"Revolution"

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11.11.2017
537,8 K

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: uޏKN̗t̓̂^`𖍂ɂȂA{ǂłvB[ , .] , . : Mr. Dombey's cup of satisfaction was so full at this moment, however, that he felt he could afford a drop or two of its contents, even to sprinkle on the dust in the by-path of his little daughter. , - , .

- . , , , , . , - : The hall applauded. ; The bucket has spilled. . .. // . .-. . - /, 2006. - 5. - 189 c

: uv[] , , ; upv[] , ; uzv[] ; u‚ځv[] ;uv[] .

[radden and kovecses]: , , , , , , . .

. 2

> >>

, , , uオv[ ] - ; uv[ ] (. ) ; uO炷v[ ] (. ) ; uOv[ ] (. ) ;uԂɈߒʁv [ ] (. ) .

:

1. - : We ate rabbit. .

2. - : She is wearing gold. .

3. - : I ate three plates. .

4. - : She is a real talent. .

5. - : He was the sole support of his father. . .. - .: , 1990. --160

, .

, , , ( ) , - // :

-- Married? [Are you] ?

-- Widower, sir. [I am a] Two children. [I have] , . .

, , : Sam was in her blood. Had always been. Would always be. . . .

ł[] a [a]. , : uAiÁBv[?, ?] , ?

, , : u‚ꂢłAȂ܂́Bv[ , ?] , ?

( ), - - ( , , ..), ( , , ), : uԊ̖͂ɊmMāv [ ](. ) , : , ( ? ); Girl Gymnast - Next Title - - ; Another Woman on Ice .

- , (, ..) , - . . - . - :-, 2011. - 45

, , , , , , , .. . : - , , .. . - .: , 1990. - 276 .

, , .

as , such as , as if , like , seem .: The boy seems to be as clever as his mother. , , , ; He was, by a combination of feelings and entanglements, almost deluded by that quality of voice and manner which, like a pathetic strain of music, seems ever a personal and intimate thing (Charles Dickens Dombey and Son ). , , , .

, . , :悤 [:], 悤[:], Ƃ[] , [] :û悤Ȏwv [ : ](. ) ; uĈ悤ɐ[ v[ : :] , ; uɂނ炪âƂW܂v[ ] ; uOpɎ`v [ ] ; uʂقǑދv [ ] .

, , , , u˂y̋v[ ] - , ; u‹̐S̖邢v[ ] - (), ..

- , // , , : Can you do anything right? - ? , , , , , ; uXN͑Ԗڂ̌ssɂł傤Bv[ : : ] , - , ?

, .. , , , : ulԂĂǂĒĂȂ̂Bv[ : ] ?

, . , , , . , : Are you nuts? ?

, , , , , . , , , ? .

, . , (, -ۂ[] ..), , , The Handbook of Japanese Linguistics, London: Blackwell Publishers, 1999. -98 .. .

,

[] ۂ[] :LoC[] ( Lo[[:] ) (), ; قۂ[] ( [] , ) ; ݂ۂ[] ( [-:] , ..) (), . , [] -, ; ۂ[] (ۂ[] ) (Yۂ[] ), , , -炵[-]. , . `bN[]( -tic), X[]( -less) t[] (-ful) :@σ`bN[] ([] ) ; OL`bN [] (OL- , : office lady) -;CX [] (C[]) . // . .: , 1983. -137 .

ĂĂ錾t[--] - , Ă[-] Ă[-], , - : Ă[] ( [] ); Ă[] (S[] ) , . , , . -- , , , .. : . . . : .: 2007 - 57 ..

,

[-]. : ~X[] ( miss) ; ^N [] ( ^NV[ɏ[: ]) . - , : }Nh[], }N[] ( }Nhihɍs[ ]) ;t@~ [] ( t@~[}[g[: : ]) - Family Mart.

,

-ing. O[-] : T{O[] ( T{[]) ; ܂jO[] (䖝 []) .

. / [: ], `[] ( [:]) ; Eg[]( ultra); S[] ( ); [] , ; X[p[[::] ( super); [] . , : [] ( 邢[] ) ; xO[:] ( x[Obh[:: ] - very good) ; xo [:] (򒷃x[obh [::] - verybad) .

, , . Tsujimura N. Word Formation (ed.) [The Handbook of Japanese Linguistics, London: Blackwell Publishers, 1999. -101 .

.

: , , .

: bunk ? Bunkie ; ween ? weenie ; kiddo ? kid ; townee , , , ? town + ? (, );

: natty , ? natural , ;

: smoko ? smoke ; jiggy ? jig .

, , , , . , ? . : , , ? , .., .. . - .: .., 2003. - 31 c.. : Wow! I won the game! -! !; Oh, I'm not sure about that. , ; uAւBv [, ] , !; uAȂBv[, ] , .

, , , : er , um , [] ; [] ; ͂āi͂Ăȁj[ ()] . . , , , , . , , .

, , , .

, , .

Aha! !

Pooh! ! ! !

Gosh! ! !

Hush! ! ! !

Yah! ?

Gracious Me! Gracious! !

.

1. , . (.. ), - . , , , . , ooh , : Ooh! What a kick! Ooh! What a delicious cake! ! !; ! ! , . , ( ), , . , , (oh, ah, well, wow ).

2. ; . , , .

Aha ! ( , ..)

Boo ! ( )

Oops , ( , )

3. , .. , , . , , , .

Ahey !

sst - ! (, -. )

4. ,

Hush - -- ( )

5. , .

Yep ! (, )

Shoo! ! ! .. .

(), :

;

, , ;

;

: /, , , , 琅JMq. _//{w.?@, 1998. - 12.- 4 .

, : , ? , , ? , ? .. ? , , , .

- .

) ?: ȂقǁI[] !; łˁI[: ] -!; قƁI[] ! ( {[:])

) , , : ܂ŁI[ ] ! ; I[:] !; I[ :] ! (. , !)

) ? () ? : ÂƂI[, :] , ; A͂I [, ] , !

) ?, : ͂‚炩 [ ] , ..; AVbN [:, .. ] -, , ..; ςȎv mĂ[.. .. ] ..;ςˁI[ ] , ..

([ȗ:])

, . , , . , (, , ? . .)

:

1. : (F)B [() ] -- [] , (i)X [()] -- [] , (Ȃ)ς[()] -- [] . . , , ;

2. :p()[()]--[] ,() [()] ? [] , ()[()]-- [] ,߂() [(:)]-- [] ;

3. : ()[()] -- [] ,() [(:)]-- [] ,^N(V[) [(:)]-- [] , ()[()] --[] . ( 40 %);

4. : C(X)g(N^[) [()(:)]--[] , RT([)o(eCu) [(:)()] -- [] , f()X(g[)^([) [()(:)(:)]--[] ;

5. : (Z) u(X)^[[()():]--[:] , ()(w)Z[(:)():]--[:] ;

6. : G(x[^[)K[() [(::):()] -- [:]?, (Ă)T() [()()] -- [] , Xm([){([h) [(:)(:)] -- [] ,()() [()()]--[] ;

7. : ()(w) [():()]-- [:] , ()O() [()()]--[] , ()ʃs[(v) [():()]--: ;

8. : C^(A)[()]--[] , , p[(eC) [:(:)]-- [:] ;

9. : w()() [()()]-- [] , o(GeC)(AC)h[()()]-- [] -;

10. : ƎĂ() [()]--[] , Ȓ(S) [:()]-- [:] , uz(e) [()]-- [] , r([) [(:)]-- [ ] ;

11. : ()() [()()] --[] ,()x([)o(bh) [(:)(:)()]--[] ;

12. : X([)p([)() [(:)(:)()]--[] . . . . . .: , 2007.- 42-46c..

, , , . , , [] , , C[], 傢[] , CF[], . , . Haruka Fukazawa and Mafuyu Kitahara A new model for language acquisition by introducing auditory constraints and modified markedness constraints, Phonology Forum 2005, Fukuoka University, Aug. 26c , , , . , - : uA‚ă}WvB[, ] , . . , , .. , : uă`[傭ȂHv[ : ?] , ?;}Wł傤ȂB[ - : ] .

?, . . : brill ? brilliant ; fab ? fabulous , . . ? , , , . , gruey ? gruesome , .

, ?, ; ?, . , ; , .

( ) (|u([:])

, , . ? , , ? . , , ˂[] ( [] ) ; : 9 -- , 1975. --14.. ? . : Q[n| [:] ( ͂[] ) ;W[}l[:] ( }l[W[:] ) ; ς‚[] ( [] ) ;ˁ[ [:] ( [] ) ; {r[] ( nR[:] ) ; [[:] ( [] ) .

, , , : , ..

, : flutterby ? butterfly , our queer Dean ? our dear Queen ; yob , ? boy .

([:])

, . () . , , . . - , : uEEv[] ; u{P{Pv [] ; uv[] ; uKbVKbVv[] ;uv[] ( 薺[ ](. ) ) , . : uuuv[] ( love) . , .

(booboo , yoyo , ) (freakyfreak , ) (, 1985). , : willie?wellie wellington boot , , . : party?hearty , ; away?day Ļ.

([:])

, (. )- , . , . . , , .

: EbL[[:] (ꂵ[] +bL[[:] (lucky ) ) , ; ߂܂[] (߂[] + ܂[] ) ;p[؂[:] (p[tFNg[:] + [] ) ; ΂[] (ׂ[] + ł΂[ ] ) ; oCi[] (oCoC[-] !+Ȃ[] !) !

, , , Jbv[] , , oJbv[] (΂[] + Jbv[] ) .

? , .

, :

1. : badical , ? bad , ()+ radical , ; brewsky ? brew + whisky ;

2. - : dilbert , ? dill + Gilbert; gongol ?goon + Mongol ;

3. -, , : alcoholiday ? alcohol + holiday .

, , , , : , , , , , . . , , III.

2.2 ,

(, ) - : , , , - . , , , he she, , , , .. - .: , 1990. --127. . , , Time , : this bloody tyrant Time (XVI) , ; devouring Time , do thy worst, old Time(XIX) , , .

. - , (a silvery laugh ), (to smile cuttingly ), (my sweet! !), , .., , .. . .: , 2002. -154 c. , . , , .

. .., .

: green wood , fair lady , salt tears , true love . , - : the sable night , wide sea , .. , . : a grand style , unvalued jewels , vast and trunkless legs of stone - , , , . . . , , . , , , : an angry sky , the howling storm , laughing valleys , surly sullen bells , . .. , ., " ", 1989. -93.

(an angel of a girl - , a horse of a girl , a doll of a wife - , a fool of a policeman - , a hook of a nose ) .

, . , . . , , . a doll of a wife , . . - wife, - doll. : the wife is like a doll the wife is a doll --. : the girl is an angel, a girl is a horse, the policeman is a fool, etc.

. .. - .: , 1990. --189 . horse , , , .

, . - , , , , , .

, , . - , (, , , ) .

, , , .

, , , : , , ? : uPerhaps he suffered, perhaps he hated, perhaps he loved by cruelty alone. , , , , , . (J. Galsworthy)

- , , . Rude am I in my speech. .

, . . ? , . , , , , , , , . . , , .

.

1. , , : Beautiful those donkeys were! ! (K. Mansfield. The Lady's Maid). , , : Artful-wasn't it? , ?(. Mansfield. The Lady's Maid)

2. : Her love letters I returned to the detectives for filing. . (Gr. Greene. End of the Affair).

3. , , , , , , : Spring begins with the first narcissus, rather cold and shy and wintry. , , (D.H. Lawrence); In some places there are odd yellow tulips, slender, spiky, and Chinese-looking. , , . (D.H. Lawrence).

4. , , , , , : Among them stood tulips. . (R. Aldington). .. : . . . : , 2008-55 .

, , ? , .

N > V, . :

: heart > to heart ?;

, : book > to book ;

, : chicken > to chicken ,

: party > to party ,

:

1) > N, : smug > smug , ; tiny > tiny ;

2) V > N, : to drop in , ? > drop-in , , ;

3) N > A, , : flash , boss , killer , dynamite , , , .

- . :

, : butterhead , (butter head ); belly?robber (belly robber , ); cokehead , (coke head ); horrorball (horror ball ) ..;

? ? , : airhead (air head ); cherry-top (cherry top ).

, , -, - , , .

.., , , 4 :

1. , . :

) : only .: I only asked if he would be able to help us. , ;

) ? even , only , just , , alone : My salary alone isn't enough to buy a car. , .

) : just , right , exactly , precisely : He is right the man we need for this role. , .

) else : What else did he say? ?

2. :

) not : We'll write an essay tomorrow, not today. , .

) ? never , not : I'll never do that again. .

3. , - - : simply , merely , even , yet, still , just , , never .: That blockbuster was simply awful. .

4. : also , too , as well . - : I'm going to visit my grandmother. My brother is going to visit her too. . .. : . . . .: , 2009.-55-57 .

. : just, but, only not. just, , (It was just a joke. !; It is just scandalous. !; It is just what I want. , ); but only - ; not , -.

2.2 , , , : , , , , . , .

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