to operate documentary information on the ecological purposes. Planning of actions for achievement of the ecological purposes Planning achievement of the goals in the field of quality, the organization has to define:

- what will be made;

- what resources will be required;

- who will be responsible;

- when the objectives are achieved;

- as results will be estimated, including indicators for tracking of the movement to achievement of her measurable ecological purposes.

The organization has to think over how actions for achievement of the ecological purposes can be built in business processes of the organization.

Readiness for emergency situations and response to them. The organization has to develop, introduce and provide the processes necessary for preparation and response to possible emergency situations. The organization has to: to be prepared for reaction by planning of actions for prevention or decrease in negative ecological impacts from emergency situations; to react to the arisen emergency situations; to undertake measures for prevention or decrease in consequences of emergency situations, according to their scale and possible ecological influence; to periodically carry out an inspection of the planned actions for reaction if it is almost feasible; to periodically analyze and reconsider process and the planned actions for reaction, in particular after emergency situation has happened, or the carried-out inspection; to report to interested parties, including persons, working under control of the organization, essential information and to provide training connected readily to emergency situations and response to them as far as it is applicable.

The organization has to operate documentary information in the volume necessary for ensuring confidence that process is carried out as it is planned.

Improvement. The organization has to reveal opportunities for improvement and perform necessary operations for achievement of the planned results of her system of ecological management. Discrepancy and the correcting action. At identification of discrepancy the organization has to: to react to discrepancy and, in that measure, it is how applicable:

- to take actions for management of discrepancy and its correction;

- to take actions concerning consequences, including decrease in negative ecological impacts.

To estimate the need for actions for elimination of the reasons of discrepancy it didn't repeat or didn't occur in other place, by means of:

- analysis of discrepancy;

- definitions of the reasons of discrepancy;

- identifications whether there are similar discrepancies or they could occur potentially.

To carry out any necessary action; to analyze effectiveness the vsekhpredprinyatykh of the correcting actions; evnosit changes in the system of ecological management if it is necessary. The correcting actions have to correspond to the importance of consequences of the revealed discrepancies, including ecological influence (influences). The organization has to save documentary information as the certificate: the nature of discrepancies and any subsequent taken measures; results of any correcting action. Continuous improvement the Organization has to improve constantly suitability, compliance and effectiveness of system of ecological management for improvement of indicators of ecological activity

6 Economy

This part of the project contains the description of bases of the quality management system (QMS) of production and justification of its technical and economic efficiency. Economic justification includes the qualitative and quantitative analysis of such important indicators of production as the level of the organization of management, a working condition, extent of mechanization of production, level of automation, technological discipline and culture of production.

The technical and economic efficiency is defined by the comparative analysis of the key technical and economic indicators:

- capital expenditure;

- operational expenses;

- payback periods and other sizes on the projected production and production analog.

In this section calculations of the economic indicators necessary for holding organizational and technical actions in the sphere of standardization are considered.

Organization and planning of development of the design decision. As the design decision it is understood:

a) development of the project of the organization of the quality management system (QMS);

b) development of the project of improvement of metrological support of production, including: creation and introduction of the state standards, working standards, working measuring instruments; creation and introduction of standard examples of structure and properties of substances and materials; introduction of system of the state tests of measuring instruments; creation and introduction of techniques of checking of measuring instruments; organization of checking and repair of measuring instruments; creation and introduction of techniques of performance of measurements; carrying out certification of techniques of performance of measurements; development, scientific and technical examination and introduction of the standard documentation regulating performance of metrological works; conducting metrological examination of engineering documentation; carrying out the state metrological supervision and control and others;

c) development of the project of standardization (production, works, services);

d) development of the project of certification (production, works, services, QMS);

e) development of the project of improvement of process of quality control of production (works, services) and others.

According to a subject of the degree project the project the Analysis of the quality system of the kefir production line and metrological support at «Altyn Dan» LLС.

In the presence of the skilled and statistical information characterizing technical and economic indicators, duration of earlier developed similar projects comparison of the expected results of the project with the results received earlier is carried out. On the basis of the carried-out comparison (an expert way) the coefficient of complexity (C_c) of new work in comparison with earlier performed and coefficient of a leaf factor (C_l) is defined. Duration of all project or its separate stage is determined by the following formula:

Т = Т_А·C_C ·C_L (14)

where T_A - duration of the project (stage), taken as an analogue, month (day, hours);

C_C - is the coefficient of complexity, taking into account the achievements of science and technology, the indicators corresponding to ISO, fundamentally new solutions. The values ??of the coefficient of complexity lie in the range from 1.0 (for projects identical to those previously developed) to 1.31 (for projects that differ significantly in the number of problems solved and ways of solving them from previously developed ones);

C_L - the coefficient of the sheet, taking into account the volume of the document being developed. The values ??of the leaf factor lie in the range from 1.0 to 1.15.

In order to determine the duration of the entire project T_A, it is necessary to give the norms of the time for the development of normative documentation.

Norms for the execution of work on the development of regulatory documents:

1. Organization of the development of normative document - 2 days

2. Project development - 30 days

3. Mailing for review and approval - 30 days

4. Reconciliation (letters) - 30 days

5. Final drafting - 4 days

6. Approval of the standard - 15 days

7. Examination and registration - 3 days

8. Publication of normative document - 3 days

9. Implementation and implementation - 3 days

Thus, the duration of the entire project, accepted as an analogue of T_A, is 4 months. In our case, the value of the complexity factor is equal to 1.12. Coefficient of leaf factor of C_L is 1.04. We calculate the duration of the development of the project T:

Т = 4·1,12·1,04 = 4,65

Determination of the complexity of the development of technological regulations and its stages. The complexity of the development of the technological regulations is determined based on the required number of executors for the project, the duration of the project and the useful time fund of one worker per month by the formula:

(15)

where, t - is the total complexity of the project, man-hours;

F_V - is a valid fund of working hours per month, h (in case the project is short-term, the working day may be used instead of F_V), h;

T - duration of project development, months. (days, hours);

M_REQ - the required number of executors for the project (established based on actual data), people.

As F_V we use the duration of the working day, i.e. 8 o'clock.

The duration of the development of the T project is 1 month.

In the development of the draft technological regulations, 3 specialists participate. We calculate the total complexity of the project t:

t=(1*8)/3 =3man.-h. (16)

For definition of the valid fund of time (F_V) it is necessary to make balance of working hours of one worker and to present him in table 11. The nominal fund of working hours (F_N) is defined as a difference between calendar fund (F_C) and number of the days off in the period (F_P):

F_N=F_C - F_P (17)

According to the production calendar for 2018 the calendar fund of time of F_C is equal to 365 days. The number of the days off in a year of F_P makes 118 days. Thus,

F_N=365-118=247d.

Absence from work are planned percentage of nominal fund of time (F_N) (3-5%). We choose value of 4% for F_ABS . So,

F_ABS=247·0,04=9,88 d. (18)

The attendance fund of time (F_A) is defined by a difference between nominal fund and time of absence from work (F_ABS):

F_A=F_N - F_ABS=247-9,88=237,12 d. (19)

Duration of the working day of T_WD is - 8 hours.

Intra replaceable losses T_LOS make - 0,15 h.

Average duration of the working day T_AV:

T_AV=T_WD - T_LOS=8-0,15=7.85h. (20)

The valid fund of working hours (F_V) is defined:

F_V=T_AV·F_A=7,85·237,12=1861,4 (21)

Table 9 - Balance of working hours of one expert

Indicators	Size indicator
	in days	in hours
1 Calendar fund of time, FC, d.	365	-
2 Number of the days off (festive and output), FP, d.	118	-
3 Nominal fund of working hours, FN, d.	247	-
4 Absence from work, FABS, d.	9,88	-
5 Attendance fund of working hours, FA, d.	237,12	-
6 Duration of the working day on the mode, ТWD, h.	-	8
7 Intra replaceable losses of working hours, ТLOS ,h.	-	0,15
8 Average duration of the working day, ТAV, h.	-	7,85
9 Valid (effective) fund of working hours, FV, h.	-	1861,4

Performers of the project are the director of quality, the head of the laboratory and the chief technologist. The coefficient of employment (C_EMP) characterizes extent of participation of the expert in development of the project. He accepts value from 0,2 to 1,0. We choose employment coefficients for each employee:

C_EMP (director of quality) = 0,7

C_EMP (head of laboratory) = 0,8

C_EMP (chief technologist) = 0,6

Monthly salaries of performers:

- the director of quality - 105550 tg,

- the head of the laboratory - 102470 tg,

- the chief technologist - 106350 tg.

We calculate an hour rate of each worker by a formula:

L_H= (22)

where F_V - the valid fund of working hours in a month, h. We count the valid fund of working hours in a month (April, 2018):

F_N=30 - 8=22 d.

F_ABS=22·0,04=0,88 d.

F_A=22 - 0,88 =21,12 d.

Т_WD= 8 - 0,15=7,85 h.

F_V= 7,85·21,12=165,8 h.

So, hour rate of the director of quality:

L_H=

Hour rate of the head of the laboratory:

L_H=

Hour rate of the chief technologist:

L_h=

Below, the information about performers of the project is provided in table 10.

Table 10 - Information about performers of the project

Position	Amount, man.	Employment coefficient	Monthly salary, tenge	Hour rate, tenge
Director of quality	1	0,7	105550	636,6
Head of laboratory	1	0,8	102470	618,0
Chief technologist	1	0,6	106350	641,4
Total	3	2,1	314370	1896

Results of calculation of labor input of the project on stages should be reflected in table 11. The labor input of all project is 4 months or 80 working days, 640 working hours.

Table 11 - Calculation of labor input of the project

Name stage	Specific weight, %	Labour input, man.-h	Number of performers, man.
1 Preparatory stage	10	72	2
2 Theoretical stage	30	112	1
3 Design stage	40	256	3
4 Final stage	20	200	1
Total	100%	?640	-

Calculation of costs of development of production schedules. Calculation of costs of materials and purchased products is given in table 12.

Table 12 - Calculation of costs of materials and purchased products

Name of material	Value, tenge
Paper	2500
Office supplies	6700
ST RK 1.5-2013	3 250
ST RK 1.10-2013	2 250
ST RK 1.7-2003	1 650
GOST 55971-2014	680
GOST 3987-2013	750
Total	17780
Transport and procuring expenses	5 350
Total	23 130

Are provided in table 13 the costs of the equipment used during development of production schedules.

Table 13 - Costs of the equipment

№	Name of equipment	Amount	Value, tenge	Estimated cost	Sum of depreciation charges, tenge
					%	tenge
1	Equipment	1	350000	350000	10	35000
	In total	1		350000		35000

Calculation of costs of operation of the special equipment is presented in table 14.

Table 14 - Calculation of costs of operation of the special equipment

№	Indicator	Values by types of the equipment
		Computer	Printer	Laboratory equipment
1	Book value of a unit of equipment, tenge	220 000	51 000	62 000
2	Norm of depreciation of the equipment, %	40	25	40
3	The number of the working days in a year, d.	33	7	40
4	Standard number of hours of operation of the equipment in day, h.	8	8	8
5	Depreciation charges from the equipment, tenge/h	88 000	12 750	24 800
6	Norm of expenses on prevention of the equipment, %	20	10	40
7	Costs of prevention of the equipment, tenge/h	17 600	1275	9920
8	Equipment capacity, kWt	0,29	0,15	2,1
9	Electric power cost, tenge/kWt-h	13,62	13,62	13,62
10	Electricity cost, tenge/h	2038	1054	14 758
11	Total cost of hour of operation of the equipment, tenge	7,7	4	60
12	The number of the hours fulfilled by the equipment (directly for development of the project), h	264	56	320
13	Quantity of units of the operated equipment, piece	3	1	1
14	Total costs of operation of the equipment, tenge (by types)	258 038	55 054	457 155
15	In total costs of operation of a special equipment, tenge	770 247

Calculation of labor costs and social needs is presented in table 15.

Table 15 - Calculation of labor costs and social needs

Performer's position	Expenses of time for development of the project, h	Hour rate of the performer, tenge	Number of performers, man.	Salary for the period of development of the project, tenge
Director of quality	200	636,6	1	105550
Head of laboratory	210	618,0	1	102470
Chief technologist	230	641,4	1	106 350
Total	640			314370
Additional salary (20%)		62 874
Social tax of all (13 %)		40868

Technical and economic indicators of the project is presented in table 16.

Table 16 - Technical and economic indicators of the project

Name of article of expenses	Sum, tenge
1 Materials and purchased products	23130
2 Special equipment for scientific and experimental works	457155
3 Main salary of performers	314370
4 Additional salary of performers	62 874
5 Social tax	40868
6 Costs of operation of the equipment	32479
7 Estimated cost of development of the project	770247

7 Business planning

Abstract

Business plan subject Analysis of the quality system of the kefir production line and metrological support at «Altyn Dan» LLС

Name of firm: Altyn Dan company

It is developed by the student of group: MMG 16-6a, Talasova Nadira Muhtarkyzy

iness plan 01.01.2019 y.

Summary

The first city dairy, flour-grinding and macaroni plant Altyn dan LLC has been founded in 1938.

Main activities of Altyn-Dn LLC:

* Production of wheat flour

* Production of pasta

* Production of dairy products

* Mill complex

Consists of two melzavod with a general power of 500-700 t/days, one power 350t/days, with a second power of 350 t/days and also an elevator, the granary and two grain stores connected by transport galleries for transportation of wheat. The general capacity for placement of grain is 55 thousand tons of simultaneous storage.

Description of the enterprise

Flour-grinding production on which Altyn dan LLC makes processing of wheat in flour is the largest enterprise for processing power in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Power of melzavod in Altyn Dan LLC of 500-700 tons/days that allows to process 150 000-280 000 tons of wheat a year.

All other melzavoda, mills, etc. on SKSU have processing power from 100 tons/days and less.

And by that aren't fundamental competitors of this flour-grinding production not only by quantity, but also on quality of the produced flour since a basis of flour-grinding production of Altyn Dan LLC is melzavoda which are equipped with the high-performance equipment of the last generation across the CIS.

Melzavoda have the full-fledged zernoochistitelny and razmolny lines allowing quickly (i.e. in a stream) to work with various types of wheat and from various areas of growth, at the same time to receive finished goods (flour of 3 grades) best quality that is especially important for production bakery and confectionery.

Flour exit on the melzavodakh reaches 74% that respectively on grades makes:

high-grade flour - 30%,

flour 1/grade - 36%,

flour 2/grade - 8%,

bran - 23%.

Such high efficiency and technological effectiveness of flour-grinding production is appreciated by consumers, the remains on a finished goods warehouse are equal daily, the daily productivity of melzavod.

Supply of grain for Altyn Dan LLC is carried out by generally railway transport from the Northern regions of Kazakhstan, mostly from the Akmola region where Altyn Dan LLC has the elevators with a single capacity of storages of 140 thousand tons.

The main consumers of our production are representatives of small and medium business of the Southern Kazakhstan area and the border areas of Uzbekistan, including, Tashkent in which representative offices of our enterprise are open.

Marketing plan

To sell the product, it is better to open a site for wholesale and retail sales of carpets. To attract customers, you should place advertising in various publications dedicated to design, interior, needlework, carry out sales and make discounts. Using the capabilities of the designer, you can make carpets with a pattern to order.

STEP analysis

Political tendencies: The President of Kazakhstan and the Government support business owners and representatives of small business. There is a probability that fuel prices and energy carriers will increase. The legislation on employment becomes more rigid, the increasing knowledge is required. Influence of integration with the markets of neighboring countries will be big.

Economic tendencies: The sector extends. The exchange rate will increase. Respectively it will play an important role in pricing. Among the qualified and not qualified labor unemployment rate is very high.

Social tendencies: Expectation of people on improvement of the standard of living will favorably influence business. Change of structure of family won't influence business in any way. Decrease in guarantees of employment, increase in short-term contracts, subcontract works won't favorably affect business, people will have no guarantor on the future.

Technological tendencies: New production technologies will only be favorable for our business. Growth of use of computers for conducting account, control of expenses and communication - it is very favorable.

Natural tendencies: Increase in level of ground waters, salinization of the soil, erosion and the top watershed - in any way won't affect business. The LPCS-analysis is provided on table 17.



Table 17 - LPCS-analysis

Strengths	Weaknesses
Modern equipment Proximity to a source of raw materials Low expenses by production Attractive investment climate The developed transport infrastructure	Potential risks High competition The shortage of the trained technicians Lack of investment
Opportunities	Threats
Use of modern technologies will give a vozvozhnost to improve quality of goods	Decline in production

Organizational plan

Management

Information about alleged employees: Talasova Nadira

The manager who would have a real idea in this branch is necessary and I had practice on this aspect. The salary makes 80 thousand tenges for today, increase in the salary is in the future planned. Also it is provided additional conditions for, namely privileges, extra charges are planned for personnel.

Every year increase in volume of product sales is planned that in turn will demand additional labor. In this regard the enterprise intends to increase the number of workers.

Production of carpets requires the room from 500 sq.m. in which besides the shop have to there is a warehouse under raw materials and finished goods, a bathroom, a convenient entrance. For equipment maintenance it is necessary to employ about 10 people: several operators, technologist, managing director. Also the designer who will develop patterns for carpets is required.

Table 18 - Balance of working hours of one expert

Indicators	Size indicator
	in days	in hours
1 Calendar fund of time, Fc, d.	365	-
2 Number of the days off (festive and output), Fp, d.	118	-
3 Nominal fund of working hours, Fn, d.	247	-
4 Absence from work, Fabs, d.	9,88	-
5 Attendance fund of working hours, Fa, d.	237,12	-
6 Duration of the working day on the mode, Тwd, h.	-	8
7 Intra replaceable losses of working hours, Тlos ,h.	-	0,15
8 Average duration of the working day, Тav, h.	-	7,85
9 Valid (effective) fund of working hours, Fv, h.	-	1861,4

Table 19- Information about performers of the project

Position	Amount, man.	Employment coefficient	Monthly salary, tenge	Hour rate, tenge
Director of quality	1	0,7	105550	636,6
Head of laboratory	1	0,8	102470	618,0
Chief technologist	1	0,6	106350	641,4
Total	3	2,1	314370	1896

Table 20 - Calculation of labor input of the project

Name stage	Specific weight, %	Labour input, man.-h	Number of performers, man.
1 Preparatory stage	10	72	2
2 Theoretical stage	30	112	1
3 Design stage	40	256	3
4 Final stage	20	200	1
Total	100%	?640	-

Prodaction plan

Technological process consists of the following operations: acceptance and preparation of raw materials, normalization, homogenization, pasteurization and cooling, a zakvashivaniye, souring in special capacities, coolings of a clot, maturing of a clot, fasovaniye.

Raw materials.

Kefir is developed in the reservoir way from the whole genuine normalized milk not below the second grade, acidity by no more than 19 0 T, with a density not less than 1,0278 kg/m3, with various mass fraction of fat therefore initial milk is normalized to the required mass fraction of fat. At normalization of whole milk on fat there can be two options: it is more fat in whole milk, than it is required in production, and it is less fat in whole milk, than it is required. In the first option fat is partially selected by separation or add fat-free to initial milk. In the second option for increase in fat content of initial milk add to him cream. One of the simplest ways of normalization on fat - normalization by mixing in the capacity of the calculated amounts of the normalized milk and the normalizing component (cream or skim milk) at careful hashing of mix.

Thermal treatment and homogenization.

Pasteurization of milk is made for the purpose of destruction of vegetative forms of microflora, including pathogenic. The most widespread way in production of fermented milk products - short-term pasteurization at a temperature of...