Основы гендерной психологии

Рассмотрение сущности гендерных отличий. Ознакомление с некоторыми психологическими механизмами, которые являются базой для создания гендерных стереотипов. Исследование понятия пола только как демографической категории, основанной на биологическом поле.

Рубрика Психология
Вид книга
Язык русский
Дата добавления 15.09.2014
Размер файла 377,3 K

Отправить свою хорошую работу в базу знаний просто. Используйте форму, расположенную ниже

Студенты, аспиранты, молодые ученые, использующие базу знаний в своей учебе и работе, будут вам очень благодарны.

212. Heilman, M. E., & Martell, R. F. (1986). Exposure to successful women: Antidote to sex discrimination in applicant screening decisions? Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 37,376-390.

213. Heister. G, Landis, Т., Regard, M., & Schroeder-Heister, P. (1989). Shift of functional cerebral asymmetry during the menstrual cycle. Neuropsychologia, 27,871-880.

214. Helgeson, V. S. (1990). The role of masculinity in a prognostic predictor of heart attack severity. Sex Roles, 22,755-774.

215. Hellwege, D. R., Perry, K., & Dobson, J. (1988). Perceptual differences in gender ideas among heterosexual and homosexual males and females. Sex Roles, 19,735-746.

216. Henley, N. M. (1989). Molehill or mountain? What we know and don't know about sex bias in language. In M. Crawford & M. Gentry (Eds.), Gender and thought: Psychological perspectives (pp. 59-78). New York: Springer-Verlag.

217. Hepbum, C. (1985). Memory for the frequency of sex-typed versus neutral behaviors: Implications for the maintenance of sex stereotypes. Sex Roles, 12,771-776.

218. Hewlett, B. S. (1992). Husband-wife reciprocity and the father-infant relationship among Aka pygmies. In B. S. Hewlett (Ed.), Father-child relations: Cultural and biosocial contexts (pp. 153-176). New York: Aldine de Gruyter.

219. Hochschild, A. (1989). The second shift. New York: Viking Press.

220. Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture's consequences: International ditferences in work-related values. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

221. Hollander, E. P. (1983). Women and leadership. In H. H. Blumenfield, A. P. Hare, V. Kent, & M. Davies (Eds.), Small groups and social interaction (Vol. 1, pp. 423-429). New York: Wiley.

222. Horner, M. S. (1969, June). Fail: Bright women. Psychology Today, p. 36.

223. Hort, B. E., Leinbach, M. D., & Fagot, B. I. (1991). Is there coherence among the cognitive components of gender acquisition? Sex Roles, 24,195-207.

224. Hubbard, R. (1990). The political nature of 'human nature.' In D. L. Rhode (Ed), Theoretical perspectives on sexual difference (pp. 63-73). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

225. Hudak, M. A. (1993). Gender schema theory revisited: Men's stereotypes of American women. Sex Roles, 28,279-293.

226. Huston, A. C. (1983). Sex-typing. In P. H. Mussen & E. M. Hetherington (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology (Vol. 4, pp. 387-467). New York: Wiley.

227. Hyde, J. S. (1984a). Children's understanding of sexist language. Developmental Psychology, 20,697-706.

228. Hyde, J. S. (1984b). How large are gender differences in aggression: A developmental meta-analysis. Developmental Psychology, 20,722-736.

229. Hyde, J. S. (1986). Gender differences in aggression. In J. A. Hyde & M. C. Linn (Eds.), The psychology of gender: Advances through meta-analysis. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

230. Hyde, J. S. (1991). Half the human experience: The psychology of women (4th ed.). Lexington, MA: D. C. Heath and Company.

231. Hyde, J. S. (1992). Gender and sex: So what has meta-analysis done for me? The Psychology Teacher Network Newsletter, 2,2-6.

232. Hyde, J. S., Fennema, E., & Lamon, S. J. (1990b). Gender comparisons of mathematics attitudes and affect: A meta-analysis. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 14,299-324.

233. Hyde, J. S., & Frost, L. A. (1993). Meta-analysis in the psychology of women. In F. L. Denmark & M. A. Paludi (Eds.), Psychology of women: A handbook of issues and theories (pp. 67-104). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

234. Hyde, J. S., & Linn, M. C. (1986). The psychology of gender: Advances through meta-analysis. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

235. Hyde, J. S., Rosenberg, B. G., & Behrman, J. (1977). Tomboyism. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 2,73-75.

236. Ickovics, J. R. (1989). Is any job better than no job at all? The social psychological consequences of underemployment for women. Dissertation Abstracts International, 50,5926B. (University Microfilms No. 90-09,214).

237. Ilgen, D. R., & Youtz, M. A. (1986). Factors affecting the evaluation and development of minorities in organizations. Personnel and Human Resources Management, 4,307-337.

238. llyas, Q. S. M. (1990). Determinants of perceived role conflict among women in Bangladesh. Sex Roles, 22,237-248.

239. Ishii-Kuntz, M. (1993). Japanese fathers: Work demands and family roles. In J. C. Hood (Ed.), Men, work, and family (pp. 45-67). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

240. Jacklin, C. N. (1989). Female and mate: Issues of gender. American Psychologist, 44,127-133.

241. Jacobs, J. A. (1992). Women's entry into management: Trends in earnings, authority, and values among salaried managers. Administrative Science Quarterly, 37,282-301.

242. Jacobs, J. A., & Steinberg, R. (1990). Compensating differentials and the male-female wage gap: Evidence from the New York State Comparable Worth Study. Social Forces, 69,439-468.

243. Jankowiak, W. (1992). Father-child relations in urban China. In B. S. Hewlett (Ed.), Father-child relations: Cultural and biosocial contexts (pp. 345-363). New York: Aldine de Gruyter.

244. Johnson, J., & Ettema, J. S. (1962). Positive images: Breaking stereotypes with children's television. Beverly Hills: Sage.

245. Johnson, J. Т., & Shulman, G. A. (1983). More alike than meets the eye: Perceived gender differences in subjective experience and its display. Sex Roles, 19,67-79.

246. Jones, В. Н., & McNamara, K. (1991). Attitudes toward women and their work roles: Effects of intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientations. Sex Roles, 24,21-29.

247. Jones, G. P., & Dembo, M. H. (1989). Age and sex role differences in intimate friendships during childhood and adolescence. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 35,445-462.

248. Junn, E. N., Beason, K., Endo, E., Von Rotz, D., & Lacayo, A. (1994, August). Portrayals of love, marriage, and sexuality in Walt Disney's animated films. Paper presented at the American Psychological Association meeting, Los Angeles.

249. Kagan, J. (1964). Acquisition and significance of sex-typing and sex-role concepts and attitudes. In M. L. Hoffman & L. W. Hoffman (Eds.), Review of child development research. New York: Sage.

250. Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., & Tversky, A. (1982). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. New York: Cambridge University Press.

251. Kalin, R., & Tilby, R. (1978). Development and validation of a sex-role ideology scale. Psychological Report, 42, 731-738.

252. Kanter, R. M. (1976). The impact of hierarchical structures on the work behavior of women and men. Social Problems, 23, 415-430.

253. Kanter, R. M. (1977). Men and women of the corporation. New York: Basic Books.

254. Kapian, A., Brooks, В., McComb, A, L, Shapiro, E. R., & Sodano, A. (1983). Women and anger in psychotherapy. Women and Therapy, 2,29-40.

255. Katzenstein, M. F. (1989). Organizing against violence: Strategies of the Indian women's movement. Pacific Affairs, 62,53-71.

256. Kenrick, O. T. (1987). Gender, genes, and the social environment: A biosocial interactionist perspective. In P. Shaver & C. Hendrick (Eds.), Sex and gender: Review of personality and social psychology (Vol. 7, pp. 14-43). Beverly Hills, Sage.

257. Kenrick, D. T. (1988). Biology: Si! Hard-wired ability: Maybe no. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 11, 199-200.

258. Kerig, P. K., Alyoshina, Y. Y., & Volovich, A. S. (1993). Gender-role socialization in contemporary Russia. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 17, 389-408.

259. Kibria, N., Barnett, R. C., Baruch, G. K., & Marshall, N. L. (1990). Homemaking-role quality and the psychological well-being and distress of employed women. Sex Roles, 22, 327-347.

260. Kilmartin, C. T. (1994). The masculine self. New York: Macmillan.

261. Kimball, M. M. (1986). Television and sex role attitudes. In T. Williams (Ed), The impact of television: A natural experiment in three communities. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.

262. Kimmel, M. S. (1987). The contemporary 'crisis' of masculinity in historical perspective. In H. Brod (Ed.), The making of masculinities (pp. 121-154). Boston, MA: Alien & Unwin.

263. Kimmel, M. S. (1992). Issues for men in the 1990's. University of Miami Law Review, 48,671-683.

264. Kimmel, M. S. (1994). Masculinity as homophobia: Fear, shame, and silence in the construction of gender identity. In H. Brod and M. Kaufman (Eds.), Theorizing masculinities (pp. 119-141). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

265. Kimmel, M. S., & Kaufman, M. (1994). Weekend warriors: The new men's movement. In H. Brod and M. Kaufman (Eds.), Theorizing masculinities (pp. 274-288). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

266. King, W. C., Jr., Miles, E. W., & Kniska, J. (1991). Boys will be boys (and girls will be girls): The attribution of gender role stereotypes in a gaming situation. Sex Roles, 25,607-623.

267. Kite, M. E., & Deaux, K. (1987). Gender belief systems: Homosexuality and the implicit inversion theory. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 11,83-96.

268. Kohlberg, L. A. (1966). A cognitive-development analysis of children's sex-role concepts and attitudes. In E. E. Maccoby (Ed.), The development of sex differences (pp. 82-172). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

269. Konrad, A. M., & Cannings, K. (1993, May). Climbing the management hierarchy: Does family really have more impact on women ? Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Eastern Academy of Management, Providence, Rl.

270. Konrad, A. M., & Cannings, K. (1994). Of mommy tracks and glass ceilings: A case study of men's and women's careers in management. Relations industrielles, 49,303-334.

271. Konrad, A. M., & Pfeffer, J. (1991). Understanding the hiring of women and minorities in educational institutions. Sociology of Education, 64,141-157.

272. Kopper, B. A., & Epperson, D. L. (1991). Women and anger: Sex and sex-role comparisons in the expression of anger. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 15, 7-14.

273. Kottke, J. L. (1988). Can androgyny be assessed with a single scale? Psychological Reports, 63,987-991.

274. Krause, N. (1983). Conflicting sex-role expectations, housework dissatisfaction, and depressive symptoms among full-time housewives. Sex Roles, 9,1115-1125.

275. Kuhn, D., Nash, S., & Brucken, L. (1978). Sex role concepts of two- and three-year-olds. Child Development, 49,445-451.

276. Kupers, T. A. (1993). Revisioning men's lives: Gender, intimacy, and power. New York: Guilford Press.

277. Kushell, E., & Newton, R. (1986). Gender, leadership style, and subordinate satisfaction: An experiment. Sex Roles, 14,203-209.

278. LaCroix, A. Z., & Haynes, S. G. (1987). Gender differences in the health effects of workplace roles. In R. C. Bamett, L. Biener, & G. K. Baruch (Eds.), Gender and stress (pp. 96-121).

279. LaFromboise, T. D., Heyle, A. M., & Ozer, E. J. (1990). Changing and diverse roles of women in American Indian cultures. Sex Roles, 22,455-486.

280. Lagerspetz, K. M. J., Bjorkqvist, K., & Peltonen, T. (1988). Is indirect aggression typical of females? Gender differences in aggressiveness in 11- to 12-year-old children. Aggressive Behavior, 14, 403-414.

281. Lamb, M. E. (1981). Father and child development: An integrative overview. In M. E. Lamb (Ed.), The role of the father in child development (pp. 1-70). New York: Wiley.

282. Lamb, M. E., Frodi, A. M., Hwang, C. P., Frodi, M., & Steinberg, J. (1982). Mother-and father-infant interaction involving play and holding in traditional and nontraditional Swedish families. Developmental Psychology, 18, 215-221.

283. Langlois, J. H., & Downs, А. С. (1980). Mothers, fathers, and peers and socialization agents of sex-typed play behaviors in young children. Child Development, 51,1237-1247.

284. Lapiere, R. T. (1934). Attitudes vs. action. Social Forces, 13, 230-237.

285. Larwood, L, Szwajkowski, E., & Rose, S. (1988). Sex and race discrimination resulting from manager-client relationships: Applying the rational bias theory of managerial discrimination. Sex Roles, 18,9-29.

286. Latane, B. (1981). The psychology of social impact. American Psychologist, 36,343-356.

287. Lavine, L. O., & Lombardo, J. P. (1984). Self-disclosure: Intimate arid nonintimate disclosures to parents and best friends as a function of Bem sex-role category. Sex Roles, 11,760-768.

288. Lawrence, F., Draughn, P., Tasker, G., & Wozniak, P. (1987). Sex differences in household labor time: A comparison of rural and urban couples. Sex Roles, 17, 489-601.

289. Lebra, T. S. (1984). Japanese women: Constraint and fulfillment. Honolulu: University of Hawaii.

290. Leinbach, M. D., & Fagot, B. I. (1986). Acquisition of gender labels: A test for toddlers. Sex Roles, 15, 655-666.

291. Lemkau, J. P., & Landau, C. (1986). The 'selfless syndrome': Assessment and treatment considerations. Psychotherapy, 23,227-233.

292. Lerner, M. J. (1980). The belief in a just world: A fundamental delusion. New York: Plenum Press.

293. Liben, L. S., & Signorella, M. L. (1980). Gender-related schemata and constructive memory in children. Child Development, 51,563-574.

294. Linn, M. C. (1985). Gender equity in computer learning environments. Computers and the Social Sciences, 1,19-27.

295. Linn, M. C. (1986). Meta-analysis of studies of gender differences: Implications and future directions. In J. S. Hyde & M. C. Linn (Eds.), The psychology of gender: Advances through meta-analysis (pp. 210-232). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

296. Linn, M. C., & Peterson, A. C. (1986). A meta-analysis of gender differences in spatial ability: Implications for math and science achievement. In J. S. Hyde & M. C. Linn (Eds.), The psychology of gender: Advances through meta-analysis (pp. 67-101). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

297. Lips, H. M. (1991). Women, men, and power. Mountain View, CA:Mayfield.

298. Lipsey, M. W., & Wilson, D. B. (1993). The efficacy of psychological, educational, and behavioral treatment. American Psychologist, 48,1181-1209.

299. Lott, B. (1991). Social psychology: Humanist roots and feminist future. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 15,505-519.

300. Lott, В., & Maluso, D. (1993). The social learning of gender. In A. E. Beall & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The psychology of gender (pp. 99-126). New York: Guilford Press.

301. Lovdal, L. T. (1989). Sex role messages in television commercials: An update. Sex Roles, 21, 715-724.

302. Maccoby, E. E. (1990). Gender and relationships: A developmental account. American Psychologist, 45, 513-520.

303. Maccoby, E. E., & Jacklin, C. N. (1974). The psychology of sex differences. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

304. Maccoby, E. E., & Jacklin, C. N. (1987). Gender segregation in childhood. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 20, 239-287.

305. MacKay, D. (1980). Prescriptive grammar and the pronoun problem. American Psychologist, 35, 444-449.

306. Major, В., Feinstein, J., & Crocker, J. (1994). Attributional ambiguity of affirmative action. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 15,113-142.

307. Majors, R. (1990). Cool pose: Black masculinity and sports. In M. A. Messner & D. F. Sabo (Eds.), Sport, men, and the gender order: Critical feminist perspective (p. 109-113). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Books.

308. Majors, R., & Billson, J. M. (1992). Cool pose. New York: Lexington.

309. Mansfield, P. K., Koch, P. В., Henderson, J., Vicary, J. R., Cohn, M., & Young, E. W. (1991). The job climate for women in traditionally male blue-collar occupations. Sex Roles, 25,63-79.

310. Margolis, D. R. (1993). Women's movements around the world: Cross-cultural comparisons. Gender and Society, 7, 379-399.

311. Markus, H., & Zajonc, R. B. (1985). The cognitive perspective in social psychology. In G. Lindzey & E. Aronson (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology (3rd ed., Vоl. I). New York: Random House.

312. Martin, B. A. (1989). Gender differences in salary expectations when current salary information is provided. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 13, 87-96.

313. Martin, C. L. (1989). Children's use of gender-related information in making social judgments. Developmental Psychology, 35, 80-88.

314. Martin, C. L (1990). Attitudes and expectations about children with nontraditional and traditional gender roles. Sex Roles, 22,151-165.

315. Martin, C. L. (1993). Theories of sex typing: Moving toward multiple perspectives. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 58,75-85.

316. Martin, C. L, & Halverson, C. F., Jr. (1981). A schematic processing model of sex typing and stereotyping in children. Child Development, 52, 1119-1134.

317. Martin, C. L, & Halverson, C. F., Jr. (1983 a). The effects of sex-typing schemas on young children's memory. Child Development, 54, 563-574.

318. Martin, C. L., & Halverson, C. F., Jr. (1983 b). Gender constancy: A methodological and theoretical analysis. Sex Roles, 9, 775-790.

319. Martinko, M. J., & Gardner, J. (1983). A methodological review of sex-related access discrimination problems. Sex Roles, 9, 825-839.

320. Massengill, D., & DiMarco, N. (1979). Sex-role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics: A current replication. Sex Roles, 5, 561-569.

321. Matsumoto, D. (1994). People: Psychology from a cross-cultural perspective. Belmont, CA: Brooks-Cole.

322. Matyas, M. L. (1987). Keeping undergraduate women in science and engineering: Contributing factors and recommendations for action. In J. Z. Daniels & J. B. Kahle (Eds.), Contributions to the fourth GASAT conference (Vol. 3, pp. 112-122). Washington, DC: National Science Foundation.

323. Maupin, R. J. (1993). How can women's lack of upward mobility in accounting firms be explained? Group and Organization Management, 18,132-152.

324. McAdoo, H. Р. (1983). Societal stress: The black family. In H. C. McCubbin & C. R. Figley (Eds.), Stress and the family (pp. 178-187). New York: Brunner/Mazel.

325. McAninch, С. В., Manolis, M. В., Milich, R., & Harris, M.J. (1993). Impression formation in children: Influence of gender and expectancy. Child Development, 64,1492-1506.

326. McGhee, P. E., & Frueh, T. (1980). Television viewing and the learning of sex role stereotypes. Sex Roles, 6, 179-188.

327. McHugh, M. C., Koeske, R. D., & Frieze, I. H. (1986). Issues to consider in conducting nonsexist psychological research: A guide for researchers. American Psychologist, 41, 879-890.

328. Meehan, A. M., & Janik, L. M. (1990). Illusory correlation and the maintenance of sex role stereotypes in children. Sex Roles, 22, 83-95.

329. Messner, M. (1987). The meaning of success: The athletic experience and the development of male identity. In H. Brod (Ed.), The making of masculinities: The new men's studies (pp. 193-210). Boston: Alien & Unwin.

330. Miller, C. L. (1987). Qualitative differences among gender-stereotyped toys: Implications for cognitive and social development in girls and boys. Sex Roles, 16,473-487.

331. Mischel, W. (1970). Sex typing and socialization. In P. H. Mussen (Ed.), Carmichael's manual of child psychology (Vol.2). New York: Wiley.

332. Model, S. (1982). Housework by husbands: Determinants and implications. In J. Aldous (Ed.), Two paychecks: Life in dual-earning families (pp. 193-206). Beverly Hills: Sage.

333. Moghaddam, F. M., Taylor, D. M., & Wright, S. C. (1993). Social psychology in cross-cultural perspective. New York: Freeman.

334. Moore, M. L. (1992). The family as portrayed on prime-time television, 1947-1990: Structure and characteristics. Sex Roles, 26, 41-61.

335. Morrison, A. M., White, R. P., & Van Velsor, E. (1987). Breaking the glass ceiling: Can women reach the top of America's largest corporations? New York: Addison-Wesley.

336. Moscovici, S. (1985). Social influence and conformity. In G. Lindgey & E. Aronson (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (3rd ed., Vol. 2), pp. 347-412. New York: Random House.

337. Munroe, R. H., Shimmin, H. S., & Munroe, R. L. (1984). Gender understanding and sex role preference in four cultures. Developmental Psychology, 20,673-682.

338. Munroe, R. L, & Munroe, R. H. (1975). Cross-cultural human development. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.

339. Munroe, R. L., & Munroe, R. H. (1992). Fathers in children's environments: A four culture study. In B. S. Hewlett (Ed.), Father-child relations: Cultural and biosocial contexts (pp. 213-230). New York: Aldine de Gruyter.

340. Murrell, A. J.. Dietz-Uhler, B. L, & Aovidio, J. F. (1994). Aversive racism and resistance to affirmative action. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 15, 71-86.

341. Myers, D. G. (1990). Social psychology (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

342. Nacoste, R. B. (1990). Sources of stigma: Analyzing the psychology or affirmative action. Law and Policy, 12,175-195.

343. National Research Council. (1990). Who cares for America's children: Child care policy for the 1990's. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

344. Nelson, D. L, Quick, J. C., Hitt, M. A., & Moesel, D. (1990). Politics, lack of career progress, and work/home conflict: Stress and strain for working women. Sex Roles, 23, 169-184.

345. Newport, F. (1993, October). Americans now more likely to say: Women have it harder than men. The Gallup Poll Monthly.

346. Nieva, V. G., & Gutek, B. A. (1981). Women and work: A psychological perspective. New York: Praeger.

347. Nisbett, R. E, & Ross, L. (1980). Human inference: Strategies and shortcomings. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

348. Nkomo, S. M., & Сох, Т., Jr. (1989). Gender differences in the upward mobility of black managers: Double whammy or double advantage? Sex Roles, 21, 825-839.

349. Nsamenang, B. A. (1992). Perceptions of parenting among the Nso of Cameroon. In B. S. Hewlett (Ed.), Father-child relations: Cultural and biosocial contexts (pp 321-344). New York: Aldine de Gruyter.

350. Nussbaum, M. (1992). Human functioning and social justice: In defense of Aristotelian essentialism. Political Theory, 20, 202-246.

351. Okin, S. M. (1989). Justice, gender, and the family. New York: Basic Books.

352. O'Leary, V. E., Unger, R. K., & Wallston, B. S. (Eds.). (1985). Women, gender and social psychology. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

353. Olson, J. E., & Frieze, I. H. (1987). Income determinants for women in business. In A. H. Stromberg, L. Larwood, & B. A. Gutek (Eds.), Women and work: An annual review (Vol. 2, pp. 173-206). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

354. O'Neil, J. M. (1990). Assessing men's gender role conflict. In D. Moore & F. Leafgren (Eds.), Problem solving strategies and interventions for men in conflict (pp. 23-38). Alexandria, VA: American Association for Counseling and Development.

355. O'Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men's and women's gender role journeys: A metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107-123). New York: Springer-Verlag.

356. O'Neil, J. M., Good, G. E., & Holmes, S. (1995). Fifteen years of theory and research on men's gender role conflict: New paradigms for empirical research. In R. Levant and W. Pollack (Eds.), Foundations for anew psychology of men. New York: Basic Books.

357. O'Neil, J. M., Helms, B. J., Gable, R. K., David, L, & Wrightsman, L. S. (1986). Gender-role conflict scale: College men's fear of femininity. Sex Roles. 14, 335-350.

358. O'Neil, J. M., & Roberts Carroll, M. (1987). A six day workshop on gender conflict and strain: Helping men and women take the gender role journey. Storrs, CT: University of Connecticut, Department of Educational Psychology, Counseling Psychology Program. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 275 963).

359. O'Neil, J. M., & Roberts Carroll, M. (1988a). Evaluation of gender role workshop: Three years of follow up data. Storrs, CT: University of Connecticut, Department of Educational Psychology, Counseling Psychology Program. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 287121).

360. Orlofsky, J. L. (1977). Sex-role orientation, identity formation, and self-esteem in college men and women. Sex Roles, 3, 561-575.

361. Oskamp, S. (1991). Attitudes and opinions. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

362. Padavic, I., & Reskin, B. F. (1990). Men's behavior and women's interest in blue-collar jobs. Social Problems, 37, 613-627.

363. Parke, R. D., & Neville, B. (1987). Teenage fatherhood. In S. L Hofferth & C. D. Hayes (Eds.), Risking the future: Adolescent sexuality, pregnancy, and childbearing (pp. 145-173). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

364. Parke, R. D., & Tinsley, B. R. (1981). The father's role in infancy: Determinants of involvement in caregiving and play. In M. E. Lamb (Ed.), The role of the father in child development (pp. 429-457). New York: Wiley.

365. Parsons, J. E, Kaczala, C. M., & Meece, J. L. (1982). Socialization of achievement attitudes and beliefs: Classroom influences. Child Development, 53,322-339.

366. Pedersen, F. A., Andersen, B. J., & Cain, R. L. (1980). Parent-infant and husband-wife interactions observed at age 5 months. In F. A. Pedersen (Ed.), The father-infant relationship: Observational studies in the family setting (pp. 71-86). New York: Praeger.

367. Pena, М. (1991). Class, gender, and machismo: The 'treacherous women' folklore of Mexican male workers. Gender and Society, 5,30-46.

368. Peplau, L A., & Gordon, S. L. (1983). The intimate relationships of lesbians and gay men. In E. R. Allgeier & N. B. McCormick (Eds.), Changing boundaries: Gender roles and sexual behavior (pp. 226-244). Palo Alto, CA: Mayfield.

369. Peretti, P. O., & Sydney, Т. М. (1985). Parental toy choice stereotyping and its effects on child toy preference and sex-role typing. Social Behavior and Personality, 12,213-216.

370. Perry, D. G., Perry, L. C., & Weiss, R. J. (1989). Sex differences in the consequences that children anticipate for aggression. Developmental Psychology, 25,312-319.

371. Pfost, K. S., & Fiore, M. (1990). Pursuit of nontraditional occupations: Fear of success or fear of not being chosen. Sex Roles, 23,15-24.

372. Phares, V. (1992). Where's poppa? The relative lack of attention to the role of fathers in child and adolescent psychopathology. American Psychologist, 47,656-664.

373. Phelan, S. (1993). (Be) Coming out: Lesbian identity and politics. Signs, 18, 765-790.

374. Piercy, M. (1976). Woman on the edge of time. New York: Fawcett Crest.

375. Pike, R. (1954). Language in relation to a united theory of human behavior. Glendale, CA: Summer Institute of Linguistics.

376. Piliavin, J. A., Dovidio, J. F., Gaertner, S. L, & Clark, R. D., Ill (1981). Emergency intervention. New York: Academic Press.

377. Piliavin, J. A., & Unger, R. K. (1985). The helpful but helpless female: A myth or reality? In V. E. O'Leary, R. K. Unger, & B. S. Wallston (Eds.), Women, gender and social psychology (pp. 149-189). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

378. Pitcher, E, & Schultz, L (1983). Boys and girls at play: The development of sex roles. New York: Bergin & Garvey.

379. Pleck, J. H. (1977). The work-family role system. Social Problems, 24,417-428.

380. Pleck, J. H. (1978). Males' traditional attitudes toward women: Contemporary issues in research. In J. Sherman and F. Denmark (Eds.), The psychology of women: New directions in research (pp. 617-644). New York: Psychological Dimensions.

381. Pleck, J. H. (1981, September). Prisoners of manliness. Psychology Today, pp. 69-80.

382. Pleck, J. H. (1983). Husbands' paid work and family roles: Current research issues. In H. Z. Lopata & J. H. Pleck (Eds.), Research in the interweave of social roles: Families and jobs (Vol. 3, pp. 251-333). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

383. Pleck, J. H. (1985). Working wives/Working husbands. Beverly Hills: Sage.

384. Pleck, J. H. (1987). The theory of male sex-role identity: Its rise and fall, 1936 to the present. In H. Brod (Ed.), The making of masculinities (pp. 21-38). Boston: Alien & Unwin.

385. Pleck, J. H. (1993). Are 'family-supportive' employer policies relevant to men? In J. C. Hood (Ed.), Men, work, and family (pp. 217-237). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

386. Pleck, J. H., Sonenstein, F. L, & Ku, L. C. (1993a). Masculinity ideology and its correlates. In S. Oskamp & M. Costanzo (Eds.), Gender issues in contemporary society (pp. 85-110). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

387. Plumb, P., & Cowan, G. (1984). A developmental study of de-stereotyping and androgynous activity preferences of tomboys, nontomboys, and males. Sex Roles, 10, 703-712.

388. Pomerleau, A., Bolduc, G. M, & Cossette, L. (1990). Pink or blue: Environmental gender stereotypes in the first two years of life. Sex Roles, 22,359-367.

389. Powell, G. N. (1987). Women and men in organizations. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

390. Powell, G. N. (1990). One more time: Do female and male managers differ? Academy of Management Executive, 4, 68-75.

391. Powell, G. N., & Butterfield, D. A. (1984), If 'good managers' are masculine, what are 'bad managers?' Sex Roles, 10, 477-484.

392. Powlishta, K. K. (1990, April). Children's biased views of male and female traits. Paper presented at the second annual convention of the American Psychological Society, Dallas.

393. Purcell, P., & Stewart, L. (1990). Dick and Jane in 1989. Sex Roles, 22,177-185.

394. Putnam, L. L, & McCallister, L. (1980). Situational effects of task and gender on nonverbal display. In D. Nimno (Ed.), Communication yearbook, 4. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.

395. Quattrone, G. A. (1986). On the perception of a group's variability. In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (2nd ed., pp. 25-48). Chicago: Nelson-Hall.

396. Rachels, J. (1993). The elements of moral philosophy (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

397. Raymond, C. L, & Benbow, C. (1986). Gender differences in mathematics: A function of parental support and student sex typing? Developmental Psychology, 22,808-819.

398. Reid, H. M., & Fine, G. A. (1992). Self-disclosure in men's friendships: Variations associated with intimate relations. In P. M. Nardi (Ed.), Men's friendships (pp. 132-152). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

399. Repetti, R. L, Matthews, K. A., & Waldron, I. (1989). Employment and women's health: Effects of paid employment on women's mental and physical health. American Psychologist, 44,1394-1401.

400. Riggio, R. E., & Zimmerman, J. (1991). Social skills and interpersonal relationships: Influences on social support seeking. In W. H. Jones & D. Perlman (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships (Vol. 2, pp. 133-155). London: Jessica Kingsley.

401. Roberts, D., & Bachen, С. (1981). Mass communication effects. Annual Review of Psychology, 32, 307-356.

402. Rogers, S. C. (1985). Gender in Southwestern France: The myth of male dominance revisited. Anthropology, 9,65-86.

403. Rogoff, B. (1981). The relation of age and sex to experiences during childhood in a highland community. Anthropology UCLA, 11, 25-41.

404. Rosario, L (1982). The self-perception of Puerto Rican women toward their societal roles. In R. E. Zambrana (Ed.), Work, family, and health: Latina women in transition (pp. 95-107). New York: Hispanic Research Center.

405. Rosenthal, R. (1991). Meta-analytic procedures for social research (rev. ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

406. Rose, L. D. (1977). The intuitive psychologist and his shortcomings: Distortions in the attribution process. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 10, pp. 174-214). New York: Academic Press.

407. Rubin, J. Z, Pruitt, D. G., & Kim, S. H. (1994). Social conflict: Escalation, stalemate, and settlement (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

408. Ruble, D. N., Balaban, Т., & Cooper, J. (1981). Gender constancy and the effects of sex-typed televised toy commercials. Child Development, 52, 667-673.

409. Ruble, D. N., & Ruble, T. L. (1982). Sex stereotypes. In A. G. Miller (Ed.), In the eye of the beholder: Contemporary issues in stereotyping (pp. 188-252). New York: Praeger.

410. Ruble, D. N., & Stangor, C. (1986). Stalking the elusive schema: Insights from developmental and social-psychological analyses of gender schemas. Social Cognition, 4,227-261.

411. Ruble, T. L., Cohen, R., & Ruble, D. N. (1984). Sex stereotypes: Occupational barriers for women. American Behavioral Scientist, 27,339-356.

412. Russell, G. (1978). The father role and its relation to masculinity, femininity, and androgyny. Child Development, 49,1174-1181.

413. Russell, G. (1986). Primary caretaking and role-sharing fathers. In M. E. Lamb (Ed.), The father's role: Applied perspectives, (pp. 29-57). New York: Wiley.

414. Russell, G., & Radin, N. (1983). Increased paternal participation: The father's perspective. In M. E. Lamb & A. Sagi (Eds.), Fatherhood and family policy (pp. 139-166). Hillsdale,NJ:Eribaum.

415. Rytina, N. (1983). Tenure as a factor in the male-female earnings gap. Monthly Labor Review, 107, 32-34.

416. Sabo, D., & Jansen, S. C. (1992). Images of men in sport media: The social reproduction of gender order. In S. Craig (Ed.), Men, masculinity, and the media (pp. 169-186). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

417. Sadker, M., & Sadker, D. (1982). Sex equity handbook for schools. New York: Longman.

418. Saurer, M. K., & Eisler, R. M. (1990). The role of masculine gender role stress in expressivity and social support network factors. Sex Roles, 23,261-271.

419. Scarr, S. (1984). Mother care, other care. New York: Basic Books.

420. Scarr, S., & McCartney, K. (1983). How people make their own environments: A theory of genotype-environment effects. Child Development, 54,424-435.

421. Schein, V. E., Mueller, R., & Jacobson, C. (1989). The relationship between sex role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics among college students. Sex Roles, 20, 103-111.

422. Seavey, C., Katz, P., & Zalk, S. (1975). Baby X: The effect of gender labels on adult responses to infants. Sex Roles, 1, 103-109.

423. Sedney, M. A. (1989). Conceptual and methodological sources of controversies about androgyny. In R. K. Linger (Ed), Social constructions of gender. Amityville, NY: Baywood Press.

424. Seginer, R., Karayanni, M., & Mar'i, M. (1990). Adolescents' attitudes toward women's role: A comparison between Israeli Jews and Arabs. Psychology Women Quarterly, 14, 119-133.

425. Serbin, L A., Powlishta, K. K., & Gulko, J. (1993). The development of sex typing in middle childhood. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 58,1-74.

426. Shaffer, D. R., Pegalis, L, & Cornell, D. P. (1991). Interactive effects of social context and sex role identity on female self-disclosure during the acquaintance process. Sex Roles. 24, 1-19.

427. Shakin, M., Shakin, D., & Stemglanz, S. H. (1985). Infant clothing: Sex labeling for strangers. Sex Roles, 12, 955-964.

428. Shaver, P., & Freedman, J. (1976, October). Your pursuit of happiness. Psychology Today, pp. 26-29, 31-32, 75.

429. Shehan, C. L. (1984). Wives' work and psychological well-being: An extension of Gove's social role theory of depression. Sex Roles, 17, 881-888.

430. Shelton, B. A., & John, D. (1993). Ethnicity, race, and difference: A comparison of white, black, and hispanic men's household labor time. In J. C. Hood (Ed.), Men, work, and family (pp. 131-150). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

431. Sherif, M. (1937). An experimental approach to the study of attitudes. Sociometry, 1, 90-98.

432. Sherrod, D. (1989). The influence of gender on same-sex friendships. In C. Hendrick (Ed.), Review of personality and social psychology: Vol. 10. Close relationships (pp. 164-186). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

433. Shirakawa, Y., Shiralshi, Т., & Sukemune, S. (1992). Current research on gender roles in Japan. Psychology, 35,193-200.

434. Shumaker, S. A., & Hill, D. R. (1991). Gender differences in social support and physical health. Health Psychology, 10, 102-111.

435. Siavelis, R. L, & Lamke, L. K. (1992). Instrumentalness and expressiveness: Predictors of heterosexual relationship satisfaction. Sex Roles, 26,149-159.

436. Sidorowicz, L S., & Lunney, G. S. (1980). Baby X revisited. Sex Roles, 6, 67-73.

437. Siemienska, R. (1986). Women and social movements in Poland. Women & Politics, 6, 5-35.

438. Signorielli N. (1989). Television and conceptions about sex roles: Maintaining conventionality and the status quo. Sex Roles, 21, 341-360.

439. Singleton, C. H. (1987). Biological and social explanations of sex-role stereotyping. In D. J. Hargreaves & A. M. Cooley (Eds.), The psychology of sex roles (pp. 3-26). New York: Harper & Row.

440. Smetana, J. G., & Letoumeau, K. J. (1984). Development of gender constancy and children's sex-typed free play behavior. Developmental Psychology, 20, 691-696.

441. Smith, M. J. (1982). Persuasion and human action. Belmont, CA:Wadsworth.

442. Snell, W. E., Jr. (1989). Development and validation of the Masculine Behavior Scale: A measure of behaviors stereotypically attributed to males vs. females: Sex Roles, 21, 749-767.

443. Snow, M. E., Jacklin, C. N., & Maccoby, E. E. (1983). Sex-of-child differences in father-child interaction at one year of age. Child Development, 54,227-232.

444. Snyder, M. (1981). On the self-perpetuating nature of social stereotypes. In D. L. Hamilton (Ed.), Cognitive processes in stereotyping and intergroup behavior. Hillsdate, NJ: Erlbaum.

445. Snyder, R, Verderber, K. S., Langmeyer, L, & Myers, M. (1992). A reconsideration of self and organizafon-referent attitudes as 'causes' of the glass ceiling effect. Group & Organization Management, 17,260-278.

446. Soh, C. S. (1993). Sexual equality, male superiority, and Korean women in politics: Changing gender relations in a 'patriarchal democracy.' Sex Roles, 28,73-90.

447. Spence, J., & Helmrich, R. (1981). Androgyny vs. gender schema: A comment on Bem's gender schema theory. Psychological Review, 88, 365-368.

448. Spence, J., Helmrich, R., & Stapp, J. (1974). The personal attributes questionnaire: A measure of sex role stereotypes and masculinity-femininity. JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 4,43.

449. Spence, J. Т., & Helmrich, R. (1978). Masculinity and femininity: Their psychological dimensions, correlates, and antecedents. Austin: University of Texas Press.

450. Sprafkin, C., Serbia, L. A., Denier, C., & Connor, J. M. (1983). Sex-differentiated play: Cognitive consequences and early interventions. In M. B. Liss (Ed.), Social and cognitive skills: Sex roles and children's play. New York: Academic Press.

451. Stangor, C., & Ruble, D. N. (1987). Development of gender role knowledge and gender constancy. In L. Liben & M. Signorella (Eds.), Children's gender schemata (pp. 5-22). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

452. Stangor, C., & Ruble, D. N. (1989). Differential influences of gender schemata and gender constancy on children's information processing and behavior. Social Cognition, 7, 353-372.

453. Stapley, J. C., & Haviland, J. M. (1989). Beyond depression: Gender differences in normal adolescents' emotional experiences. Sex Roles, 20, 295-308.

454. Steeves, H. L. (1987). Feminist theories and media studies. Critical studies in mass Communication, 4,95-135.

455. Steil, J. M., & Turetsky, B. A. (1987). Marital influence levels and symptomatology among wives. In F. J. Crosby (Ed.), Spouse, parent, worker: On gender and multiple roles (pp. 74-90). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

456. Steriker, А. В., & Kurdek, L. A. (1982). Dimensions and correlates of third through eighth graders' sex-role self-concepts. Sex Roles, 8, 915-929.

457. Storms, M. D., Stivers, M. L., Lambers, S. M., & Hill, C. A. (1981). Sexual scripts for women. Sex Roles, 7,699-707.

458. Strate, L. (1992). Beer commercials: A manual on masculinity. In S. Craig (Ed.), Men, masculinity, and the media (pp. 78-92). Beverly Hills: Sage.

459. Sugisaki, K. (1986). From the moon to the sun: Women's liberation in Japan. In L. B. Iglitzin & R. Ross (Eds.), Women in the world: 1975-1985, the women's decade. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio.

460. Switzer, J. Y. (1990). The impact of generic word choices: An empirical investigation of age-and-sex-related differences. Sex Roles, 22, 69-82.

461. Symons, D. (1985). Darwinism and contemporary marriage. In K. Davis (Ed.), Contemporary marriage: Comparative perspectives on a changing institution. New York: Russell Sage.

462. Tajfel, H. (1981). Human groups and social categories: Studies in social psychology. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

463. Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1979). An integrate theory of social conflict. In W. Austin & S. Worschel (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 33-47). Monterey, CA: Brooks-Cole.

464. Tavris, C. (1992). The mismeasure of woman. New York: Simon & Schuster.

465. Tavris, C., & Offir, C. (1977). The longest war: Sex differences in perspective. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

466. Tavris, C., & Wade, C. (1984). The longest war: Sex differences in perspective. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

467. Taylor, S. E. (1981). A categorization approach to stereotyping. In D. L Hamilton (Ed.), Cognitive processes in stereotyping and intergroup behavior. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

468. Thoits, P. A. (1987). Negotiating roles. In F. J. Crosby (Ed.), Spouse, parent, worker: On gender and multiple roles (pp. 11-52). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

469. Thompson, C. A. (1992). Lesbian grief and loss issues in the coming out process. Women and Therapy, 12,175-185.

470. Thompson, D. F., Molison, L, & Elliot, M. (1988). Adult selection of children's toys. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Eastern Psychology Association, Buffalo, NY.

471. Thompson, E. H., Jr., & Pleck, J. H. (1986). The structure of male role norms. American Behavioral Scientist, 29,531-543.

472. Tnorne, В., & Luria, Z. (1986). Sexuality and gender in children's daily worlds. Social Problems, 33,176-190.

473. Tiger, L, & Shepher, J. (1975). Women in the kibbutz. New York: Harcourt Brace.

474. Tilby, P. J., & Kalin, R. (1980). Effects of sex-role deviant lifestyles in otherwise normal persons on the perception of maladjustment. Sex Roles, 6,581-592.

475. Toch, H. (1992). Violent men: An inquiry into the psychology of violence. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

476. Torres-Matrullo, C. (1980). Acculturation, sex-role values and mental health among mainland Puerto Ricans. In A. M. Padilla (Ed.), Acculturation theory, modes and some new findings (pp. 111-137). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

477. Triandis, H.C. (1994). Culture and social behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill.

478. Tulananda, O., Young, D. M., & Roopnarine, J. L. (1994). Thai and American fathers' involvement with preschool-aged children. Early Child Development and Care, 97,123-133.

479. Turner, J. C. (1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford, England: Basil Blackwell.

480. Turner, J. C., & Brown, R. (1978). Rediscovering the social group: A sell-categorization theory. Oxford, England: Basil Blackwell.

481. Turner, М. Е, & Pratkanis, A. R. (1994). Affirmative action as help: A review of recipient reactions to preferential selection and affirmative action. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 15,43-70.

482. Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgment under uncertainty. Science, 185, 1124-1131.

483. Unger, R. K. (1988). Imperfect reflections of reality: Psychology constructs gender. In R. T. Hare-Mustin & J. Maracek (Eds.), Making a difference: Psychology and the construction of gender (pp. 102-149). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

484. Unger, R. K., & Crawford, M. (1932). Women & Gender: A feminist psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill.

485. Unger, R. K., & Crawford, M. (1993). Sex and gender. The troubled relationship between sex and gender. Psychological Science, 4,122-124.

486. United Nations. (1985). The state of the world's women. Oxford, England: New Internationalist Publications.

487. United Nations. (1991). The world's women: Trends and statistics, 1970-1990. New York: United Nations.

488. U.S. Department of Commerce. (1991). Statistical abstracts of the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce.

489. U. S. Department of Commerce. (1993). Statistical abstracts of the United States. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Commerce.

490. U. S. Department of Labor. (1990, October). Facts on working women: Earnings differences between men and women. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Labor.

491. U. S. Department of Labor. (1991 a, January). Facts on working women: Women in skilled trades and in other manual labor occupations. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Labor.

492. U. S. Department of Labor. (1991 b). A report on the Glass Ceiling Initiative. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Labor.

493. U. S. Department of Labor. (1993). Pacts on working women: 20 facts on women workers. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Labor.

494. Valdez, R. L, & Gutek, B. A. (1987). Family roles: A help or hindrance for working women? In B. A. Gutek and L. Larwood (Eds.), Women's career development (pp. 157-169). Beverly Hills: Sage.

495. Vredenburg, K., Krames, L, & Flett, G. L (1986). Sex differences in the clinical expression of depression. Sex Roles, 14,37-49.

496. Wainrib, B. R. (1992). Successful women and househusbands: The old messages die hard. Psychotherapy in Private Practice, 11, 11-19.

497. Weisner, T. S., & Wilson-Mitchell, J. E. (1990). Non-conventional family life-styles and sex typing in sex-year-olds. Child Development, 61,1915-1933.

498. Welch, M. R., & Page, В. М. (1981). Sex differences in childhood socialization patterns in African societies. Sex Roles, 7,1163-1173.

499. Wentzel, K. R. (1988). Gender differences in math and english achievement: A longitudinal study. Sex Roles, 18,691-699.

500. Whiting, В. В., & Edwards, C. P. (1988). Children of different worlds: The formation of social behavior. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

501. Wilder, D. A. (1981). Perceiving persons as a group: Categorization and intergroup relations. In D. L. Hamilton (Ed.), Cognitive processes in stereotyping and intergroup behavior. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

502. Wiley, M. G., & Eskilson, A. (1988). Gender arid family/career conflict: Reactions of bosses. Sex Roles, 19, 445-465.

503. Williams, E., Radin, N., & Allegro, T. (1992). Sex role attitudes of adolescents reared primarily by their fathers: An 11-year follow-up. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 38,457-476.

504. Williams, J. E., & Best, D. L. (1986). Sex stereotypes and intergroup relations. In S. Worshel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 244-259). Chicago: Nelson-Hall.

505. Williams, J. E., & Best, D. L. (1990a). Measuring sex stereotypes: A thirty-nation study (rev. ed.). Beverly Hills: Sage.

506. Williams, J. E., & Best, D. L. (1990b). Sex and psyche: Gender and self viewed cross-culturally. Beverly Hills: Sage.

507. Wilson, E. O. (1978). On human nature. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

508. Wise, E., & Rafferty, J. (1982). Sex bias and language. Sex Roles, 8,1189-1196.

509. Wright, P. H. (1982). Men's friendships, women's friendships and the alleged inferiority of the latter. Sex Roles, 8,1-20.

510. Yee D., & Ecdes, J. S. (1988). Parent perceptions and attributions for children's math achievement. Sex Roles, 19, 317-333.

511. Zanna, M., Crosby, F, & Loewenstein, G. (1987). Male reference groups and discontent among female professionals. In B. A. Gutek and L. Larwood (Eds.), Woman's career development (pp. 28-41). Beverly Hills: Sage.

512. Zick, C. D., & McCullough, J. L. (1991). Trends in married couples' time use: Evidence from 1977-78 and 1987-88. Sex Roles, 24, 459-487.

513. Zigter, E. F., & Lang, M. E. (1990). Child care choices: Balancing the needs of children, families, and society. New York: Free Press.

Размещено на Allbest.ru

...

Подобные документы

  • Сущность научного понятия "гендер", его содержание, особенности и современные направления гендерной психологии. Структура гендерных стереотипов и социальные условия, влияющие на их формирование, пути смягчения их влияния на личностные проявления.

    дипломная работа [97,5 K], добавлен 13.09.2009

  • Определение терминов гендерной психологии. Возникновение гендерных стереотипов: роли и конфликты. Исследование гендерных стереотипов методом личностного семантического дифференциала. Тенденция к маскулинизации образа идеальной современной женщины.

    дипломная работа [103,6 K], добавлен 25.04.2015

  • Понятие о гендерных ролях и стереотипах. Ограничения, накладываемые гендерными стереотипами. Влияние гендерных стереотипов на процесс общения и взаимопонимания людей в исследованиях российских и западных психологов. Три группы гендерных стереотипов.

    контрольная работа [27,3 K], добавлен 16.09.2010

  • Особенности понимания проблемы гендерных стереотипов в зарубежной психологии. Социально-психологические различия личностей юношей и девушек в студенчестве. Изучение гендерных стереотипов, их виды и функции, этапы проведения эмпирического исследования.

    курсовая работа [311,6 K], добавлен 19.04.2010

  • Психологические подходы к изучению гендера. Факторы трансформации гендерных представлений. Гендер в теории когнитивного развития, "новой психологии пола", в отечественной психологии. Специфика гендерных норм в Китае по сравнению с другими странами.

    курсовая работа [56,2 K], добавлен 22.04.2019

  • Предпосылки формирования и теоретико-методологический анализ категории "гендерные отношения". Структура гендерных отношений и особенности гендерных стереотипов в современном обществе. Тестовая методика личностного семантического дифференциала Кустовой.

    курсовая работа [54,0 K], добавлен 14.04.2013

  • Изучение положений гендерной психологии. Сексизм в современном обществе. Роль гендерных стереотипов и установок в процессе социального познания. Методика личностного дифференциала. Сравнительное исследование познавательных процессов у мужчин и женщин.

    курсовая работа [96,9 K], добавлен 22.05.2015

  • Роль гендерных стереотипов в семейных отношениях. Взаимоотношения в семье: стили поведения матери и отца, взаимоотношения родителей и детей, различия в отношении к сыновьям и дочерям. Исследование гендерных стереотипов поведенческих норм в семье.

    реферат [76,5 K], добавлен 12.02.2013

  • Социальные отношения в свете гендерного аспекта. Роль стереотипа в массовом сознании. Гендерные стереотипы и теория социальных ролей, гендерная стратификация. Анализ гендерных стереотипов в студенческой среде, влияние расширения их границ на самооценку.

    курсовая работа [137,5 K], добавлен 23.09.2013

  • Подборка диагностического инструментария для получения информации о влиянии гендерных стереотипах на выбор будущей профессии. Исследование и анализ отношения учащихся 16-18 лет к гендерным стереотипам (на примере обобщенных образов мужчин и женщин).

    научная работа [35,0 K], добавлен 05.04.2008

  • Исследование мотивационной направленности учащихся, отношение к школе, сверстникам, педагогам с помощью бесед, анкетирования. Анализ процесса адаптации первоклассников и определение гендерных отличий. Рекомендации по оптимизации процесса адаптации.

    дипломная работа [89,4 K], добавлен 30.05.2014

  • Теории гендерных различий, концепции мужественности, опыт их исследований. Исследования маскулинной идеологии и гендерных ролей в России. "Идеальные представления" мужественности и женственности. Проявления гендерной идентичности в близких отношениях.

    дипломная работа [72,4 K], добавлен 30.11.2016

  • Половая дифференциация. Психологические аспекты различий. Особенности половой идентичности. Специфика социальной перцепции. Исследование гендерных стереотипов. Проблема изучения психологического пола. Представления о мужественности и женственности.

    курсовая работа [59,6 K], добавлен 24.11.2014

  • Общая характеристика гендерной психологии как научного направления. Изучение основных понятий гендерной психологии, а также рассмотрение истории развития данной социальной науки. Исследование социальной практики дифференциации мира мужчин и женщин.

    курсовая работа [50,1 K], добавлен 24.05.2015

  • Теоретический анализ проблемы стереотипов в современном обществе. Наиболее ярко выраженные стереотипы и представления о поведении полов в конфликтных ситуациях. Исследования стереотипов и гендерные модели поведения с помощью методики Розенцвейна.

    курсовая работа [40,7 K], добавлен 30.03.2009

  • Психологическая проблематика изучения взаимовлияния социальных стереотипов и средств массовой информации. Исследование психологической эффективности использования основных геометрических форм в рекламе. Гендерные различия и cуть представлений о товарах.

    реферат [24,7 K], добавлен 26.02.2010

  • Гендер как совокупность социальных и культурных норм, выполняемые людьми в зависимости от их биологического пола. Характеристика гендерных различий и социализация. Причины конфликтов полов и пути их преодоления, формирование гендерной компетентности.

    реферат [23,1 K], добавлен 10.09.2009

  • Раскрытие сущности суицида, связь проявлений суицида и социальных проблем в обществе. Причины суицидального поведения, исследование возрастных и гендерных особенностей. Общественные категории, которые наиболее склонны к совершению поступка самоубийства.

    реферат [22,3 K], добавлен 20.07.2013

  • Сущность понятия "гендер". Дифференциация понятий пол и гендер. Изучение гендерных различий в психологии. Гендерная идентичность в современных психологических исследованиях. Образ идеального мужчины и мужа у респондентов с разной гендерной идентичностью.

    дипломная работа [111,3 K], добавлен 07.06.2013

  • Спорт как социальный институт. Сущность понятий "пол", "гендер". Гендерный подход к взаимоотношениям между полами. Происхождение гендерной ассиметрии. Гендерный анализ семьи. Маскулинность как проявление гендерных стереотипов в профессиональном спорте.

    реферат [16,3 K], добавлен 30.11.2009

Работы в архивах красиво оформлены согласно требованиям ВУЗов и содержат рисунки, диаграммы, формулы и т.д.
PPT, PPTX и PDF-файлы представлены только в архивах.
Рекомендуем скачать работу.