Motivation:

Harutyunyan thinks that the deaf themselves motivated him to start the service of sign language translation: “Once we were in school with a presentation, and there were several school children with hearing impairments, who said that they might want to use this technology. And this is what drives us in the first place, not race for profits. Of course we live in the world where money rules, but we are also happy to do this because we see a huge demand of the society towards our product”.

Financing:

CloudInterpreter develops by its own funding, Harutyunyan and his team fully support the project because an initial search for possible investors failed: “Today we have enough resources, but we plan to expand and chances are we shall try to attract some money again soon”.

Foreign investments:

The company does not count on foreign investments “due to an unstable political situation in Russia. Nevertheless, there was once a suggestion for money infusion from abroad but we had to register in another country in return. We refused” - says Harutyunyan.

Price:

The price question is still open, since CloudInterpreter is still in the midst of negotiations with the State about possible cooperation. In this case, the service may be both free and paid. “We have several offers from the Government, we may turn to Public Private Partnership, but in any case we shall do our best to make this service available especially for the sake of the disabled”. We hope that if even at first the price may bite, soon after we start to expand and have more clients, we shall drop the price so that the service becomes available for everyone.

Profitability:

Harutyunyan is very optimistic about his business: “It is a successful and profitable project. We are not Robin Hoods, we would not start it, if we were not sure about the positive outcome”. He provides an example of his successful colleagues abroad, some of whom have the staff of 2000 employees in call-centers, not counting the remote ones.

Problems and barriers:

Some of the main problems are the following: firstly, it is human or mental factor: “There are people who still have Soviet mentality and think that they do not need new devices if they have happily grown up without them. We mostly work with people who are in their 40s and those who do not live in big cities often do not have smartphones. If we look at statistics, the majority of the deaf are people who are 50 years old and more and it is hard to explain to them that they need to buy a smartphone so that they may have a pocket sign language interpreter with them at all times, especially with their little pension. This is a difficult psychological moment for them. Secondly, we are pioneers in Russia in this field and it is hard to build up this market, we have to learn only from our own mistakes. Thirdly, people are not informed about such service, that is why we always ask the State to inform the deaf about us. The fourth obstacle is lack of high speed internet connection outside big cities.

Prospects for inclusive innovation in Russia:

Regardless of all difficulties Harutyunyan thinks that there are positive conditions for the development of inclusive innovation in Russia: “If you can give to the Government the solution to its problems, then you can be sure that you will be in high demand”. He connects prospects of inclusive innovation in Russia with oil prices and period of economic recession; nevertheless, he is sure that if inclusive innovation starts to tackle real problems, then the Government will always be there to help.

Motorica (Kibi, Stradivary)

In this case we shall review such inclusive innovations as “Kibi” and “Stradivary” (functional hand prostheses for children and adults) by “Motorica” company. The case is based on open materials and interview with CEO Iliya Cheh.

Problem situation:

The number of annual amputations in Russia varies between 30 to 40 thousand surgeries. [Inva-life, 2012] Meanwhile, child prosthetic repair is absolutely underdeveloped; children may only receive cosmetic prostheses. High level technologies are not produced in Russia, they exist only abroad with starting price from 1, 5 mln rubles. The existing cosmetic prostheses do not solve the problem of the amputees, but on the contrary, attract unnecessary attention to them. As far as growing children are concerned, the price of prostheses is crucial here, since they have to be replaced every 6 to 12 months.

Solution:

A prosthetic hand is a functional prosthesis for people with complex hand injuries. Due to cutting-edge inclusive innovation technologies such prosthesis may be modified to any type of injury. The main requirement for it is the flexibility of wrist joint. Its another function is an exercise machine, because if a handicapped's muscles are in good shape, it will be easier for them to learn how to apply a bioelectrical prosthesis which is being designed at the moment.

Description:

Mechanical prostheses function by means of natural movement: a person is moving by the remaining stump, by means of which special ropes move the fingers and as a result one can even make a fist with the device. “Motorica” has developed an inclusive innovation, which may move fingers separately. A big advantage of these prostheses is that they are 3D-printed and because of this it is possible to quickly make construction changes to any size of prosthesis. It is also a much cheaper way of assembling a device. Besides, for children it is possible to add special elements for their prostheses, like a torch, a compass, binoculars, a light sword, a GoPro camera - a “super-power” instead of a disadvantage.

History of development:

In 2013, Mr. Rumyantsev, a director of Can-touch, a company specializing in 3D-printing, decided to repeat a novelty by Richard Van As, who invented prostheses for several children by means of 3D-printers. Rumyantsev gathered his own R&D team consisting of W.E.A.S. Robotics engineers, graduates of Saint-Petersburg University NIU ITMO.

After first models were developed and the logic of further cooperation with the State became clear, a new company “Motorica” was founded. This project is already 3 years old, and patents are being received at the moment. Meanwhile, 20 children are using their prostheses already.

Market strategy:

The company's plan is to work on Russian market. At the moment there is one customer from India, but orientation will still be for domestic customer.

Financing:

First financial flows came from Iliya Chekh and his partners from Can-touch (in charge of technological part), and specialists from Saint Petersburg Prostheses Institute named after G.A.Albrekht (in charge of medical competence).

Later, after “Motorica” foundation, Chekh and his partners found two investors: both “Rosnano” companies - nanocenters in Saint Petersburg and Tomsk, which added 5 mln rubles in exchange for a share in the company.

Price:

Price is a critical factor for this market due to a very high cost of foreign devices (1, 5 mln rubles for a hand prosthesis), that is why their availability in Russia is very little. Meanwhile, the annual demand for such prostheses in Russia is about 60 thousand items. Today, such prosthesis costs about 80 to 100 thousand rubles, but the State's compensation makes it possible for the disabled to receive such device even for free. Besides, Chekh thinks that it is possible to decrease the price in future provided the volume of sales goes up.

Profitability:

At the moment there are about 100 requests for the device, but Chekh hopes to hit a number of 2000 sales per year. The investments are due to return within 1, 5 to 2 years: “Even though the niche is very small, it is still possible to quickly gain profit. We have no competition in Russian market”.

Problems and barriers:

The first problem was to find volunteers who were ready for a try-out. There were people eager to participate, but they lived far away. Eventually they found a 4 year old girl in Moscow. The second problem is insufficient information concerning reception of certificates, cooperation with the State, patent questions. Chekh says, that such information was very hard to obtain and it took a lot of time and effort to collect all documentation. The third problem is that the majority of state authorities are very bureaucratic and uneager to welcome new ideas; it is often difficult to do business with them.

Government and Funds support:

After a year of operation “Motorika” started to receive support from the Government financially and information-wise. Several Funds also support them - “Skolkovo” and “Rosnano”.

Government's role in the development of inclusive innovation in Russia:

One necessary help from the State are primarily “transparent” rules of the game as far as cooperation is concerned. Also the State should have more interaction with the disabled and inform them about new technologies.

Prospects for inclusive innovation in Russia:

By 2020 Iliya Chekh, cofounder of “Motorika” plans to obtain 20% of world market for bionic prostheses. His plans include all spheres of “cyborg” development: exoskeleton for hand development after strokes, invasive sending units, robots-surgeons, etc. These projects will be very profitable in his opinion.

Nevertheless, there are only few people who drive inclusion innovation in Russia at the moment: “I would say there are about 10 teams in Russia, if not less”.

Conditions for inclusive innovation in Russia are rather unfavorable at the moment, Chekh says. There is very little capital that people or companies are ready to invest in innovative activities, especially inclusive: “Russian entrepreneurs are eager to invest only into projects with high return expectations, the ones which will give a lot of profits in short time. The situation is even worse with inclusive innovation in this respect, because it is a very narrow market”.

Apart from that, Chekh is sure that in 10 years' time the situation in Russia will turn for the better because the current time may be considered as the start of social and inclusive trend in innovative activity of Russia.

Caterwil

In this case we shall study such innovations as “Caterwil” and “Ideal” (new wheelchair and belt-tracked platforms) by “Caterwil” company for wheelchair users. The case is based on open materials and interview with CEO Ivan Nevzorov.

Problem situation:

Despite Russian government's active attempts to create a barrier-free environment, wheelchair users nowadays have a lot of trouble when they try to leave home on their own. This is either due to the shortage of ramps in our apartment buildings or because ramps do not answer to international technical requirements. Very often such ramps have a very sharp slope, they are either too narrow or too wide, and have no railings. This means that wheelchair users always require somebody else's help. The same story happens when a wheelchair user travels around city streets: pedestrian paths have very tall curb stones, pits are everywhere around.

There are about 320 thousand wheelchair users in Russia according to 2014 statistics. [Rosmintrud…] Locomotor system injuries are very widespread and happen due to falling downs, car accidents, work injuries. Another group of people who need a wheelchair are those who suffer with loss of locomotor functions due to various health problems.

Solution:

Belt-track wheelchair Caterwil is supposed to make life easier for many immobile people. Such wheelchair helps to freely move at home or in the city without assistance. Caterwil is a unique device where a user operating with a joystick may independently overcome steps more than 20 cm high. Caterwil has wheels - for riding on a solid surface - and belt-tracks - for riding over various obstructions. There is another innovation represented by belt-tracked chair Ideal X1 which may overcome stairs by means of a second person's assistance.

Idea development:

The idea was born after Nevzorov's friends' requests. He started to look for ways how to ensure safe descent and ascent for wheelchair users independently and realized that innovative idea of belt-track might be a good one: “This is a unique device, a fully Russian assembly, software and electronics. There are similar devices in the world, they may even look similar but principle is different”.

Development history:

Nevzorov has been developing a wheel-belt-track system since 2011. It took him 2 years to develop it from scratch and only after that he saw first external cash flow to this project. Nevertheless, the company has not used any investments and does not want to attract any.

Marketing strategy:

The initial plan was to enter both Russian and foreign markets. Nowadays the company has only Russian patent for belt-track drive.

Financing:

Finance was solely provided by Nevzorov and his wife at the stage of development. Nowadays Caterwil uses funds from the Bortnikov fund (1, 5 mln rubles) and other microgrants.

Price:

The price of the chair is around 400 thousand rubles, the belt-tracked chair costs 170 thousand rubles. “The accessability of these devices is determined by the State's participation, we offer a minimum price and cannot lower it because it will stop our development. If the Government is ready to participate, we shall be ready to supply” - says Nevzorov.

Problems and barriers:

The biggest problem in Nevzorov's opinion is a financial one. The more a company grows, the more money it needs. The second problem is a technical one. For example, it costs more to produce something in Russia in comparison to China, but due to translation difficulties very often wrong supplies arrive from abroad and other difficulties concerning return of goods occur, meanwhile the precious time is wasted. At the moment of the interview the company has already had a medical certificate, the reception of which was a huge problem due to lack of information about procedures, such bureaucratic problems are the third problem. And the last but not least is the problem of target audience awareness; this is something an inclusive innovator can hardly solve himself due to occupation with all the rest of the issues.

Government and Funds support:

Pretty soon Caterwil plans to receive an office with a 60% rental discount from Novosibirsk government business-incubator. Apart from that, the State only provided token money for reimbursement of development costs. Caterwil cooperates with a few funds, the most famous of them being “Skolkovo”, Federal Fund for Assistance of STI (provided a big grant), Center of social innovations support “Technology of Possibilities”, Novosibirsk Technopark.

Government's role in the development of inclusive innovation in Russia:

Nevzorov remarks that the niche of rehabilitation goods is fully occupied by large companies, which mostly deliver their products from China. The price of such devices is low, due to large bulks of delivery. But nowadays we witness a tendency on refocusing towards a client - that is the goods are made so that they appeal to a customer. Together with government funding there is a big chance that innovative development in Russia will grow in the nearest future.

Prospects for inclusive innovation in Russia:

Nevzorov says that “currently only few people are involved in inclusive innovation. In comparison to 10 years ago the situation now is very good, you may receive tangible support from the Government indeed, but another problem is that you will have to experience so much pain before you get some help - this is due to constant running and collection of numerous documents”. Nevzorov also pinpoints that in comparison to other types of innovation, inclusive ones occupy a better position due to their social importance and attract more attention from various organizations. At the same time, it is often difficult to enter the market because of the difficulties to obtain special certificates for inclusive innovations. In 10 years' time, he believes, the situation with inclusive innovation should become better, since today we at least have some attention to this problem.

2.2.2 Conclusion based on cases of inclusive innovations

In this section we shall provide a brief analysis on the aforementioned cases and interviews.

According to bibliometric analysis a large burst of interest to inclusive innovation occurred about 5 years ago - in 2010-2011. Meanwhile, Russia witnesses a significant delay of interest compared to other countries which results in a very low publication activity in this field. It should be noted that the analyzed cases were launched in 2011, 2013 and 2015 and at the time of the interview none of them was able to return their investments or reach mass production. Thus, we are studying here potential inclusive innovations, which unfortunately have not yet turned into successful projects.

Every company tried to solve a problem for the disabled: either of the blind-deaf, deaf and mute, wheelchair users, or amputees. Only one of them was able to get investments for development. The rest either did not want or could not find necessary investors. At the same time each inclusive innovator met several obstacles, which deal with:

1. financing (and further development of business)

2. difficulty with cooperation with state authorities (lack of necessary information about how to interact with them)

3. poor access to the target audience (due to a low level of awareness of the latter).

An interesting peculiarity of such startups was the fact that both the developer of the idea and the director of the enterprise were represented by one and the same person. The idea of accessibility is present in every case. It can be expressed by a low cost of products, through the idea of cooperation with the State (state procurement for the needed group of people), or through finding solutions for the excluded in overcoming various obstacles - communicative (language ones) or environmental (infrastructure and social space).

Based on the literature review and the cases provided we may draw two ways or accents of inclusive innovations, which are often complementary: 1) those directed to change the attitude of excluded groups (particularly, the disabled); 2) those directed to change the attitude of mainstream group (changing the attitude to an excluded group).

Examples of the first way may be the first case about the Braille glove, the last case about the wheelchair, or for instance the device called “Oriense” [Oriense], the company which we did not analyze in a case study due to inability of the CEO to give an interview. It produces a device consisting of navigator OrNavi and a camera OrCV which are designed to be used as an additional gadget to help the blind or partially sighted. First of all, such devices aim to make the daily life of partially sighted people easier, include them into society, and give them more freedom and independence.

Examples of the second way may be cases about prostheses, interpreting application or “Bezgraniz Couture” [Bezgraniz Couture] project. The latter is an international fashion contest for people with limited health conditions. Such projects change the worldview of the masses by means of, on the one hand, broadening of the borders (for example, displaying prostheses of various modifications) and giving more possibilities (for example, demonstration of the disabled's body on the catwalks, which was silently tabooed before) for the excluded; on the other side, they open a new space for discourse literally (interpreting platform) and figuratively (by erasing old approaches to understanding the concept of limitation).

It should be noted that only four cases were studied in detail, all of them are mostly oriented on the disabled, because the initial research showed that the niche of various devices for the disabled and services for them was the most popular and developed one. However, there exist other examples of inclusive innovation in Russia:

Instance 1. Support of orphans at RusHydro, PJSC

In June 2013 RusHydro [RusHydro…] launched the Program of social and professional adaptation of orphans, which is directed to support children from orphanages, located in the regions of company's operation. The most important part of the Program is the system of motivation which creates favorable conditions for the company's employees who are eager to adopt a child. The Program will help many children find new families and go through socialization in domestic conditions. Motivational system includes a variety of privileges and bonuses for employees who choose to adopt an orphan. All parents and adopted children will also be supported by high quality psychological help. This Program was developed within the Concept of rapid development of RusHydro staff called “From new school to a working place”. The aims of this Program are creation of favorable environment for social and professional adaptation of orphans and preparation of future staff who are motivated to work in hydroelectric engineering.

Instance 2. Social network “TutZhdut” (“You are welcome here”) for migrants

“TutZhdut” [Lenta.ru, 2015] is a new generation social network with several services. Akin to professional networks, this project creates networks according to principles of where people came from and suggests various services to them depending on their necessity. This project is also targeted on increasing of the level of education and a more active integration of migrants into new community. At the same time “TutZhdut” is directed not only on those who arrive in Russia from other countries, but also on those who change the region inside the country. The project's team provides language support for the users, shows the most important news for the migrants, translates them into languages which are understood by the customers.

Thus, we may draw a conclusion that the first stage of inclusive innovation development has already started in Russia: there is a certain number of startups, which put the concepts of innovation, social responsibility and accessibility into the basis for the development of their products and services. And even though all these inclusive innovation have different prospects, we may say that all of them still hope to have a constructive dialogue with state authorities and have a bigger degree of transparency during mutual partnership.



2.2.3 Study of public opinion about prospects for inclusive innovations in Russia

This section is an analytical report on the results of public opinion research on the “Prospects for inclusive innovation in Russia”. The public opinion research was carried out in April-May 2016.

The target audience of this research is innovators or people, who may potentially become innovators. In order to fulfill this criterion, the questionnaire was sent to people from different groups - start-up innovations groups, groups of science and innovation, etc. (see “list of groups - annex 1).

The aim of the study is to determine the level of awareness and attitude of target audience to inclusive innovations in Russia. The subject of public opinion research is opinions and assessment of the target audience about inclusive innovation.

In order to achieve objective results the following goals have been set:

* to identify target audience in social networks;

* to study public awareness towards innovation;

* to identify the attitude towards inclusive innovation;

* to identify the main socio-demographic characteristics of the target audience.

The study was conducted by using the questionnaire in online format (annex 4). The survey was created by means of survio.com service. The questionnaire was sent to the participants found in different groups in social networks which dealt with innovation. Thus, selection of participants was carried out by a single parameter - the relationship to innovation (active or potential involvement in innovative projects). The number of participants was 185 people.

As a result of the study, the data were collected, showing:

· Awareness of the term “inclusive innovation”

· Attitude to inclusive innovations and to excluded groups of people

· Desire of respondents to participate somehow in inclusive innovation.

Based on the analysis of publications devoted to the study of inclusive innovation the following hypotheses have been put forward:

· Hypothesis 1: few people in Russia know about the concept of “inclusive innovation”.

· Hypothesis 2: There is a stereotypical thinking about people who are in need of help (potential inclusive innovation receptors).

Socio-demographic characteristics of respondents

The questionnaire was mostly answered by men (62% of men, 38% - women). The largest age group consisted of young people between 25 and 34 years old (62, 3%). According to the survey 62% were from Moscow or Saint Petersburg, and 30% from a city with a minimum of 1 mln population. Absolute majority of respondents (95, 7%) have higher education. The majority of respondents (65, 4%) are specialists without managerial functions. Material well-being may be considered as medium - 2 groups received 45% each: those who can easily buy big household appliances (furniture, electronics, etc.), however it is difficult for them to buy really expensive things (apartment, cars) and those who have enough money for food, but buying clothes causes them financial difficulties. (Annex 5).

Awareness of the term “inclusive innovation”

The term appeared familiar only to 22% of respondents, 28% said that they have heard something about it. Almost one half of innovators knew nothing about it (Fig. 5). When answering the question about the sources where they found information about inclusive innovation the majority (66%) said that they never received any information about it. Apart from that, the most popular resources appeared to be Internet (20%), Russian colleagues (17%), and media (10%). That is why there is a confirmation of our assumption that this term is not well-known even among target audience (Fig. 6)



Figure 5: Percentage of answers to the question «Do you know, have heard, or hear for the first time the phrase “inclusive innovation”?»

Figure 6: Percentage of answers to the question «Have you ever received any information about inclusive innovations? If yes, please indicate the source».

Personal attitude to inclusive innovation

The distribution of answers to the question about their attitude to inclusive innovation was mostly positive (96%) (Fig. 7). It may be explained by the fact that the respondents often give pro-social answer to the questions which do not involve their participation. That is why one of the next questions was about any type of their participation in the development or promotion of inclusive innovations (Fig. 8). Here the number of positive answers was lower, only half of innovators were ready to somehow participate in such projects (53%). And one-fifth of the respondents would rather not participate in such projects. 4% are absolutely against the idea of such participation, and 23% of respondents answered that they do not know the answer.

Figure 7: Percentage of answers to the question «How do you personally feel about the idea of promoting inclusive innovation in Russia?».

Figure 8: Percentage of answers to the question «Would you like to participate or provide any possible assistance in the development of inclusive innovation in Russia (financial, social, informational support, etc.)?».

Some evaluation of relevance of inclusive innovations

Another important element in distinguishing of the attitude towards the subject is evaluation by the respondents of such statements as “there are many people in Russia who are in need of inclusive innovations”. 39% of the respondents absolutely agree with it, and 37% tend to agree with this statement. Only 10% disagree that there are many people in Russia who are in need of inclusive innovations. (Fig. 9)



Figure 9: Percentage of the agreement with the statement «There are many people in Russia who are in need of inclusive innovations».

The fact that such innovations may qualitatively change the lives of the needy categories of people is supported by 78% of the respondents, only 6% disagree. (Fig. 10). This shows that innovators tend to agree that inclusive innovations could qualitatively change the lives of the needy categories of people.

Figure 10: Percentage of the agreement with the statement «Inclusive innovations could qualitatively change the lives of the needy categories of people».

However, answers to a more provocative statement that “high-quality products and services cannot be cheap” showed that more than half of the respondents tend to agree with this statement (57%). Only 10% totally disagree, and 29% tend to disagree. Thus, about 39% of people admit that there may be cheap and high-quality goods at the same time (Fig. 11).



Figure 11: Percentage of the agreement with the statement «High-quality products and services cannot be cheap».

Сategories/ groups of people who must be or not to be supported by inclusive innovations

The previous statement showed that there is a certain stereotype that quality means price. The next two figures illustrate the relationship to various excluded groups and the idea to support them by means of inclusive innovations. (Fig. 12, Fig. 13)

So, the most popular groups, which deserve inclusive innovations, are the following: people with disabilities, retired, orphans, single mothers, people in difficult situations. More than a third of respondents think that it is necessary to support the poor and homeless. As a result we can see that these are the groups which are already being supported by the State.

The least popular groups appeared to be sexual minorities, dissidents, migrants, alcohol and drug addicts, the unemployed, former prison inmates, and HIV / AIDS infected. (Fig. 12)



Figure 12: Distribution of answers to the question «In your opinion, which categories/ groups of people must be supported by inclusive innovations?».

The next figure demonstrates a reverse attitude, that is a negative one relating to groups of people who do not need to be supported by inclusive innovations (Fig. 13). So we see, that the respondents expressed the worst attitude towards sexual minorities, alcohol and drug addicts, dissidents, former prison inmates and migrants. Therefore, we may talk about classic, conservative, and biased attitude towards some excluded groups.



Figure 13: Distribution of answers to the question «In your opinion, which categories/ groups of people do not need to be supported by inclusive innovations?».

Judging by the data received concerning awareness and attitude, we may draw a conclusion that innovators' knowledge about inclusive innovations is rather superficial, and their attitude is very stereotypical towards “excluded groups”.



Discussion and Conclusion

The existing volume of scientific-theoretical framework shows that the topic of inclusive innovations is a relatively young field of academic interest, and if we talk about active publications on this issue then we may even say that it is in its infancy, especially in Russia. Inclusive innovation is understood as innovation which aims to affordable access of high-quality services and goods for the excluded population, especially for those at the base of the pyramid in a long shot.

Government should play an important role in creation of favorable environment for inclusive innovation activity. The time has passed already when simple money emission to the poor has been the only way to fight poverty or solve problems of people with disabilities. Private entrepreneurs, like those who have been described in the Chapter 2, in conjunction with the State, play even more important role in a national innovation system. Together they build a country's innovative policy.

While developing various programs in the framework of a country's innovation policy it is necessary to keep in mind three everlasting problems. Firstly, it is important to mind the peculiarities of local markets, especially those which are located at the base of the pyramid, and provide wide circulation of innovative information. This is something that we lack in Russia at the moment. Secondly, inclusive innovations should relate to the current demand, in other words the seller should know what the buyer wants. Thirdly we should not forget about the chief goals of inclusive innovations mentioned in numerous definitions provided in the present study.

During development of inclusive innovations it is necessary not only to eliminate certain disadvantages in functioning of market mechanisms, but also to overcome additional barriers connected with peculiarities of low-budget segments of market, which result in underproduction of the goods and services. We have witnessed this paradox in Chapter 2, where we saw examples of a potential market of thousands people in need of prostheses or wheelchairs and the desire of entrepreneurs to satisfy this demand, but there were certain obstacles, which were not only financially oriented. In order to ensure the innovations' possibility to satisfy the requirements of poor population it is necessary to pay attention to the information flows between the developers and users of their products. This challenge should lay on the Government these days - information support is often more necessary nowadays than financial one.

As far as Russia is concerned, we may say that the first stage of inclusive innovation development has started. In this case we may even notice that practical development outstripped theoretical one, considering the number of academic publications. Nowadays there is a certain number of entrepreneurs, which put the concepts of innovation, social responsibility and accessibility into the basis for the development of their products and services. And even though all these inclusive innovation have different prospects, we may say that all of them still hope to have a constructive dialogue with state authorities and have a bigger degree of transparency during mutual partnership.

This study also saw certain limitations. A not surprising one is that there is not that much of people's awareness about the concept of inclusive innovations; Russians are rather more aware of terms like charity, money donations, and welfare when it comes to aiding of the excluded groups. A surprising part was that this unawareness arrives from innovators themselves, judging by the results of the carried opinion poll. This is another reason why theoretical framework of the concept of inclusive innovations should be developing in Russia.

The concept of inclusive innovations is a new notion not only in Russia, but in the whole world. Inclusive innovations nowadays should be adapted to peculiarities of the poor and other marginalized layers of population for the development of their potential.

The present research does not claim to be a full and final conclusion on the topic of prospects of inclusive innovations in Russia. The research on this topic may be carried out annually, since there is anticipation by the actors of inclusive innovation activity of its gradual development year after year. In the present paper we have studied inclusive innovations through the prism of entrepreneurs, showing their position on the issue, their problems, and their perspectives. Another interesting research could be devoted to the study of inclusive innovations in Russia from the Government's point of view: their aspirations, limitations, and perspectives.

inclusive innovation public statistical



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