40. Chirkov V. [и др.] Differentiating autonomy from individualism and independence: a self-determination theory perspective on internalization of cultural orientations and well-being // Journal of personality and social psychology. - 2003 г.. - 1 : Т. 84.

41. Chong A. and Calderon C. Institutional quality and income distribution // Economic Development and Cultural Change. - 2000. - 4 : Vol. 48. - pp. 761-786.

42. Cicourel A. V. Cognitive sociology: Language and meaning in social interaction . - 1974.

43. Coleman J. S. Foundations of social theory . - [s.l.] : Cambridge, 1990.

44. Coleman J. S. Social capital in the creation of human capital // American journal of sociology. - 1988. - Vol. 94. - pp. 95-120.

45. Cottle T. J. The location of experience: A manifest time orientation // Acta Psychologica. - 1968. - Vol. 28. - pp. 129-149.

46. Dasgupta P. and Weale M. On measuring the quality of life // World development. - 1992. - 1 : Vol. 20. - pp. 119-131.

47. Dollar D. and Kraay A. Institutions, trade, and growth // Journal of monetary economics. - 2003. - 1 : Vol. 50. - pp. 133-162.

48. Dollar D., Fisman R. and Gatti R. Are women really the “fairer” sex? Corruption and women in government // Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. - 2001. - 4 : Vol. 46. - pp. 423-429.

49. Eagly A. H. and Chaiken S. The advantages of an inclusive definition of attitude // Social cognition. - 2007. - 5 : Vol. 25. - pp. 582-602.

50. Fisman R. and Miguel E. Corruption, norms, and legal enforcement: Evidence from diplomatic parking tickets // Journal of Political economy. - 2007. - 6 : Vol. 115. - pp. 1020-1048.

51. Forsman A. K. [et al.] Forsman A. K. et al. Structural and cognitive social capital and depression among older adults in two Nordic regions // Aging & mental health. - 2012. - 6 : Vol. 16. - pp. 771-779.

52. Frey B. S. and Torgler B. Tax morale and conditional cooperation // Journal of Comparative Economics. - 2007. - 1 : Vol. 35. - pp. 136-159.

53. Frey B. S. and Weck H. Bureaucracy and the shadow economy: a macro-approach [Book Section] / book auth. Deficiencies Anatomy of Government. - [s.l.] : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1983.

54. Geertz C. Old societies and new states: The quest for modernity in Asia and Africa . - New York : Free press of Glencoe, 1963. - pp. 105-157.

55. Glaeser E. L. [et al.] Measuring trust // The Quarterly Journal of Economics. - 2000. - 3 : Vol. 115. - pp. 811-846.

56. Goudie A. W. and Stasavage D. A framework for the analysis of corruption // Crime, Law and Social Change. - 1998. - 2 : Vol. 29. - pp. 113-159.

57. Graeff P. Why should one trust in corruption? The linkage between corruption, norms and social capital [Book Section] // The new institutional economics of corruption. - [s.l.] : Routledge, 2004.

58. Granovetter M. Coase revisited: Business groups in the modern economy // Industrial and corporate change. - [s.l.] : 4, 1995. - Vol. 1. - pp. 93-130.

59. Granovetter M. The impact of social structure on economic outcomes // The Journal of economic perspectives. - 2005. - 1 : Vol. 19. - pp. 33-50.

60. Greenfield P. M. Three approaches to the psychology of culture: Where do they come from? Where can they go? //Asian Journal of Social Psychology . - 2000. - 3 : Vol. 3. - pp. 223-240.

61. Greif A., Milgrom P. and Weingast B. R. Coordination, commitment, and enforcement: The case of the merchant guild // Journal of political economy. - 1994. - 4 : Vol. 102. - pp. 745-776.

62. Guiso L., Sapienza P. and Zingales L. The role of social capital in financial development // The American Economic Review. - 2004. - 3 : Vol. 94. - pp. 526-556.

63. Haberfeld M. R. [et al.] Police officer perceptions of the disciplinary consequences of police corruption in Croatia, Poland, Slovenia and the United States // Police Practice and Research. - 2000. - Vol. 1. - pp. 41-72.

64. Halpern D. Moral Values, Social Trust and Inequality Can Values Explain Crime? // British Journal of Criminology. - 2001. - 2 : Vol. 41. - pp. 236-251.

65. Hauk E. and Saez-Marti M. On the cultural transmission of corruption // Journal of Economic Theory. - 2002. - 2 : Vol. 107. - pp. 311-335.

66. Heidenheimer A. J., Johnston M. and LeVine V. T. Political corruption . - New York : Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1970. - Vol. 24. - pp. 26-27.

67. Hofstede G. Motivation, leadership, and organization: do American theories apply abroad? // Organizational dynamics. - 1980. - 1 : Vol. 9. - pp. 42-63.

68. Holmberg S., Rothstein B. and Nasiritousi N. Quality of government: What you get // Annual Review of Political Science. - 2009. - Vol. 12. - pp. 135-161.

69. Husted B. W. Honor among thieves: A transaction-cost interpretation of corruption in Third World countries // Business Ethics Quarterly. - 1994. - 1 : Vol. 4. - pp. 17-27.

70. Isham J. The effect of social capital on fertiliser adoption: Evidence from rural Tanzania // Journal of African Economies. - 2002. - 1 : Vol. 11. - pp. 39-60.

71. Isham J., Kaufmann D. and Pritchett L. H. Civil liberties, democracy, and the performance of government projects // The World Bank Economic Review. - 1997. - 2 : Vol. 11. - pp. 219-242.

72. Kaufmann D. Corruption: the facts // Foreign policy. - 1997. - pp. 114-131.

73. Kaufmann D., Kraay A. and Mastruzzi M. Governance matters VIII: aggregate and individual governance indicators, 1996-2008 . - 2009.

74. Klitgaard R. Controlling corruption . - [s.l.] : Univ of California Press, 1988.

75. Kluckhohn F. R. and Strodtbeck F. L. Variations in value orientations . - 1961.

76. Knack S. and Keefer P. Does social capital have an economic payoff? A cross-country investigation // The Quarterly journal of economics. - 1997. - 4 : Vol. 112. - pp. 1251-1288.

77. Knack S. and Keefer P. Institutions and economic performance: cross?country tests using alternative institutional measures // Economics & Politics. - 1995. - 3 : Vol. 7. - pp. 207-227.

78. Lambsdorff J. G. How corruption affects persistent capital flows // Economics of Governance. - 2003. - 3 : Vol. 4. - pp. 229-243.

79. Lambsdorff J. G., Taube M. and Schramm M. Corrupt contracting. Exploring the analytical capacity of New Institutional Economics and New Economic Sociology [Book Section] // The new institutional economics of corruption / book auth. Lambsdorff J. G.. - [s.l.] : Routledge, 2004.

80. Licht A. N., Goldschmidt C. and Schwartz S. H. Culture rules: The foundations of the rule of law and other norms of governance // Journal of comparative economics. - 2007. - 4 : Vol. 35. - pp. 659-688.

81. Lipset S. M. Lenz G. S. Culture matters: How values shape human progress [Раздел книги]. - 2000. - Т. 112.

82. Loury G. A dynamic theory of racial income differences // Women, minorities, and employment discrimination. - 1977. - Vol. 153. - pp. 86-153.

83. Luhmann N. Familiarity, confidence, trust: Problems and alternatives // /Trust: Making and breaking cooperative relations. - 2000. - Vol. 6. - pp. 94-107.

84. Mauro P. Corruption and growth // The quarterly journal of economics. - 1995. - 3 : Vol. 110. - pp. 681-712.

85. Mauro P. Corruption and the composition of government expenditure // Journal of Public economics. - 1998. - 2 : Vol. 69. - pp. 263-279.

86. Merton R. K. Social theory and social structure . - [s.l.] : Simon and Schuster, 1968.

87. Miguel E. A., Gertler P. and Levine D. I. Did industrialization destroy social capital in Indonesia? // Center for International and Development Economics Research. - 2003.

88. Miller W. L., Grшdeland Е. B. and Koshechkina T. Y. A culture of corruption? Coping with government in post-communist Europe . - [s.l.] : Central European University Press, 2001.

89. Mingiu A. Corruption: Diagnosis and treatment // Journal of democracy. - 2006 г.. - 3 : Т. 17. - стр. 86-99.

90. Monroe K. R., Hankin J. and Vechten R. B. V. The psychological foundations of identity politics // Annual Review of Political Science. - 2000. - 1 : Vol. 3. - pp. 419-447.

91. Montinola G. R. and Jackman R. W. Sources of corruption: A cross-country study // British Journal of Political Science. - 2002. - 1 : Vol. 32. - pp. 147-170.

92. Nahapiet J. and Ghoshal S. Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage // Academy of management review. - 1998. - 2 : Vol. 23. - pp. 242-266.

93. North D. C. Institutions, institutional change and economic performance . - [s.l.] : Cambridge University press, 1990.

94. Nye J. S. Corruption and political development: A cost-benefit analysis // American political science review. - 1967. - 2 : Vol. 61. - pp. 417-427.

95. Olken B. A. Corruption and the costs of redistribution: Micro evidence from Indonesia // Journal of public economics. - 2006. - 4 : Vol. 90. - pp. 853-870.

96. Olson J. M. and Zanna M. P. Attitudes and attitude change // Annual review of psychology. - 1993. - 1 : Vol. 44. - pp. 117-154.

97. Oyserman D., Coon H. M. and Kemmelmeier M. Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses // Psychological Bulletin. - 2002. - 1 : Vol. 128. - p. 3.

98. Parra-Raquena G., Molina-Morales F. X. and Garcia-Villaverde P. The mediating effect of cognitive social capital on knowledge acquisition in clustered firms // Growth and change. - 2010. - 1 : Vol. 41. - pp. 59-84.

99. Parsons T. and Shils E. A. Values, motives, and systems of action // Toward a general theory of action. - 1951. - Vol. 33. - pp. 247-275.

100. Pettigrew T. F. Intergroup contact theory // Annual review of psychology. - 1998. - 1 : Vol. 49. - pp. 65-85.

101. Portes A. Social Capital: Its Origins and Applications in Modern Sociology // Annual Review of Sociology. - 1998. - 22. - pp. 1-24.

102. Putnam R. D. Bowling alone: America's declining social capital // Culture and politics. - [s.l.] : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2000. - pp. 223-234.

103. Putnam R. D. The prosperous community // The american prospect. - 1993. - 13 : Vol. 4. - pp. 35-42.

104. Rauch J. E. and Evans P. B. Bureaucratic structure and bureaucratic performance in less developed countries // Journal of public economics. - 2000. - 1 : Vol. 75. - pp. 49-71.

105. Rivas M. F. An experiment on corruption and gender // Bulletin of Economic Research. - 2013. - 1 : Vol. 65. - pp. 10-42.

106. Rokeach M. The nature of human values . - [s.l.] : Free press, 1973.

107. Rose-Ackerman S. Governance and corruption // Global crises, global solutions. - 2004. - Vol. 301. - pp. 310-11.

108. Rose-Ackerman S. Political corruption and democracy // Conn. J. Int'l L. - 1999. - 363 : Vol. 14.

109. Rotter J. B. Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement // Psychological monographs: General and applied. - 1966. - 1 : Vol. 80. - p. 1.

110. Schmid A. A. and Robison L. J. Applications of social capital theory // Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. - 1995. - 1 : Vol. 27. - p. 59.

111. Schmuck P., Kasser T. and Ryan R. M. Intrinsic and extrinsic goals: Their structure and relationship to well-being in German and US college students // Social Indicators Research. - 2000. - 2 : Vol. 50. - pp. 225-241.

112. Schulze G. G. and Frank B. Deterrence versus intrinsic motivation: Experimental evidence on the determinants of corruptibility //. - . - Т. 4. - №. 2. - С. . // Economics of governance. - 2003. - 2 : Vol. 4. - pp. 143-160.

113. Schwartz S. H. Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries // Advances in experimental social psychology. - 1992. - Vol. 25. - pp. 1-65.

114. Schweitzer H. Corruption: its spread and decline // The new institutional economics of corruption. - 2004 г.. - стр. 16-40.

115. Schweitzer H. Ideas for Developing a Theory of Corruption . - Bonn : Unverцffentlichtes Manuskript, 2002.

116. Sherrod L. R., Flanagan C. and Youniss J. Dimensions of citizenship and opportunities for youth development: The what, why, when, where, and who of citizenship development // Applied Developmental Science. - 2002. - 4 : Vol. 6. - pp. 264-272.

117. Shleifer A. and Vishny R. W. Corruption // The quarterly journal of economics. - 1993. - 3 : Vol. 108. - pp. 599-617.

118. Smelser N. J. Theory of collective behavior . - [s.l.] : Quid Pro Books, 2011.

119. Smith D.J. Kinship and corruption in contemporary Nigeria // Ethnos. - 2008. - 3 : Vol. 66.

120. Smith P. B., Dugan S. and Trompenaars F. National culture and the values of organizational employees a dimensional analysis across 43 nations // Journal of cross-cultural psychology. - 1996. - 2 : Vol. 27. - pp. 231-264.

121. Sobel J. Can we trust social capital? // Journal of economic literature. - 2002. - 1 : Vol. 40. - pp. 139-154.

122. Stouffer S. A. and Toby J. Role conflict and personality // American Journal of Sociology. - 1951. - 5 : Vol. 56. - pp. 395-406.

123. Summers G. F. Attitude measurement . - [s.l.] : Rand McNally and Company, 1971.

124. Swamy A. [et al.] Gender and corruption // Journal of development economics. - 2001. - 1 : Vol. 64. - pp. 25-55.

125. Swamy A. [et al.] Gender and corruption // Journal of development economics. - 2001. - 1 : Vol. 64. - pp. 25-55.

126. Sztompka P. Trust: A sociological theory . - [s.l.] : Cambridge University Press, 1999.

127. Thomas W. I. and Znaniecki F. The polish peasant in Europe and America . - 1958.

128. Tцnnies F. Community and Association . - London : Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1955 (1887).

129. Torgler B. and Valev N. T. Gender and public attitudes toward corruption and tax evasion // Contemporary Economic Policy. - 2010. - 4 : Vol. 28. - pp. 554-568.

130. Treisman D. The causes of corruption: a cross-national study // Journal of public economics. - 2000. - 3 : Vol. 76. - pp. 399-457.

131. Treisman D. What have we learned about the causes of corruption from ten years of cross-national empirical research? // Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci.. - 2007. - Vol. 10. - pp. 211-244.

132. Triandis H. C. Individualism & collectivism . - [s.l.] : Westview press, 1995.

133. Truex R. Corruption, attitudes, and education: Survey evidence from Nepal // World Development. - 2011. - 7 : Vol. 39. - pp. 1133-1142.

134. Uphoff N. and Wijayaratna C. M. Demonstrated benefits from social capital: the productivity of farmer organizations in Gal Oya, Sri Lanka // World Development. - 2000. - 11 : Vol. 28. - pp. 1875-1890.

135. Uphoff N. Understanding social capital: learning from the analysis and experience of participation // Social capital: A multifaceted perspective. - 2000. - pp. 215-249.

136. Uslaner E. M. Trust and corruption // The new institutional economics of corruption. - 2004. - Vol. 76.

137. Van Rijckeghem C. and Weder B. Bureaucratic corruption and the rate of temptation: do wages in the civil service affect corruption, and by how much? //Journal of development economics . - 2001. - 2 : Vol. 65. - pp. 307-331.

138. Waldinger R. The Other Side of Embeddedness: A Case Study of Interplay between Economy and Ethnicity // Ethnical and Racial Studies. - 1995. - Vol. 18. - pp. 555-580.

139. Weber M. The theory of economic and social organization (Trans. AM Henderson and Talcott Parsons) . - New York : Oxford University Press, 1947.

140. Weede E. Economic policy and international security: Rent-seeking, free trade and democratic peace // European Journal of International Relations. - 1995. - 4 : Vol. 1. - pp. 519-537.

141. Wei S. J. How taxing is corruption on international investors? // Review of economics and statistics. - 2000. - 1 : Vol. 82. - pp. 1-11.

142. Werner S. B. New directions in the study of administrative corruption // Public Administration Review. - 1983. - pp. 146-154.

143. Whiteley P. F. Economic growth and social capital // Political studies. - 2000. - 3 : Vol. 48. - pp. 443-466.

144. Williams J. E. and Best D. L. Measuring sex stereotypes: A multination study, Rev. . - [s.l.] : Sage Publications, Inc, 1990.

145. Williamson O. E. Opportunism and its critics // Managerial and decision economics. - 1993. - 2 : Vol. 14. - pp. 97-107.

146. Woolcock M. and Narayan D. Social capital // World Bank Research Observer. - 2000. - 2 : Vol. 15. - pp. 225-249.

147. Woolcock M. Social capital and economic development: Toward a theoretical synthesis and policy framework // Theory and society. - 1998. - 2 : Vol. 27. - pp. 151-208.

148. Wrightsman L. S. Interpersonal trust and attitudes toward human nature . - 1991.

149. Yamagishi T. and Yamagishi M. Trust and commitment in the United States and Japan // Motivation and emotion. - 1994. - 2 : Vol. 18. - pp. 129-166.

150. Zak P. J. and Knack S. Trust and growth // The economic journal. - 2001. - 470 : Vol. 111. - pp. 295-321.

151. Zurcher Jr L. A., Meadow A. and Zurcher S. L. Value orientation, role conflict, and alienation from work: A cross-cultural study // American Sociological Review. - 1965. - pp. 539-548.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Данное исследование проводилось с целью изучения социально-психологических факторов коррупционного поведения. Выборка составила 196 жителей Санкт-Петербурга, студентов государственного управления, действующих государственных служащих и кандидатов на государственную службу, 53 мужчин и 143 женщины. Изучался когнитивный социальный капитал (как показатель ценностей, норм и отношений, связанных с эффективной совместную работу, представленных в выборке), связанный с коррупционным поведением. Измерены: ценности (Ценностный опросник Ш. Шварца, адаптация Л. Г. Почебут), социально-эталонные переменные (Л. Г. Почебут) и отношение к праву (Д. С. Безносов). Обработка данных выполнялась с использованием многомерного анализа дисперсий, корреляционного анализа, факторного анализа и метода множественной регрессии.

Были получены следующие результаты: фактические государственные служащие показали когнитивный социальный капитал, менее связанный с коррупцией, поскольку они показали более высокие результаты в универсализме и индивидуализме. Не было обнаружено различий по полу. Факторный анализ позволил выделить 6 факторов, описывающих разнообразие когнитивного социального капитала государственных служащих. «Коррупционные» переменные показали корреляцию с коллективизмом, традиционными ценностями и социальной автономией.

The current study was conducted to examine social-psychological factors of corruptional behaviour. The sample consisted of 196 residents of St. Petersburg, public service students, actual public employees and public service candidates, 53 men and 143 women. Cognitive social capital (as measure of values, norms and attitudes, causing effective teamwork, represented in the sample), related to corrupt behavior was studied. Measured: values (S. Schwartz Values Questionnaire, adapted by L. G. Pochebut), pattern variables (L. G. Pochebut) and attitudes to law (D. S. Beznosov). Data processing was performed using multidimentional analysis of variances, correlation analysis, factor analysis and multiple regression method.

The following results were obtained: actual public servants represent less corruption-related cognitive social capital, as they showed higher results in universalism and individualism. No sex variance was found. Factor analysis allowed to distinguish 6 factors, describing cognitive social capital of public servants. “Corruption-related” variables showed correlation with collectivism, traditional values and social autonomy.

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ

Размещено на Allbest.ru