Îïòèì³çàö³ÿ ë³êóâàííÿ õâîðèõ õðîí³÷íîþ ñåðöåâîþ íåäîñòàòí³ñòþ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ â ïîºäíàíí³ ç öóêðîâèì ä³àáåòîì 2-ãî òèïó íà ï³äñòàâ³ âèâ÷åííÿ ìàðêåð³â ô³áðîçó ãàëåêòèíà 3, ìàòðèêñíî¿ ìåòàëîïðîòå¿íàçè 1
Ñóòü âçàºìíîãî ïåðåá³ãó öóêðîâîãî ä³àáåòó 2-ãî òèïó òà õðîí³÷íî¿ ñåðöåâî¿ íåäîñòàòíîñò³. Îñîáëèâîñò³ ñòðóêòóðíî-ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó ñåðöÿ òà îö³íêà âïëèâó äèññèíõðîí³¿ íà ðåìîäåëþâàííÿ ì³îêàðäà ó õâîðèõ. Çì³íè åêñòðàöåëþëÿðíîãî ìàòðèêñó ó ïàö³ºíò³â.
Ðóáðèêà | Ìåäèöèíà |
Âèä | äèññåðòàöèÿ |
ßçûê | óêðàèíñêèé |
Äàòà äîáàâëåíèÿ | 25.06.2018 |
Ðàçìåð ôàéëà | 7,1 M |
Îòïðàâèòü ñâîþ õîðîøóþ ðàáîòó â áàçó çíàíèé ïðîñòî. Èñïîëüçóéòå ôîðìó, ðàñïîëîæåííóþ íèæå
Ñòóäåíòû, àñïèðàíòû, ìîëîäûå ó÷åíûå, èñïîëüçóþùèå áàçó çíàíèé â ñâîåé ó÷åáå è ðàáîòå, áóäóò âàì î÷åíü áëàãîäàðíû.
Ñòðóêòóðí³ çì³íè ÅÖÌ, º îäíèì ç â³äîìèõ ôàêòîð³â, ùî ñïðèÿþòü ïðîãðåñóâàííþ ñêîðî÷óâàëüíî¿ äèñôóíêö³¿ ïðè ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó [153] òà ðîçâèòêó ÄÌ. Ïðè òðèâàëîìó ïåðåðîçïîä³ë³ ìåõàí³÷íîãî íàâàíòàæåííÿ â ñò³íö³ øëóíî÷êà ðîçâèâàºòüñÿ àñèìåòðè÷íà ã³ïåðòðîô³ÿ. [197, 254] Íå äèâëÿ÷èñü íà âæå â³äîì³ îñîáëèâîñò³ ÄÌ, [63] äîñ³ íåìຠ÷³òêîãî àëãîðèòìó ¿¿ âèçíà÷åííÿ òà ÷³òêèõ ðåêîìåíäàö³é âèÿâëåííÿ äàíî¿ ïàòîëî㳿 â ðóòèíí³é êë³í³÷í³é ïðàêòèö³ [81,163]. Äèñêîðäèíîâàíå òà äèññèíõðîííå ñêîðî÷åííÿ çá³ëüøóº ïîòðåáó êèñíþ â ì³îêàðä³, ïðè îäíî÷àñíîìó çìåíøåíí³ ÷àñó ä³àñòîë³÷íî¿ ïåðôó糿 òà ïðèçâîäèòü äî çíèæåííÿ êîðîíàðíîãî ïåðôóç³éíîãî ðåçåðâó ï³äâèùóþ÷è ÷óòëèâ³ñòü äî ³øå쳿 òà ã³áåðíàö³¿ ì³îêàðäà. ÄÌ ïðèçâîäèòü äî ðåìîäåëþâàííÿ ì³îêàðäà. Íàñë³äêè òàêèõ çì³í çàëèøàþòüñÿ äî ê³íöÿ íå âèâ÷åíèìè òà ïîòðåáóþòü ïîäàëüøîãî ðîçãëÿäó.[253, 254, 255] ÑÐÒ âèêîðèñòîâóºòüñÿ, ÿê ãîëîâíèé ìåòîä êîðåêö³¿ ÄÌ òà ë³êóâàííÿ õâîðèõ ç ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ, ïðîòå âåëèêèé â³äñîòîê õâîðèõ íå â³äïîâ³äຠíà äàíèé ìåòîä ë³êóâàííÿ, ùî ï³äêðåñëþº àêòóàëüí³ñòü îïòèì³çàö³¿ ä³àãíîñòèêè äëÿ ïîøóêó ðåñïîíäåð³â íà ÑÐÒ òà ë³êóâàííÿ õâîðèõ ç ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ òà ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ç ïðîÿâàìè ÄÌ øëÿõîì çàñòîñóâàííÿ ìåäèêàìåíòîçíî¿ òåðàﳿ.
Âðàõîâóþ÷è ïðåäñòàâëåí³ äàí³ ë³òåðàòóðè òà â³äñóòí³ñòü êë³í³÷íèõ äîñë³äæåíü, ÿê³ á ¿õ ï³äòâåðäæóâàëè àáî ñïðîñòîâóâàëè, ìåòîþ íàøîãî äèñåðòàö³éíîãî äîñë³äæåííÿ ñòàëà îïòèì³çàö³ÿ ë³êóâàííÿ õâîðèõ õðîí³÷íîþ ñåðöåâîþ íåäîñòàòí³ñòþ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ â ïîºäíàíí³ ç öóêðîâèì ä³àáåòîì 2-ãî òèïó íà ï³äñòàâ³ âèâ÷åííÿ ìàðêåð³â ô³áðîçó ãàëåêòèíà 3, ìàòðèêñíî¿ ìåòàëëîïðîòå¿íàçè 1.
Äëÿ äîñÿãíåííÿ ïîñòàâëåíî¿ ìåòè áóëè ñôîðìóëüîâàí³ òàê³ çàâäàííÿ:
1. Âèâ÷èòè âçàºìîçâ'ÿçîê ïåðåá³ãó ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ãåíåçó â ïîºäíàíí³ ç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó òà âñòàíîâèòè ðîëü ìåòàáîë³÷íèõ ïîðóøåíü ó ðîçâèòêó ÄÌ.
2. Âèçíà÷èòè îñîáëèâîñò³ ñòðóêòóðíî-ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó ñåðöÿ òà îö³íèòè âïëèâ äèññèíõðîí³¿ íà ðåìîäåëþâàííÿ ì³îêàðäà ó õâîðèõ ç ñóïóòí³ì ïåðåá³ãîì ÕÑÍ ³ ÖÄ 2 òèïó.
3. Äîñë³äèòè âì³ñò ìàðêåð³â ô³áðîçó Ãàë-3 ³ ÌÌÏ-1 òà ¿õ çâ'ÿçîê ç ìàðêåðàìè çàïàëåííÿ ó õâîðèõ ç êîìîðá³äí³ñòþ ÕÑÍ òà ÖÄ 2 òèïó òà âñòàíîâèòè ä³àãíîñòè÷íå òà ïðîãíîñòè÷íå çíà÷åííÿ ¿õ âàð³àö³é ó äàíèõ ïàö³ºíò³â.
4. Ðîçðîáèòè ìîäåëü àâòîìàòèçîâàíî¿ åêñïåðòíî¿ ñèñòåìè ä³àãíîñòèêè ÄÌ ó õâîðèõ íà ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó òà ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ.
5. Ïðîâåñòè ïîð³âíÿëüíó îö³íêó âïëèâó àíòàãîí³ñò³â ì³íåðàëîêîðòèêî¿äíèõ ðåöåïòîð³â íà çì³íè ìàðêåð³â ô³áðîçó Ãàë -3 ³ ÌÌÏ-1, åêñòðàöåëþëÿðíîãî ìàòðèêñó òà ÄÌ ó õâîðèõ ç ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ â ïîºäíàíí³ ç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó.
6. Ðîçðîáèòè ìåòîäè îïòèì³çàö³¿ ë³êóâàííÿ õâîðèõ ç ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ãåíåçó â ïîºäíàíí³ ç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó íà ï³äñòàâ³ êîðåêö³¿ ÄÌ.
³äïîâ³äíî äî ìåòè òà çàäà÷ äîñë³äæåííÿ ïðîâåäåíî êîìïëåêñíå îáñòåæåííÿ 106 õâîðèõ ç ïîºäíàíèì ïåðåá³ãîì ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ òà ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó. Ïðîÿâè ÕÑÍ â³äïîâ³äàëè ²-IV ôóíêö³îíàëüíèì êëàñàì çà êëàñèô³êàö³ºþ NYHA (Íüþ-Éîðêñüêî¿ Àñîö³àö³¿ Ñåðöÿ, 1964), Ô ËØ äîð³âíþâàëà àáî ïåðåá³ëüøóâàëà 45% («ñåðåäíÿ» àáî «çáåðåæåíà» çà êðèòåð³ÿìè European Society of Cardiology, 2016). Ñåðåäí³é â³ê õâîðèõ ñêëàäàâ (67,45+10,32) ðîê³â; ïåðåâàæàëè æ³íêè (63 îñîáè - 59,4%) â³êîì (69±10,37) ðîê³â. Ïàö³ºíòè ÷îëîâ³÷î¿ ñòàò³ (43 - 40,6%) ìàëè ñåðåäí³é â³ê (65+10,62) ðîê³â. Âñ³ îáñòåæåí³ çíàõîäèëèñü íà ë³êóâàíí³ â òåðàïåâòè÷íîìó òà êàðä³îëîã³÷íîìó â³ää³ëåííÿõ ÊÇÎÇ «Õàðê³âñüêà ì³ñüêà êë³í³÷íà ë³êàðíÿ øâèäêî¿ òà íåâ³äêëàäíî¿ ìåäè÷íî¿ äîïîìîãè ³ì. ïðîô. Î.².Ìåùàí³íîâà».
Êðèòå𳿠âêëþ÷åííÿ äî îñíîâíî¿ ãðóïè: ÕÑÍ (çà êðèòåð³ÿìè European Society of Cardiology, 2016 ) â ïîºäíàíí³ ç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó (çà êðèòåð³ÿìè American Diabetes Association (ADA) American Diabetes Association Diabetes Care,2017; ïðîòîêîë íàäàííÿ ìåäè÷íî¿ äîïîìîãè õâîðèì íà íåóñêëàäíåíèé öóêðîâèé ä³àáåò, çàòâåðäæåíèé íàêàçîì ÌÎÇ Óêðà¿íè ¹ 1118 â³ä 21.12.2012 ð.); ðîçøèðåíèé êîìïëåêñ QRS>120 ìñ., áëîêàäè ë³âî¿ òà ïðàâî¿ í³æîê ïó÷êà óñà çà äàíèìè ÅÊÃ; ï³ñëÿ³íôàðêòíèé êàðä³îñêëåðîç. Êðèòå𳿠âèêëþ÷åííÿ: ãîñòð³ òà õðîí³÷í³ ãí³éíî-çàïàëüí³ çàõâîðþâàííÿ ì³îêàðäà, ï³ñëÿîïåðàö³éí³ õâîð³, äîáðîÿê³ñí³ òà çëîÿê³ñí³ ïóõëèíè, çàïàëüí³ çàõâîðþâàííÿ ãåïàòîá³ë³àðíî¿ ñèñòåìè, õâîðîáè êðîâ³, òðàâìàòè÷í³ ïîøêîäæåííÿ îïîðíî-ðóõîâîãî àïàðàòó.
Óñ³ îáñòåæåí³ áóëè ðîçïîä³ëåí³ íà äâ³ ãðóïè çàëåæíî â³ä íàÿâíîñò³ ÄÌ. Ïåðøà ãðóïà - ïàö³ºíòè ç ÄÌ (83 îñîáè - 78,3%): 35 ÷îëîâ³ê³â (42,2%) ñåðåäí³é â³ê (64,71±10,62) ðîê³â òà 48 æ³íîê (57,8%) ñåðåäí³é â³ê (68,59±10,4) ðîê³â. Äðóãà ãðóïà - õâîð³ áåç ÄÌ (23 - 21,7%): 8 ÷îëîâ³ê³â òà 15 æ³íîê.
Äëÿ ó÷àñò³ â ðîáîò³ ïàö³ºíòè äàëè ïèñüìîâó ³íôîðìîâàíó çãîäó. Äîñë³äæåííÿ ïðîâîäèëè â³äïîâ³äíî äî âèìîã Ãåëüñ³íñüêî¿ äåêëàðàö³¿ ïðàâ ëþäèíè 1964 ðîêó, Êîíôåðåíö³¿ ç ãàðìîí³çàö³¿ íàëåæíî¿ êë³í³÷íî¿ ïðàêòèêè (ICH GCP), Êîíâåíö³¿ Ðàäè ªâðîïè ïðî çàõèñò ïðàâ ³ ã³äíîñò³ ëþäèíè ó çâ'ÿçêó ç âèêîðèñòàííÿì á³îëî㳿 òà ìåäèöèíè Êîíâåíö³ÿ ïðî ïðàâà ëþäèíè òà á³îìåäèöèíó (ETS-164), âêëþ÷àþ÷è äîäàòêîâèé ïðîòîêîë äî Êîíâåíö³¿ ùîäî á³îìåäè÷íèõ äîñë³äæåíü â³ä 25.01.2005 ð. ³ çàêîíîäàâñòâîì Óêðà¿íè.
Óñ³ì õâîðèì áóëà âèêîíàíà ñòàíäàðòíà ÅÊà íà àïàðàò³ Cardio Lab - ÍÒÖ «ÕÀ² - Ìåäèêà», Óêðà¿íà â 12-òè â³äâåäåííÿõ çà çàãàëüíîïðèéíÿòîþ ìåòîäèêîþ. Äëÿ âèÿâëåííÿ åëåêòðè÷íî¿ ÄÌ âèêîðèñòîâóâàëè êðèòå𳿠âóçüêîãî êîìïëåêñó QRS <120 ìñ ³ ïîäîâæåíîãî êîìïëåêñó QRS ? 120 ìñ.
ijàãíîñòèêó ÄÌ òà ìîðôî-ôóíêö³îíàëüíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ñåðöåâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ïðîâîäèëè çà äîïîìîãîþ ÅõîÊà íà óëüòðàçâóêîâ³é ñèñòåì³ Siemens Ac USONSC 2000 (Siemens Medical Solution, MountainView, ÑØÀ). Âèêîðèñòîâóâàëè äàò÷èê â³ä 3,5 äî 7 ÌÃö ï³ñëÿ 15-õâèëèííîãî ïåð³îäó àäàïòàö³¿ ïðè ï³äòðèìàíí³ ïîñò³éíî¿ òåìïåðàòóðè â ïðèì³ùåíí³. ÅõîÊà ñèíõðîí³çóâàëè ç ðåºñòðàö³ºþ ÅÊà ó ÷îòèðüîõ ñåðöåâèõ öèêëàõ ç³ ñòàíäàðòíèõ äîñòóï³â. Áóëè âèêîðèñòàí³ ìåòîäèêè: Ì-ðåæèì, 2D-ðåæèì, ñòàíäàðòíà ³ òêàíèííà äîïëåðîãðàô³ÿ, ³ìïóëüñíî-õâèëüîâà äîïëåðîãðàô³ÿ (çà êðèòåð³ÿìè Àmerican society of echocardiography ànd European association of cardiovascular imaging, 2015). Äëÿ âèçíà÷åííÿ ÄÌ âèçíà÷àëè: çàòðèìêó àêòèâàö³¿ çàäíº-á³÷íî¿ ñò³íêè ËØ, ÷àñ ïåðåäâèãíàííÿ äî àîðòè òà ëåãåíåâî¿ àðòåð³¿, ³íòåðâåíòðèêóëÿðíó ìåõàí³÷íó çàòðèìêó (IVÌD), ÷àñ íàïîâíåííÿ ë³âîãî øëóíî÷êà, ÷àñ ðåºñòðàö³¿ õâèëü Å ³ À, ÷àñ âèãíàííÿ ç ë³âîãî øëóíî÷êà, ÷àñ ³çîâîëþì³÷íîãî ðîçñëàáëåííÿ ËØ , ÷àñ óïîâ³ëüíåííÿ ïîòîêó ðàííüîãî íàïîâíåííÿ øëóíî÷ê³â, ÷àñ â³ä ïî÷àòêó êîìïëåêñó QRS äî ïî÷àòêó ï³êîâî¿ ñèñòîë³÷íî¿ øâèäêîñò³, ÷àñ äî ï³êó ñèñòîë³÷íî¿ øâèäêîñò³, ñåðåäíüîêâàäðàòè÷íå â³äõèëåííÿ ÷àñó äî ï³êó ñèñòîë³÷íî¿ øâèäêîñò³ ËØ.
ÄÌ ðîçïîä³ëÿëè íà âíóòð³øíüîøëóíî÷êîâó, ì³æøëóíî÷êîâó, ïåðåäñåðäíî - øëóíî÷êîâó (àòð³îâåíòð³êóëÿðíó) òà êîìá³íîâàíó.
Ñòàí âóãëåâîäíîãî îáì³íó îö³íþâàëè çà ïîêàçíèêàìè ãëþêîçè ñèðîâàòêè êðîâ³ íàòùå - ãëþêîçîîêñèäàíòíèé ìåòîä, - òà âì³ñòó HbA1c (á³îõ³ì³÷íèé àíàë³çàòîð Stat Fax, Awareness Technology). ˳ï³äíèé ñïåêòð êðîâ³ äîñë³äæóâàëè çà äîïîìîãîþ á³îõ³ì³÷íîãî àíàë³çàòîðà RT - 9200.
Íàÿâí³ñòü ì³îêàðä³àëüíîãî ô³áðîçó îö³íþâàëè çà âì³ñòîì Ãàë-3 â ñèðîâàòö³ êðîâ³ ³ìóíîôåðìåíòíèì ìåòîäîì çà íàáîðîì «Human Galectin-3» (Platinum ELISA; eBioscience, Bender MedSystems, Àâñòð³ÿ) òà âì³ñòîì ÌÌÏ-1 (íàáîð «Human ÌÌÇ-1», ELISA; Abfrontier Biotehnology supplier, ϳâäåííà Êîðåÿ). Îá'ºìíó ôðàêö³þ ³íòåðñòèö³àëüíîãî êîëàãåíó ðîçðàõîâóâàëè çà ìåòîäèêîþ J. Shirani. Äëÿ âèçíà÷åííÿ âçàºìîçâ'ÿçêó ç ìàðêåðàìè ô³áðîçó âèâ÷àëè ñèðîâàòêîâ³ ð³âí³ ìàðêåð³â çàïàëåííÿ - ²Ë-1â òà ²Ë-10 - ìåòîä ²ÔÀ, íàáîðè ðåàêòèâ³â ô³ðìè Bender Med Systems GmbH (³äåíü, Àâñòð³ÿ). Êàë³áðóâàííÿ âèêîíóâàëè â³äïîâ³äíî äî çàâîäñüêèõ ðåêîìåíäàö³é ³ íîðìàë³çóâàëè çà ñòàíäàðòíîþ êðèâîþ.
Äëÿ ðîçðîáêè àâòîìàòèçîâàíîãî êîìïëåêñó ä³àãíîñòèêè ÄÌ âèêîðèñòîâóâàëè: â ÿêîñò³ ìîâè ïðîãðàìóâàííÿ - Visual Basic, à â ÿêîñò³ ñåðåäîâèùà ðîçðîáêè - VBA (Visual Basic for Applications, ÂÁÀ).
 çàëåæíîñò³ â³ä íàÿâíîñò³ óðàæåííÿ îðãàí³â-ì³øåí³â òà àñîö³éîâàíèõ êë³í³÷íèõ ñòàí³â àðòåð³àëüíà ã³ïåðòåíç³ÿ Àà áóëà ä³àãíîñòîâàíà ó 102 îáñòåæåíèõ (96,2 %). Ç íèõ 1 ñòóïåíü çàõâîðþâàííÿ âèçíà÷àëè ó 9 îñ³á (8,8 % ), 2 ñòóïåíü - ó 34 (33,4%) ³ 3 ñòóïåíü - ó 59 ïàö³ºíò³â (57,8%). Ñåðåäí³é ñèñòîë³÷íèé àðòåð³àëüíèé òèñê (ÑÀÒ) ïî ãðóï³ ñêëàäàâ (144,7+17,82) ìì.ðò.ñò., ä³àñòîë³÷íèé àðòåð³àëüíèé òèñê (ÄÀÒ) - (76,7+11,16) ìì.ðò.ñò. Òðèâàë³ñòü çàõâîðþâàííÿ â ñåðåäíüîìó ïî ãðóï³ äîð³âíþâàëà (16,84+9,81) ðîêè.  àíàìíåç³ ïåðåíåñëè ³íôàðêò ì³îêàðäà (²Ì) 66 õâîðèõ (62,3%); â³ñ³ì (12,2%) ç íèõ ìàëè ïîâòîðí³ åï³çîäè ²Ì.
Îæèð³ííÿ áóëî âñòàíîâëåíî ó 37 ïàö³ºíò³â (34,9 %), ñåðåä íèõ ² ñòóï³íü âèðàõóâàëè ó 20 îñ³á, 2-é - ó 14 òà 3-é - ó 3-õ õâîðèõ. Íàäëèøêîâà âàãà áóëà ïðèòàìàííà 55 ïàö³ºíòàì (51,9%).
ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ìàëî 59 õâîðèõ (55,7%) ç òðèâàë³ñòþ àíàìíåçó ïî ãðóï³ (10,1+7,4) ðîêè òà ñåðåäí³ì ð³âíåì ãëþêîçè ñèðîâàòêè êðîâ³ - (8,4+2,26) ììîëü/ë. Ïðîÿâè õðîí³÷íî¿ õâîðîáè íèðîê ä³àãíîñòîâàíî ó 27 îñ³á; àòåðîñêëåðîç ïåðèôåðè÷íèõ àðòåð³é - ó 44 ïàö³ºíò³â.
Ìåõàí³÷íó ÄÌ âèÿâëåíî ó 83 õâîðèõ (78,3 %). Ç íèõ ³çîëüîâàíèé òèï ÄÌ ä³àãíîñòîâàíî ó 52 ïàö³ºíò³â (62,7%), âíóòð³øíüîøëóíî÷êîâèé - ó 49 (59,0%), àòð³îâåíòðèêóëÿðíèé - ó 2-õ (2,4%) òà ì³æøëóíî÷êîâèé - â îäíîìó âèïàäêó (1,2%).
Êîìá³íîâàíèé òèï ÄÌ ìàâ 31 õâîðèé (37,3%). Åëåêòðè÷íà ÄÌ çà ðîçøèðåíèì êîìïëåêñîì QRS çóñòð³÷àëàñü ó 49 îáñòåæåíèõ, ùî ñêëàëî 46,2% â³ä çàãàëüíî¿ ê³ëüêîñò³ ïàö³ºíò³â. Ñåðåäí³é ïîêàçíèê QRS (n=49) äîð³âíþâàâ (173,87+45,66) ìñ.
² ÔÊ áóëî âèçíà÷åíî ó 6 õâîðèõ (5,7%), ²² ÔÊ - ó 48 (45,3%) , ²²² ÔÊ - ó 35 (33%) òà ²V ÔÊ - ó 17 (16%).
Ó 47,8 % îáñòåæåíèõ ç ðîçøèðåíèì êîìïëåêñîì QRS íå â³äì³÷åíî îçíàê ìåõàí³÷íî¿ ÄÌ. Öå äîâîäèòü, ùî íàÿâí³ñòü åëåêòðè÷íî¿ ÄÌ íå º îçíàêîþ ìåõàí³÷íèõ çì³í ó ì³îêàðä³ òà ïîòðåáóº äîäàòêîâèõ ä³àãíîñòè÷íèõ ìåòîäèê òà íåîáõ³äí³ñòü âèÿâëåííÿ àñèíõðîííîãî ñêîðî÷åííÿ ìåòîäîì ÅõîÊÃ.
Ó âñ³õ îáñòåæåíèõ ñïîñòåð³ãàëîñÿ ïîðóøåííÿ ä³àñòîë³÷íî¿ ôóíêö³¿ ñåðöÿ. Ó ïàö³ºíò³â ç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ³ ÄÌ òà â ãðóï³ ç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó áåç ÄÌ â³äì³÷àëèñÿ ïî÷àòêîâ³ îçíàêè òèïó ñïîâ³ëüíåííÿ ðåëàêñàö³¿. Âèðàæåí³ îçíàêè òèïó ñïîâ³ëüíåííÿ ðåëàêñàö³¿ â³äì³÷åíî ó ïàö³ºíò³â ç ÄÌ áåç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó çà ðàõóíîê ï³äâèùåííÿ ï³êó ä³àñòîë³÷íîãî íàïîâíåííÿ ËØ çà ÷àñ ñèñòîëè, çá³ëüøåííÿ ïîêàçíèê³â ³çîâîëþì³÷íîãî ðîçñëàáëåííÿ òà ï³äâèùåííÿ ÷àñó ñïîâ³ëüíåííÿ ðàííüîãî ä³àñòîë³÷íîãî íàïîâíåííÿ. Ó õâîðèõ áåç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó òà ÄÌ âèçíà÷àëè ðåñòðèêòèâíèé òèï ä³àñòîë³÷íî¿ äèñôóíêö³¿.
Àíàë³çóþ÷è ñòðóêòóðíî-ôóíêö³îíàëüíèõ ïàðàìåòð³â ñåðöÿ ó ïàö³ºíò³â ç ïîºäíàííÿì ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ ³ ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó â ðàç³ íàÿâíîñò³ ÄÌ áóëî âèçíà÷åíî çá³ëüøåííÿ ðîçì³ð³â òà îá'ºìíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ç ï³äâèùåííÿì ÔÊ ÕÑÍ. Òàê, ó õâîðèõ ç IV ÔÊ âèÿâëåíî äîñòîâ³ðíå çá³ëüøåííÿ ë³âîãî ïåðåäñåðäÿ (p<0,000015), ïðàâîãî ïåðåäñåðäÿ (ð<0,014), ÊÄÎ (ð<0,006), ÊÑÄ (ð<0,0001) ³ ÊÑÎ (ð<0,000006).
Ïðè äîñë³äæåíí³ âì³ñòó Ãàë-3 áóëè âèÿâëåí³ ãåíäåðí³ â³äì³ííîñò³ ñèðîâàòêîâèõ ð³âí³â: ó ÷îëîâ³ê³â ð³âåíü Ãàë-3 ñêëàäàâ (8,13±4,72) íã/ìë, ó æ³íîê - (6,68±4,62) íã/ìë. Òàêîæ áóëî âñòàíîâëåíî çðîñòàííÿ ð³âíÿ Ãàë-3 ç ï³äâèùåííÿì ÔÊ ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ãåíåçó ç³ çáåðåæåíîþ Ô ËØ òà ñóïóòí³ì ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó. Íàéá³ëüø³ ïîêàçíèêè ÎÔ²Ê áóëè âèçíà÷åí³ ó õâîðèõ ç ²²² ÔÊ ÕÑÍ. Ó ïàö³ºíò³â ç ÄÌ íà òë³ ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ó ïîð³âíÿíí³ ç ãðóïîþ áåç ÄÌ áóëî äîâåäåíî çá³ëüøåííÿ ïîêàçíèêà Ãàë-3 (7,49+0,6) íã/ìë òà ÎÔ²Ê (7,6±4,03)% ³ çìåíøåííÿ ÌÌÏ-1 (0,46+0,2) íã/ìë (ð<0,05).
Îäíî÷àñíî ñïîñòåð³ãàëîñÿ çðîñòàííÿ ð³âí³â Ãàë-3 çà óìîâè íàÿâíîñò³ ïîºäíàíèõ ôîðì ìåõàí³÷íî¿ ÄÌ. Òàê, ïðè îäíî÷àñíîìó êîìá³íóâàíí³ âíóòð³øíüî-øëóíî÷êîâî¿ òà ì³æøëóíî÷êîâî¿ àáî àòð³îâåíòðèêóëÿðíî¿ ÄÌ, ð³âåíü Ãàë-3 áóâ íàéá³ëüøèì (9,03+4,63) íã/ìë íà òë³ çìåíøåííÿ âì³ñòó ÌÌÏ-1 (0,2±1,7) íã/ìë. Ó õâîðèõ ç îïîñåðåäêîâàíèìè ïðîÿâàìè ÄÌ, òîáòî íàÿâíîñò³ îäí³º¿ ç ôîðì, Ãàë-3 áóâ çíà÷íî ìåíøèì (6,67+5,14) íã/ìë, îäíàê ï³äâèùóâàâñÿ ð³âåíü ÌÌÏ-1 (0,78+1,55) íã/ìë (ð<0,05).
Ó ïàö³ºíò³â ç ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ãåíåçó áåç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó òà ÄÌ ð³âåíü Ãàë-3 áóâ íàéìåíøèì (5,13±0,37) íã/ìë. Íàéâèùèé âì³ñò Ãàë-3 ñïîñòåð³ãàëè ó õâîðèõ áåç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ç ïðîÿâàìè ÄÌ (7,92±0,95) íã/ìë. Ïðè íàÿâíîñò³ ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ê³ëüê³ñí³ ïîêàçíèêè Ãàë-3 áóëè á³ëüøèìè ó ïîð³âíÿíí³ ç õâîðèìè áåç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó òà ÄÌ.
гâåíü ÌÌÏ-1 çíèæóâàâñÿ ç ïðîÿâàìè ñóïóòíüî¿ ïàòîëî㳿: íàéìåíø³ éîãî çíà÷åííÿ â³äì³÷àëèñÿ ó õâîðèõ íà ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó òà ÄÌ (0,33±0,06) íã/ìë; íàéá³ëüø³ - ó ïàö³ºíò³â áåç ÄÌ òà ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó (1,46±0,81) íã/ìë. Äàí³ ðåçóëüòàòè ìîæóòü ñâ³ä÷èòè ïðî ïîñèëåííÿ ì³îêàðä³àëüíîãî ô³áðîçó ïðè ïðèºäíàíí³ ÄÌ àáî ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó.
Âèÿâëåíî ïîçèòèâíèé êîðåëÿö³éíèé çâ'ÿçîê ì³æ ð³âíåì Ãàë-3 òà ëàêòàòäåã³äðîãåíàçè (r=+0,67; p<0,05). ÎÔ²Ê, îòðèìàíèé ïðè âèêîðèñòàíí³ ìåòîä³â ÅõîÊà òà ÅÊÃ, áóâ âèùèé ó ïàö³ºíò³â ç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó áåç ïðîÿâ³â ÄÌ (8,04±0,47) % (ð<0,05) ïîð³âíÿíî ç ãðóïîþ áåç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó òà áåç ÄÌ (5,47±0,56)%, ùî ìîæíà òðàêòóâàòè ÿê ï³äâèùåííÿ ð³âíÿ ³íòåðñòèö³àëüíîãî ô³áðîçó ó õâîðèõ ç ã³ïåðãë³êå쳺þ. Ñïîñòåð³ãàâñÿ çâîðîòí³é çâ'ÿçîê ì³æ ÎÔ²Ê òà ÌÌÏ-1: ó õâîðèõ áåç ïðîÿâ³â ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó òà ÄÌ - ÎÔ²Ê (5,47±0,56) % áóâ íàéíèæ÷èé, à ïîêàçíèê ÌÌÏ-1 - íàéâèùèé (1,46±0,81) íã/ìë.
Ïðè âèâ÷åíí³ çâ'ÿçê³â ñèðîâàòêîâèõ ð³âí³â ìàðêåð³â çàïàëåííÿ ç ìàðêåðàìè ô³áðîçó ó õâîðèõ ç ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ãåíåçó ç³ çáåðåæåíîþ Ô ËØ íà òë³ ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ç ïðîÿâàìè ÄÌ âèÿâëåíî ï³äâèùåííÿ ð³âíÿ ²Ë-1â ó âñ³õ îáñòåæåíèõ. Íàéá³ëüøèé âì³ñò ²Ë-1-â â³äì³÷àâñÿ ó õâîðèõ ç ïðîÿâàìè ÄÌ áåç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó (32,86+23,84 ) ïã/ìë; íàéìåíøèé - ç ñóïóòí³ìè ïðîÿâàìè ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó òà ÄÌ - (13,08+3,38) ïã/ìë. Âèÿâëåíî àêòèâí³ñòü ²Ë-10 òà ÔÍÏ-á ó ãðóïàõ ç ïðîÿâàìè ÄÌ: ð³âí³ îçíà÷åíèõ öèòîê³í³â ìàëè íàéá³ëüø³ çíà÷åííÿ ó ïàö³ºíò³â ç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó òà ÄÌ: (31,85+6,24) ïã/ìë ³ (24,64+4,26) ïã/ìë â³äïîâ³äíî. ³äì³÷åíî çá³ëüøåííÿ âì³ñòó ²Ë-10 òà ÔÍÎ-á ïðè êîìá³íîâàíèõ ôîðìàõ ÄÌ (ð<0,05), òîä³ ÿê çì³íè ²Ë-1â áóëè íåäîñòîâ³ðíèìè. Âèÿâëåíî ïîçèòèâíèé êîðåëÿö³éíèé çâ'ÿçîê ì³æ ð³âíåì Ãàë-3 òà ²Ë-10 (r=+0,59; p<0,05).
Îòðèìàí³ ðåçóëüòàòè âíîñèëè äî ðîçðîáëåíîãî ïðîãðàìíîãî êîìïëåêñó àâòîìàòèçîâàíî¿ ñèñòåìè ä³àãíîñòèêè äèññèíõðîí³¿ ì³îêàðäà (ÀÑÄ ÄÌ), â îñíîâ³ ÿêî¿ âèêîðèñòàëè íå÷³òê³ øòó÷í³ íåéðîíí³ ìåðåæ³. ѳìíàäöÿòü âõ³äíèõ íåéðîí³â ôîðìóþòü íà ñâî¿õ âèõîäàõ íå÷³òê³ îö³íêè 17 âõ³äíèõ ïàðàìåòð³â, ï³ñëÿ ÷îãî ö³ îö³íêè íàäõîäÿòü íà âõ³ä ïðîì³æíèõ íåéðîí³â òà ï³ñëÿ òèì÷àñîâî¿ ðîáîòè - íà âõîäè âèõ³äíîãî íåéðîíà, ùî ôîðìóº ãîëîâíó ä³àãíîñòè÷íó ã³ïîòåçó ó âèãëÿä³ íå÷³òêî¿ îö³íêè ÄÌ. Ñòðóêòóðà ÀÑÄ ÄÌ â³äïîâ³äຠêëàñè÷í³é ñòðóêòóð³ àâòîìàòèçîâàíî¿ ñèñòåìè îáðîáêè äàíèõ ³ ïðèéíÿòòÿ ð³øåíü âõ³äí³ ïàðàìåòðè P1, P2 ... PN - ðåçóëüòàòè ÅÊÃ, ÅõîÊÃ, ùî íàäõîäÿòü íà íîðìàë³çóþ÷èé ôàçç³ô³êàòîð, ÿêèé âèêîíóº ïîïåðåäíþ îáðîáêó öèõ ïàðàìåòð³â øëÿõîì ¿õ ïðèâåäåííÿ äî íå÷³òêîãî âèäó òà íîðìàë³çàö³¿ ïîêàçíèê³â. Äëÿ ôàçèô³êàö³¿ êîæíîãî ïàðàìåòðà âèêîðèñòîâóºòüñÿ â³äïîâ³äíà "ôóíêö³ÿ ïðèíàëåæíîñò³", ùî ìîæå áóòè â³äîáðàæåíà ó âèãëÿä³ òàáëèö³, àíàë³òè÷íî (ôîðìóëîþ) àáî ãðàô³÷íî. Íà âèõîä³ ôàçç³ô³êàòîðà ôîðìóþòüñÿ íå÷³òê³ îö³íêè âõ³äíèõ ïàðàìåòð³â, ïðè÷îìó, íà â³äì³íó â³ä âõ³äíèõ ïàðàìåòð³â, ¿õ ìîæíà ïîð³âíÿòè ì³æ ñîáîþ, îñê³ëüêè º áåçðîçì³ðíèìè âåëè÷èíàìè ç ä³àïàçîíó â³ä 0 äî 1. Çíà÷åííÿ 0 âèçíà÷ຠíîðìó, çíà÷åííÿ â ä³àïàçîí³ â³ä 0 äî 1/3 - íåçíà÷íó ïàòîëîã³þ, çíà÷åííÿ â ä³àïàçîí³ â³ä 1/ 3 äî 2/3 - ïîì³ðíó ïàòîëîã³þ, çíà÷åííÿ â ä³àïàçîí³ â³ä 2/3 äî 1 - çíà÷íó ïàòîëîã³þ. ϳäñèñòåìà âèâåäåííÿ íà îñíîâ³ íå÷³òêî¿ øòó÷íî¿ íåéðîííî¿ ìåðåæ³ ôîðìóº ä³àãíîñòè÷í³ ã³ïîòåçè, ÿê³ íàäõîäÿòü áåçïîñåðåäíüî íà âèõ³ä ñèñòåìè àáî íà âõ³ä ðåôàçç³ô³êàòîðà, ùî ïåðåòâîðþº çíà÷åííÿ íåïåðåðâíî¿ íå÷³òêî¿ ëîã³êè â çíà÷åííÿ äèñêðåòíî¿ íå÷³òêî¿ ëîã³êè, âèäàþòüñÿ íà ÂÈÕ²Ä 2. Ó ïåðøîìó âèïàäêó îòðèìóºòüñÿ ä³àãíîñòè÷í³ ã³ïîòåçè â ÷èñëîâîìó âèãëÿä³, êîæíà ã³ïîòåçà ïðåäñòàâëåíà ÷èñëîì â³ä 0 äî 1. Ó äðóãîìó âèïàäêó ë³êàð îòðèìóº ä³àãíîñòè÷í³ ã³ïîòåçè, âèðàæåí³ ó âèãëÿä³ ë³íãâ³ñòè÷íèõ çíà÷åíü «íîðìà», «íåçíà÷íà ïàòîëîã³ÿ», «ïîì³ðíà ïàòîëîã³ÿ» àáî «çíà÷íà ïàòîëîã³ÿ». Çàãàëüíî¿ ðîçá³æíîñò³ ë³íãâ³ñòè÷íèõ çíà÷åíü çà âñ³ìà ïàö³ºíòàì (n=106) âèÿâëåíî íå áóëî.
Äëÿ ïðîâåäåííÿ ïîð³âíÿëüíî¿ îö³íêè âïëèâó àíòàãîí³ñò³â ì³íåðàëîêîðòèêî¿äíèõ ðåöåïòîð³â íà çì³íè ìàðêåð³â ô³áðîçó Ãàë -3 ³ ÌÌÏ-1 òà ÄÌ ó õâîðèõ ç ÕÑÍ â ïîºäíàíí³ ç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ïàö³ºíòè áóëè ðîçïîä³ëåí³ íà 3 ãðóïè: 1) 40 îñ³á (37,7%), ÿê³ íå ïðèéìàëè àíòàãîí³ñòè ì³íåðàëîêîðòèêî¿äíèõ ðåöåïòîð³â; 2) 34 ïàö³ºíòà (32,1%), ÿêèì ïðèçíà÷àëè ñï³ðîíîëàêòîí 50 ìã íà äîáó. Äî 3-¿ ãðóïè óâ³éøëî 32 õâîðèõ (30,2%) ç âèêîðèñòàííÿì åïëåðåíîíó ïî 50 ìã íà äîáó. Ó ãðóï³ õâîðèõ, ùî çíàõîäèëèñÿ íà ñï³ðîíîëàêòîí³, àêòèâí³ñòü ìàðêåð³â ô³áðîçó áóëà íàéá³ëüø âèðàæåíà, í³æ ó ïàö³ºíò³â ùî ïðèéìàëè åïëåðåíîí. Íàéá³ëüø³ ïîêàçíèêè ì³æøëóíî÷êîâî¿ ÄÌ â³äì³÷àëèñü ó ïàö³ºíò³â, ùî íå ïðèéìàëè àíòàãîí³ñò³â ì³íåðàëîêîðòèêî¿äíèõ ðåöåïòîð³â. Çàòðèìêà àêòèâàö³¿ çàäíº-á³÷íî¿ ñò³íêè ËØ òà çàòðèìêà àêòèâàö³¿ ÌØÏ áóëè íàéìåíøèìè â ãðóï³, ùî ïðèéìàëè åïëåðåíîí ó ïîð³âíÿíí³ ç ïàö³ºíòàìè, ÿêèì ïðèçíà÷àëè ñï³ðîíîëàêòîí (ð<0,02). Âèÿâëåíî çíà÷íå ï³äâèùåííÿ ïîêàçíèê³â ²Ë-1â, ²Ë-10 òà ÔÍÏ-á ó õâîðèõ áåç ïðèéîìó àíòàãîí³ñò³â ì³íåðàëîêîðòèêî¿äíèõ ðåöåïòîð³â; íàéìåíøèé ïîêàçíèê ²Ë-1â (ð<0,04) ³ÔÍÏ-á â³äì³÷åíî ó îñ³á ç åïëåðåíîì. Íàéá³ëüøèé ïîêàçíèêè Ãàë-3 òà ÌÌÏ-1 â³äì³÷åíî ó ïàö³ºíò³â ç³ ñï³ðîíîëàêòîíîì. Çíà÷åííÿ ÎÔ²Ê ì³æ ãðóïàìè 2 òà 3 çíà÷íî íå â³äð³çíÿëèñü. Êîåô³ö³ºíò àòåðîãåíåçó òàêîæ áóâ íèæ÷èì ó 2-é òà 3-é ãðóïàõ.
Ïðè ïîâòîðíîìó îáñòåæåíí³ ÷åðåç 1 ì³ñÿöü, ó ïàö³ºíò³â ç åïëåðåíîíîì â³äì³÷åíî çíèæåííÿ ïîêàçíèêè ì³æøëóíî÷êîâî¿ ÄÌ. ϳñëÿ ë³êóâàííÿ çðîñòàâ ïîêàçíèê àòð³îâåíòðèêóëÿðíî¿ ÄÌ, â³äáóâàëîñü çíèæåííÿ ïîêàçíèê³â âíóòð³øíüîøëóíî÷êîâî¿ ÄÌ; çàòðèìêà àêòèâàö³¿ çàäíº-á³÷íî¿ ñò³íêè ËØ äî ë³êóâàííÿ ñòàíîâèëà (355,64±89,29) ìñ òà ï³ñëÿ ë³êóâàííÿ - (350,5±123,2) ìñ. ϳñëÿ ïðèéîìó çàçíà÷åíîãî ë³êóâàííÿ â³äáóâàëîñü ñêîðî÷åííÿ êîìïëåêñó QRS äî (129,87±48,65) ìñ (ð<0,05). ³äáóâàëîñü çìåíøåííÿ ÎÔ²Ê ç (9,2± 3,06)% äî (7,3± 2,4)%. Àêòèâí³ñòü Ãàë-3 òà ÌÌÏ-1 ó ïðîäîâæ ì³ñÿöÿ ï³ñëÿ ë³êóâàííÿ íå çì³íþâàëàñü.
Òàêèì ÷èíîì, ïðè ïîºäíàíí³ ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ òà ÖÄ 2 òèïó ñïîñòåð³ãàºòüñÿ íàäëèøêîâå ôîðìóâàííÿ ì³îêàðä³àëüíîãî ô³áðîçó, ùî ïðèçâîäèòü äî äèñôóíêö³¿ ïðîâ³äíî¿ ñèñòåìè ñåðöÿ òà ïðîÿâ³â ÄÌ. Äîäàòêîâå ïðèçíà÷åííÿ àíòàãîí³ñòà ì³íåðàëîêîðòèêî¿äíèõ ðåöåïòîð³â åïëåðåíîíà õâîðèì ç ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ ç³ çáåðåæåíîþ Ô ËØ íà òë³ ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ïðèçâîäèòü äî çìåíøåííÿ ïðîÿâ³â ìåõàí³÷íî¿ òà åëåêòðè÷íî¿ ÄÌ, íîðìàë³çàö³¿ ìåòàáîë³÷íèõ ïðîöåñ³â.
ÂÈÑÍÎÂÊÈ
1. Ó äèñåðòàö³éí³é ðîáîò³ ïðåäñòàâëåíå íîâå ð³øåííÿ îäí³º¿ ç ñó÷àñíèõ ïðîáëåì âíóòð³øíüî¿ ìåäèöèíè, à ñàìå, îïòèì³çàö³ÿ ä³àãíîñòèêè òà ë³êóâàííÿ õâîðèõ ç ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ â ïîºäíàíí³ ç ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó øëÿõîì îö³íêè ÄÌ âíàñë³äîê ðîçâèòêó ô³áðîçó íà ï³äñòàâ³ äîñë³äæåííÿ á³îìàðêåð³â ô³áðîçó Ãàë-3 òà ÌÌÏ-1, ïàðàìåòð³â êàðä³îãåìîäèíàì³êè òà ¿õ âçàºìîçâ'ÿçêó.
2. Ïðè êîìîðá³äíîñò³ ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ãåíåçó òà ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó âæå íà ïî÷àòêîâèõ åòàïàõ ³ñíóâàííÿ ïàòîëî㳿 ñïîñòåð³ãàþòüñÿ ìåòàáîë³÷í³ ïîðóøåííÿ, ùî ñïðè÷èíÿþòü åëåêòðè÷íó ÄÌ òà ñóïðîâîäæóþòüñÿ ïîäîâæåííÿì òðèâàëîñò³ êîìïëåêñó QRS íà òë³ çðîñòàííÿ ÔÊ ÕÑÍ.
3. Ó õâîðèõ ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó â ïîºäíàíí³ ç ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ãåíåçó ïðè çáåðåæåí³é Ô ËØ òà ïðîÿâàìè ÄÌ ñïîñòåð³ãàþòüñÿ âèðàæåí³ ïîðóøåííÿ ìîðôî-ôóíêö³îíàëüíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ë³âèõ â³ää³ë³â ñåðöÿ, âèçíà÷àºòüñÿ çá³ëüøåííÿ ÊÄÐ ËØ òà ÊÑÎ ËØ, ìàñè ì³îêàðäà òà ä³àìåòðó àîðòè. Ïåðåá³ã çàõâîðþâàííÿ ïðè ÄÌ õàðàêòåðèçóºòüñÿ ï³äâèùåííÿì ë³í³éíèõ ³ îá'ºìíèõ åõîêàðä³îãðàô³÷íèõ ïîêàçíèê³â, ïðîãðåñóâàííÿì ä³àñòîë³÷íî¿ äèñôóíêö³¿ çà òèïîì ñïîâ³ëüíåííÿ ðåëàêñàö³¿ ç ïåðåõîäîì ó ðåñòðèêòèâíèé òèï. Ó ïàö³ºíò³â ç ² - ²²² ÔÊ ðîçâèâàþòüñÿ ä³àñòîë³÷í³ ïîðóøåííÿ çà òèïîì ñïîâ³ëüíåííÿ ðåëàêñàö³¿, ó ïðè IV ÔÊ ÕÑÍ - ä³àñòîë³÷í³ ïîðóøåííÿ ðåñòðèêòèâíîãî òèïó. Õâîð³ áåç ïðîÿâ³â ìåõàí³÷íî¿ ÄÌ ìàþòü çá³ëüøåííÿ îá'ºìíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ÊÄÎ òà ÊÑÎ.
4. Ïðè ïîºäíàíí³ ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ´åíåçó òà ÖÄ 2 òèïó â³äáóâàºòüñÿ çðîñòàííÿ ñèðîâàòêîâîãî ð³âíþ Ãàë-3, ÿêå êîðåëþº ç ïðîãðåñóâàííÿì ìåõàí³÷íî¿ ÄÌ, ï³äâèùåííÿì ÔÊ ÕÑÍ, ðîçâèòêîì ñèñòîë³÷íî¿ òà ä³àñòîë³÷íî¿ íåäîñòàòíîñò³. Âì³ñò ÌÌÏ-1 çàëåæàòü â³ä ôîðìè ìåõàí³÷íî¿ ÄÌ - çìåíøóþòüñÿ ïðè ïîºäíàíèõ ôîðìàõ, òà çðîñòàº, ïî÷èíàþ÷è ç ²² ÔÊ ÕÑÍ, ùî ñâ³ä÷èòü ïðî ³í³ö³àö³þ ïðîöåñ³â ô³áðîçó. Ó õâîðèõ ç ²² òà ²²² ÔÊ ÕÑÍï³äâèùóºòüñÿ ÎÔ²Ê. Ó õâîðèõ íà ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ´åíåçó, ùî ïåðåá³ãຠíà òë³ ÖÄ 2 òèïó, ôîðìóâàííÿ ÄÌ ïðèçâîäèòü äî àêòèâàö³ÿ ïðîòèçàïàëüíèõ öèòîê³í³â ²Ë-1â, ²Ë-10 òà ÔÍÏ-á, ùî ïîñèëþº ìåòàáîë³÷í³ ïîðóøåííÿ â ì³îêàðä³ íà ôîí³ õðîí³÷íîãî çàïàëåííÿ ïðè ã³ïåðãë³êå쳿. Ìàðêåðè çàïàëåííÿ äîñòîâ³ðíî àñîö³éîâàí³ ç ï³äâèùåííÿì ÔÊ ÕÑÍ òàð³âíåì Ãàë-3.
5. Ñòâîðåíà òà àïðîáîâàíà ÀÑÄ ÄÌ, ÿêà ðîçðîáëåíà ç âèêîðèñòàííÿì ìîâè ïðîãðàìóâàííÿ Visual Basic, â ñåðåäîâèùè Visual Basic for Applications òà âáóäîâàíà â òàáëè÷íèé ðåäàêòîð Excel ç ïàêåòó ïðîãðàì Microsoft Office íà îñíîâ³ âõ³äíèõ äàíèõ, îòðèìàíèõ çà ðåçóëüòàòàìè ÅÊà òà ÅõîÊÃ. Çàïðîïîíîâàí³ ìåòîäè îö³íêè äèññèíõðîí³¿ ì³îêàðäà çàáåçïå÷óþòü ïðîñòèé ñïîñ³á âèçíà÷åííÿ îö³íêè íàÿâíîñò³ ÄÌ, ÿê ³íòåãðàëüíîãî ïàðàìåòðà, ùî çàëåæèòü â³ä ð³çíîòèïíèõ äàíèõ ð³çíèõ ðîçì³ðíîñòåé. ˳íãâ³ñòè÷íå çíà÷åííÿ óñåðåäíåíî¿ îö³íêè îäíîãî ³ òîãî æ ïàö³ºíòà ð³çíèìè åêñïåðòàìè çá³ãàºòüñÿ ç ë³íãâ³ñòè÷íèì çíà÷åííÿì, îòðèìàíèì â³ä ÀÑÄ ÄÌ.
6. Ó õâîðèõ íà ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ãåíåçó ç³ çáåðåæåíîþ Ô ËØ òà ñóïóòí³ì ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó, ïðè ïðèéîì³ àíòàãîí³ñò³â ì³íåðàëîêîðòèêî¿äíèõ ðåöåïòîð³â çìåíøóþòüñÿ ïðîÿâè ìåõàí³÷íî¿ ÄÌ, ï³äâèùóþòüñÿ ð³âí³ ìàðêåð³â ô³áðîçó Ãàë-3 òà ÌÌÏ-1 òà çíèæóºòüñÿ àêòèâí³ñòü ìàðêåð³â çàïàëåííÿ. Åïëåðåíîí äîñòîâ³ðíî åôåêòèâí³øå çà ñï³ðîíîëàêòîí çìåíøóº çàòðèìêó àêòèâàö³¿ ì³æøëóíî÷êîâî¿ ïåðåòèíêè, ïîë³ïøóº ë³ï³äíèé îáì³í.
7. Âêëþ÷åííÿ äî êîìïëåêñíî¿ òåðàﳿ àíòàãîí³ñòà ì³íåðàëîêîðòèêî¿äíèõ ðåöåïòîð³â åïëåðåíîíó â äîç³ 50 ìã íà äîáó âæå ÷åðåç ì³ñÿöü ë³êóâàííÿ ïîë³ïøóº ãåìîäèíàì³÷í³ ïàðàìåòðè, çìåíøóº ïîêàçíèêè ì³æøëóíî÷êîâî¿ òà âíóòð³øíüîøëóíî÷êîâî¿ ÄÌ, àëå ñóïðîâîäæóºòüñÿ çðîñòàííÿì àòð³îâåíòð³êóëÿðíî¿ ÄÌ. Îäíî÷àñíî çìåíøóºòüñÿ ð³âåíü çàãàëüíîãî õîëåñòåðèíó êðîâ³ òà ãë³êîçèëüîâàíîãî ãåìîãëîá³íó íà òë³ òåíäåíö³¿ äî íîðìàë³çàö³¿ àêòèâíîñò³ ìàðêåð³â ô³áðîçó òà çàïàëåííÿ.
ÏÐÀÊÒÈ×Ͳ ÐÅÊÎÌÅÍÄÀÖ²¯
1. Ç ìåòîþ ïîïåðåäæåííÿ ðåìîäåëþâàííÿ ñåðöÿ òà ïðîãðåñóâàííÿ ä³àñòîë³÷íî¿ äèñôóíêö³¿ ó õâîðèõ íà ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ ç³ çáåðåæåíîþ ç³ çáåðåæåíîþ òà ñåðåäíüîþ ôðàêö³ºþ âèêèäó ËØ (Ô ËØ>45%.) òà ñóïóòí³ì ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ðåêîìåíäîâàíî âêëþ÷åííÿ â êîìïëåêñíå îáñòåæåííÿ åõîêàðä³îãðàô³÷íèõ òà åëåêòðîêàðä³îãðàô³÷íèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ÄÌ.
2. Äëÿ ï³äâèùåííÿ ÿêîñò³ îö³íêè äèíàì³êè ë³êóâàííÿ õâîðèõ íà ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ ç³ çáåðåæåíîþ òà ñåðåäíüîþ ôðàêö³ºþ âèêèäó ËØ (Ô ËØ>45%.) òà ñóïóòí³ì ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ç ïðîÿâàìè ÄÌ, îá´ðóíòîâàíî äîö³ëüí³ñòü âèçíà÷åííÿ ð³âí³â ãàëåêòèíà-3 ³ ÌÌÏ-1 â ñèðîâàòö³ êðîâ³, çì³íè ð³âíÿ Ãàë-3 á³ëüøå í³æ 5,06 .íã/ìë òà ÌÌÏ-1 ìåíøå í³æ 0,09 íã/ìë, ðåêîìåíäóºòüñÿ ââàæàòè îçíàêàìè íåñïðèÿòëèâîãî ïåðåá³ãó êîìîðá³äíî¿ ïàòîëî㳿 òà àñîö³þâàòè ç ïîã³ðøåííÿì ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó ì³îêàðäà òà ïðîãðåñóâàííÿì ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ãåíåçó.
3. Äëÿ ï³äâèùåííÿ åôåêòèâíîñò³ ä³àãíîñòèêè ïðîÿâ³â ìåõàí³÷íî¿ ÄÌ ó õâîðèõ íà ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ ç³ çáåðåæåíîþ òà ñåðåäíüîþ ôðàêö³ºþ âèêèäó ËØ (Ô ËØ>45%.) òà ñóïóòí³ì ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ðåêîìåíäîâàíî âèçíà÷àòè òðèâàë³ñòü êîìïëåêñó QRS. Ïðè çá³ëüøåíí³ QRS í³æ 120 ìñ íà ÅÊà çàñòîñîâóâàòè àâòîìàòèçîâàíèé êîìïëåêñ ä³àãíîñòèêè ÄÌ.
4. Õâîðèì íà ÕÑÍ ³øåì³÷íîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ ç³ çáåðåæåíîþ òà ñåðåäíüîþ ôðàêö³ºþ âèêèäó ËØ (Ô ËØ>45%.) òà ñóïóòí³ì ÖÄ 2-ãî òèïó ç ïðîÿâàìè ìåõàí³÷íî¿ ÄÌ äîö³ëüíî ïðèçíà÷åííÿ àíòàãîí³ñòó ì³íåðàëîêîðòèêî¿äíèõ ðåöåïòîð³â - åïëåðåíîíó ç âèçíà÷åííÿì ³íäèâ³äóàëüíî¿ äîçè ç ìåòîþ çìåíøåííÿ ð³âíÿ ì³îêàðä³àëüíîãî ô³áðîçó ï³ä êîíòðîëåì ñòóïåíþ êàë³þ êðîâ³.
ÑÏÈÑÎÊ ÂÈÊÎÐÈÑÒÀÍÈÕ ÄÆÅÐÅË
1. Áàðíà Î. Ì. Ñó÷àñí³ ðåêîìåíäàö³¿ ùîäî ïðîô³ëàêòèêè ñåðöåâî-ñóäèííèõ óñêëàäíåíü ó ïàö³ºíò³â ç öóêðîâèì ä³àáåòîì [Òåêñò] / Î. Ì Áàðíà, Í. Þ. Ãåðæàí, Ï. ². Ïîãîéäà // Ìèñòåöòâî ë³êóâàííÿ. - 2011. -N 9. - Ñ. 27-30.
2. Áåëîâîë À. Í. Ïàòîãåíåòè÷åñêèå àñïåêòû ðàçâèòèÿ õðîíè÷åñêîé ñåðäå÷íîé íåäîñòàòî÷íîñòè â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ïîëà è âîçðàñòà. ×òî ìû çíàåì îá ýòîì ñåãîäíÿ? /À. Í. Áåëîâîë, Ë. Ð.Áîáðîííèêîâà, È. À. Èëü÷åíêî // Óêðàèíñêèé òåðàïåâò. -. 2014. - ¹ 3/4. - Ñ. 7-15.
3. Áåðåçèí À.Å. Áèîëîãè÷åñêèå ìàðêåðû â îöåíêå ðèñêà íàñòóïëåíèÿ íåáëàãîïðèÿòíûõ êëèíè÷åñêèõ èñõîäîâ ó ïàöèåíòîâ ñ õðîíè÷åñêîé ñåðäå÷íîé íåäîñòàòî÷íîñòüþ èøåìè÷åñêîãî ãåíåçà. / À.Å. Áåðåçèí, À.À. Êðåìçåð // Óêðà¿íñüêèé êàðä³îëîã³÷íèé æóðíàë.- 2014. - ¹5. - Ñ. 88-96.
4. Áîêåðèÿ Ë.À. Ìåòîäèêà ïðèìåíåíèÿ è îöåíêà ýôôåêòèâíîñòè èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ýõîêàðäèîãðàôèè â äèàãíîñòèêå äèññèíõðîíèè äî è ïîñëå èìïëàíòàöèè óñòðîéñòâ ðåñèíõðîíèçàöèè ñåðäöà]/ Ë.À.Áîêåðèÿ, Ë.Î.Áîêåðèÿ, Î.Í.Êèñëèöèíà. //Àííàëû àðèòìîëîãèè. - 2010. - ¹3 - Ñ. 31-42.
5. Áîëîòñêèõ À.Â. Èíñóëèíîðåçèñòåíòíîñòü è óðîâåíü ãàëåêòèíà-3 ó ïàöèåíòîâ ñ ñåðäå÷íîé íåäîñòàòî÷íîñòüþ ñ ñîõðàíåííîé ôðàêöèåé áåç ñàõàðíîãî äèàáåòà 2 òèïà / Áîëîòñêèõ À.Â. // Êàðäèîëîãèÿ Óçáåêèñòàíà. - 2014. - Âûï. 1-2. - Ñ. 170.
6. Âëàñåíêî Ì. À. Îñîáåííîñòè âëèÿíèÿ äèññèíõðîíèè íà ðåìîäåëèðîàíèå ìèîêàðäà ó áîëüíûõ ñ õðîíè÷åñêîé ñåðäå÷íîé íåäîñòàòî÷íîñòüþ â ñî÷åòàíèè ñ ñàõàðíûì äèàáåòîì âòîðîãî òèïà. / Ì.À. Âëàñåíêî, Þ.Â. Ðîäèîíîâà // Êëèíè÷åñêàÿ ìåäèöèíà -2013. - ¹11. - Ñ. 44-47.
7. Âîðîíêîâ Ë.Ã., Ãîðîâåíêî Í.Ã., ²ëüíèöüêà Ì.Ð.. Ïîë³ìîðô³çì T-786-C ãåíà åíäîòåë³àëüíî¿ NO-ñèíòàçè â ïàö³ºíò³â ç õðîí³÷íîþ ñåðöåâîþ íåäîñòàòí³ñòþ çàëåæíî â³ä íàÿâíîñò³ ³íñóë³íîðåçèñòåíòíîñò³. / Ë. Ã. Âîðîíêîâ, Í. Ã. Ãîðîâåíêî, Ì. Ð. ²ëüíèöüêà //.Óêðà¿íñüêèé êàðä³îëîã³÷íèé æóðíàë. - 2015. - ¹ 1. -Ñ. 69-74.
8. Âîðîíêîâ Ë. Ã., Àìîñîâà Ê. Ì., Äçÿê Ã. Â. Ðåêîìåíäàö³¿ Àñîö³àö³¿ êàðä³îëîã³â Óêðà¿íè ç ä³àãíîñòèêè òà ë³êóâàííÿ õðîí³÷íî¿ ñåðöåâî¿ íåäîñòàòíîñò³. / Ë. Ã.Âîðîíêîâ, Ê. Ì. Àìîñîâà, Ã. Â. Äçÿê // Ñåðöåâà íåäîñòàòí³ñòü òà êîìîðá³äí³ ñòàíè - Êè¿â. -2017 - ¹1 - äîä. 1. 66 ñ.
9. Âîðîíêîâ Ë.Ã. Ðåêîìåíäàö³¿ ç ä³àãíîñòèêè òà ë³êóâàííÿ õðî- í³÷íî¿ ñåðöåâî¿ íåäîñòàòíîñò³ / Ë.Ã. Âîðîíêîâ, Ê.Ì. Àìîñîâà, À.Å. Áàãð³é et al. // Ñåðöåâà íåäîñòàòí³ñòü. - 2012. - ¹3. - C. 60-96.
10. Âîðîíêîâ Ë.Ã. Ðåêîìåíäàö³¿ ç ä³àãíîñòèêè òà ë³êóâàííÿ õðîí³÷íî¿ ñåðöåâî¿ íåäîñòàòíîñò³ / Ë.Ã. Âîðîíêîâ, Ê.Ì. Àìîñîâà, À.Å. Áàãð³é et al. // Ñåðöåâà íåäîñòàòí³ñòü. - 2012. - ¹3. - C. 60-96.
11. Ãåëüñ³íñüêà äåêëàðàö³ÿ Âñåñâ³òíüî¿ ìåäè÷íî¿ àñîö³àö³¿ "Åòè÷í³ ïðèíöèïè ìåäè÷íèõ äîñë³äæåíü çà ó÷àñòþ ëþäèíè ó ÿêîñò³ îá'ºêòà äîñë³äæåííÿ" â³ä 01.06.1964 ð. ³ç çì³íàìè â³ä 10.2008 ð. [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. - Ðåæèì äîñòóïó : http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/990_005.
12. Ãîí÷àðü À. Â. Ñåðäå÷íî-ñîñóäèñòîå ðåìîäåëèðîâàíèå è äèàñòîëè÷åñêàÿ äèñôóíêöèÿ ó áîëüíûõ ãèïåðòîíè÷åñêîé áîëåçíüþ ñ îæèðåíèåì. / Ãîí÷àðü À. Â. // Óêðà¿íñüêèé êàðä³îëîã³÷íèé æóðíàë. - 2013. - ¹ 4 - Ñ. 91-92.
13. Äàãõàð Ñ. Ïðîãíîñòè÷åñêîå çíà÷åíèå óðîâíÿ ãàëåêòèíà-3 ó áîëüíûõ ãèïåðòðîôè÷åñêîé êàðäèîìèîïàòèåé. / Äàãõàð Ñ. // Ìåäèöèíà íåîòëîæíûõ ñîñòîÿíèé - 2017. - ¹ 1 (80). - Ñ. 151-158.
14. Äìèòðèåâà Í.Â. Ïîëèïàðàìåòðè÷åñêàÿ äèàãíîñòèêà â ìåäèêî-áèîëîãè÷åñêèõ èññëåäîâàíèÿõ / Äìèòðèåâà Í.Â. // Ïðîãðàììíûå ïðîäóêòû è ñèñòåìû - Òâåðü, ÌÍÈÈÏÓ - 2002. - ¹3. - Ñ. 32-34.
15. Æàð³íîâà Â.Þ. ijàãíîñòè÷í³ òà ïðîãíîñòè÷í³ ìîæëèâîñò³ êàðä³îòðîïíèõ àóòîàíòèò³ë ó ïàö³ºíò³â ïîõèëîãî â³êó ç ³øåì³÷íîþ õâîðîáîþ ñåðöÿ ç ð³çíîþ ñêîðîòëèâîþ çäàòí³ñòþ ì³îêàðäà / Â.Þ. Æàð³íîâà, Â.Î. Òàáàêîâè÷-Âàöåáà, ².Î. Ñåíüêî // Óêðà¿íñüêèé êàðä³îëîã³÷íèé æóðíàë - 2015. - ¹4 - Ñ. 81-86.
16. Êàðïîâ Þ. À. Ýïëåðåíîí: óëó÷øåíèå ïðîãíîçàó áîëüíûõ ñ õðîíè÷åñêîéñåðäå÷íîé íåäîñòàòî÷íîñòüþèøåìè÷åñêîé ýòèîëîãèè / Þ.À. Êàðïîâ // Õðîíè÷åñêàÿ ñåðäå÷íàÿ íåäîñòàòî÷íîñòü. - 2014 - Ñ. 28-36.
17. Êîâàëåíêî Â. Ì. Îïòèì³çàö³ÿ ä³àãíîñòèêè ñåðöåâî¿ íåäîñòàòíîñò³ ç³ çáåðåæåíîþ ôðàêö³ºþ âèêèäó ë³âîãî øëóíî÷êàó õâîðèõ íà ã³ïåðòîí³÷íó õâîðîáó øëÿõîìâèêîðèñòàííÿ ñïåêë-òðåê³íã åõîêàðä³îãðàô³¿ / Â. Ì. Êîâàëåíêî, Î. Ã. Íåñóêàé, ª. Þ. Ò³òîâ, Í. òà ³í. // Óêðà¿íñüêèé êàðä³îëîã³÷íèé æóðíàë. - 2015. - ¹5. - Ñ. 43-49.
18. Êîâàëåíêî Â.Ì. Ñåðöåâî-ñóäèíí³ õâîðîáè: ìåäèêî-ñîö³àëüíå çíà- ÷åííÿ òà ñòðàòåã³ÿ ðîçâèòêó êàðä³îëî㳿 â Óêðà¿í³ / Â.Ì. Êîâàëåíêî, À.Ï. Äîðîãîé // Óêðà¿íñüêèé êàðä³îëîã³÷íèé æóðíàë. - 2016. -Äîäàòîê 3. - C. 5-14.
19. Êîðîëåâà Å. Â. Äèàñòîëè÷åñêàÿ äèñôóíêöèÿ è ðåìîäåëèðîâàíèå ëåâîãî æåëóäî÷êà ó áîëüíûõ ñàõàðíûì äèàáåòîì II òèïà ñ êîìîðáèäíûìè îæèðåíèåì è àðòåðèàëüíîé ãèïåðòåíçèåé / Å. Â. Êîðîëåâà, À. Å. Êðàòíîâ, Å. Â. Òèìãàíîâà // Âåñòí. ñîâðåìåí. êëèí. ìåäèöèíû. - 2014. - Ò. 7, âûï. 3. - Ñ. 232-238.
20. Êðàâ÷óí Ï. Ï. Ãåíäåðí³ òà â³êîâ³ îñîáëèâîñò³ ðåìîäåëþâàííÿ ñåðöÿ ó õâîðèõ ç ïîñò³íôàðêòíèì êàðä³îñêëåðîçîì, öóêðîâèì ä³àáåòîì 2 òèïó òà îæèð³ííÿì. /Êðàâ÷óí Ï. Ï. // ̳æíàðîäíèé åíäîêðèíîëîã³÷íèé æóðíàë. - 2015. - ¹ 2(66).- Ñ. 20-25.
21. Êðàâ÷óí Ï. Ï., Ãàáèñîíèÿ Ò. Í., Êàäûêîâà Î. È. Íîâûå ìàðêåðû ïðîãðåññèðîâàíèÿ õðîíè÷åñêîé ñåðäå÷íîé íåäîñòàòî÷íîñòè ó áîëüíûõ ñ ïîñòèíôàðêòíûì êàðäèîñêëåðîçîì, ñàõàðíûì äèàáåòîì 2 òèïà è îæèðåíèåì. /Ï. Ï. Êðàâ÷óí, Ò. Í. Ãàáèñîíèÿ, Î. È. Êàäûêîâà // Georgian Medical News. - 2015. - ¹ 1 (238). - Ñ. 60-64.
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Ïèòàííÿ ë³êóâàííÿ ïàö³ºíò³â ç ïîºäíàíèì ïåðåá³ãîì àðòåð³àëüíî¿ ã³ïåðòåí糿 òà öóêðîâîãî ä³àáåòó. Îö³íêà âïëèâó ï³äâèùåííÿ àðòåð³àëüíîãî òèñêó íà ðîçâèòîê ã³ïåðòðîô³÷íèõ òèï³â ðåìîäåëþâàííÿ ñåðöÿ. Îñîáëèâîñò³ àðèòì³é ïðè öóêðîâîìó ä³àáåò³ 2 òèïó.
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