Особенности восприятия речи на слух как критерий оценки качества закадрового перевода документального фильма
Аудиовизуальный перевод и его виды. Изучение составляющих нелингвистической системы кинотекста. Главный анализ экранизации литературных произведений. Восприятие речи на слух как критерий оценки качества закадрового перевода документального фильма.
| Рубрика | Иностранные языки и языкознание |
| Вид | дипломная работа |
| Язык | русский |
| Дата добавления | 28.11.2019 |
| Размер файла | 255,0 K |
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00:56:59,880 --> 00:57:03,240
It seems to have undone some of the damage
00:56:59,880 --> 00:57:03,240
Благодаря им были исправлены некоторые нарушения,
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00:57:03,240 --> 00:57:05,880
that I have done to my body down the years.
00:57:03,240 --> 00:57:05,880
которые я нанес моему телу в течении многих лет.
+
00:57:08,920 --> 00:57:12,040
It is very poignant looking at the photographs of myself
00:57:08,920 --> 00:57:12,040
Интересно разглядывать свои фотографии
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00:57:12,040 --> 00:57:15,160
and members of my family growing up and growing older,
00:57:12,040 --> 00:57:15,160
и фотографии членов моей семьи, как они растут и стареют,
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00:57:15,160 --> 00:57:18,640
but it doesn't make me want to hold back the hands of time.
00:57:15,160 --> 00:57:18,640
но я не хочу остановить время на месте,
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00:57:18,640 --> 00:57:23,920
I sort of think that we do grow old, we should grow old,
00:57:18,640 --> 00:57:23,920
Я думаю, что мы действительно стареем и мы должны стареть,
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00:57:23,920 --> 00:57:26,920
and there's very little we can do about it.
00:57:23,920 --> 00:57:26,920
и мы ничего не можем с этим поделать.
+
00:57:26,920 --> 00:57:31,680
But fasting is somehow different. Fasting is not about trying to live to 140,
00:57:26,920 --> 00:57:31,680
Но голодание - это нечто другое. Голодание - это не попытка прожить до 140 лет,
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00:57:31,680 --> 00:57:35,880
it's about staying healthy for as long as you can,
00:57:31,680 --> 00:57:35,880
это возможность оставаться здоровыми до тех пор, пока вы можете,
+
00:57:35,880 --> 00:57:39,280
and with the sort of time bomb we're facing as a nation,
00:57:35,880 --> 00:57:39,280
и та бомба замедленного действия, которая заложена под нашу нацию,
+
00:57:39,280 --> 00:57:42,240
with obesity going up, diabetes going up,
00:57:39,280 --> 00:57:42,240
когда рост заболеваний ожирением и сахарным диабетом увеличивается,
+
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we desperately need something which can make a difference.
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мы отчаянно нуждаемся в том, что может изменить ситуацию.
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Fasting is the first thing I've come across
00:57:45,960 --> 00:57:49,480
Голодание - это первое, из того, с чем я столкнулся,
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that I genuinely believe that if people were to take it up,
00:57:49,480 --> 00:57:52,840
чем я искренне считаю, люди должны заниматься,
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it could radically transform the nation's health.
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это может радикально изменить здоровье нации.
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So, I hope that we continue to see massive research going into this territory.
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Я надеюсь, что исследования в этой области будут продолжаться.
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Doing this fasting has been one of the most interesting...
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Это голодание было одним из самых интересных...
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no, I would say THE most interesting sort of journey, film,
00:58:08,240 --> 00:58:11,600
Нет, я бы сказал, самым интересным видом занятия, фильмом,
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whatever you want to call it, that I have been on.
00:58:11,600 --> 00:58:14,240
называйте это, как хотите.
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DOG WHIMPERS
00:58:14,240 --> 00:58:16,320
Перевод отсутствует
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And I've never said that before.
00:58:16,320 --> 00:58:18,520
И я никогда не говорил этого раньше.
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Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd
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русские субтитры: fyva2000@mail.ru
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Таблица 1. - Оценка качества закадрового перевода документального фильма «Вся правда о характере».
|
Оригинал |
Перевод |
Кр-й |
|
|
00:00:07,320 --> 00:00:09,360 I'm Michael Mosley. |
00:00:07,320 --> 00:00:09,360 Меня зовут Майкл Мосли. |
+ |
|
|
00:00:09,360 --> 00:00:12,760 As you can see, I was a blissfully happy child |
00:00:09,360 --> 00:00:12,760 В детстве я был счастливым, жизнерадостным ребенком |
+ |
|
|
00:00:12,760 --> 00:00:16,320 but, although I still try to be cheerful, |
00:00:12,760 --> 00:00:16,320 и хотя я пытаюсь выглядеть счастливым и сейчас, |
+ |
|
|
00:00:16,320 --> 00:00:19,080 this is now something of a mask. |
00:00:16,320 --> 00:00:19,080 это не более чем маска. |
+ |
|
|
00:00:20,240 --> 00:00:23,160 I have a tendency to be a catastrophic thinker |
00:00:20,240 --> 00:00:23,160 У меня есть склонность к рефлексии, |
+ |
|
|
00:00:23,160 --> 00:00:25,840 and I think, "Oh, it's going to be terrible or I'm going to retire |
00:00:23,160 --> 00:00:25,840 "О, это будет ужасно" или "меня выгонят с работы" |
+ |
|
|
00:00:25,840 --> 00:00:29,680 "and I'm going to get some horrible disease or not have any money." Did that ever worry you? |
00:00:25,840 --> 00:00:29,680 "Я заболею какой-нибудь ужасной болезнью, или у меня не будет денег". С вами такого не случалось? |
- |
|
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00:00:29,680 --> 00:00:31,160 No. |
00:00:29,680 --> 00:00:31,160 Нет. |
+ |
|
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00:00:32,840 --> 00:00:35,960 The truth is I'm now a bit of a pessimist. |
00:00:32,840 --> 00:00:35,960 Я пессимист. |
+ |
|
|
00:00:37,720 --> 00:00:41,160 I get stressed and I constantly fret about the future. |
00:00:37,720 --> 00:00:41,160 Я все время нервничаю и переживаю по поводу будущего. |
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|
|
00:00:45,240 --> 00:00:48,400 So, a couple of months ago, I set out to explore |
00:00:45,240 --> 00:00:48,400 Поэтому пару месяцев назад |
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00:00:48,400 --> 00:00:52,240 the latest science of personality, |
00:00:48,400 --> 00:00:52,240 я решил изучить последние исследования в области психологии, |
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|
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00:00:52,240 --> 00:00:55,000 to see if it is possible to change. |
00:00:52,240 --> 00:00:55,000 чтобы узнать, можно ли изменить структуру личности. |
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|
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00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:58,400 Now, in many ways, I suspect this is going to be the hardest thing |
00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:58,400 Мне кажется, что это будет самое сложное из того, что я делал, |
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00:00:58,400 --> 00:01:01,360 I've ever attempted, but the rewards are also great. |
00:00:58,400 --> 00:01:01,360 но цель оправдывает затраченные усилия. |
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|
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00:01:01,360 --> 00:01:05,040 I want to become a warmer, more open person. |
00:01:01,360 --> 00:01:05,040 Я хочу стать более открытым и доброжелательным человеком. |
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|
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00:01:05,040 --> 00:01:08,120 I want to be happier and, from a purely selfish point of view, |
00:01:05,040 --> 00:01:08,120 И я хочу стать более счастливым, |
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|
00:01:08,120 --> 00:01:11,000 I also want to be able to sleep better because I'm something |
00:01:08,120 --> 00:01:11,000 Я также хочу, чтобы мой сон улучшился, |
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00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:14,080 of a chronic insomniac and when I get stressed, |
00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:14,080 потому что я сплю очень плохо, когда я нервничаю, |
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|
00:01:14,080 --> 00:01:17,080 like I am frankly at the moment, I stop sleeping. |
00:01:14,080 --> 00:01:17,080 например, как сейчас. |
+ |
|
|
00:01:17,080 --> 00:01:19,240 Is that too much to ask? |
00:01:17,080 --> 00:01:19,240 Не слишком ли многого я хочу? |
+ |
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|
00:01:20,720 --> 00:01:25,440 I've set myself a very ambitious task... To change my mind. |
00:01:20,720 --> 00:01:25,440 Я поставил перед собой амбициозную задачу - изменить мой разум. |
+ |
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|
00:01:29,720 --> 00:01:32,680 What I've been trying is something that requires no drugs, |
00:01:29,720 --> 00:01:32,680 Для этого не требуются ни лекарства, |
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|
00:01:32,680 --> 00:01:35,280 no expensive therapy. |
00:01:32,680 --> 00:01:35,280 ни дорогостоящая терапия. |
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|
00:01:35,280 --> 00:01:39,200 Instead, it involves a couple of unusual techniques |
00:01:35,280 --> 00:01:39,200 Вместо этого используются две весьма необычные методики. |
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00:01:39,200 --> 00:01:42,640 and, after seven weeks, I'm genuinely surprised |
00:01:39,200 --> 00:01:42,640 И, по происшествии 7 недель, |
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00:01:42,640 --> 00:01:44,320 by what's happened. |
00:01:42,640 --> 00:01:44,320 я удивлен тем, что произошло. |
+ |
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00:01:44,320 --> 00:01:47,400 That absolutely made my day, thank you. Brilliant! |
00:01:44,320 --> 00:01:47,400 Это просто праздник какой-то. Замечательно! |
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|
00:01:47,400 --> 00:01:51,880 Give it up for Michael, everyone! |
00:01:47,400 --> 00:01:51,880 Поприветствуйте Майкла! |
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|
|
00:01:51,880 --> 00:01:55,920 So, can you really change key aspects of your personality? |
00:01:51,880 --> 00:01:55,920 Возможно ли изменить ключевые аспекты личности? |
+ |
|
|
00:01:55,920 --> 00:01:58,280 And why might we want to? |
00:01:55,920 --> 00:01:58,280 И для чего это нам нужно? |
+ |
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00:02:16,200 --> 00:02:22,080 This is Oxford, Ohio, a town in the American Mid-West. |
00:02:16,200 --> 00:02:22,080 Это городок Оксфорд, штат Огайо. |
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00:02:22,080 --> 00:02:25,120 It's not a particularly fun-looking town |
00:02:22,080 --> 00:02:25,120 он не выглядит особо привлекательным, |
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00:02:25,120 --> 00:02:27,760 but first impressions can be deceptive. |
00:02:25,120 --> 00:02:27,760 но первые впечатления могут оказаться обманчивыми. |
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00:02:31,160 --> 00:02:34,640 I'm starting here because the people in this place have revealed |
00:02:31,160 --> 00:02:34,640 Я начинаю свои исследования в этом месте, |
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00:02:34,640 --> 00:02:38,440 the extent to which the mind can affect the body. |
00:02:34,640 --> 00:02:38,440 потому что местные люди показали, как сильно наш ум может влиять на наше тело. |
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00:02:38,440 --> 00:02:44,000 They've shown that what you think and how you think really matters. |
00:02:38,440 --> 00:02:44,000 Они показали, что то, что вы думаете и то, как вы думаете, действительно имеет значение. |
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00:02:48,880 --> 00:02:52,800 It's a quiet - really quite unremarkable - little town, |
00:02:48,880 --> 00:02:52,800 Это маленький, спокойный, ничем не примечательный город, |
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00:02:52,800 --> 00:02:55,880 and yet, back in 1975, it was the subject |
00:02:52,800 --> 00:02:55,880 но в 1975 здесь производился |
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00:02:55,880 --> 00:02:58,960 of a really fascinating social experiment, |
00:02:55,880 --> 00:02:58,960 удивительный социальный эксперимент, |
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00:02:58,960 --> 00:03:02,520 one which has been going on now for almost 40 years. |
00:02:58,960 --> 00:03:02,520 который продолжается и сейчас, спустя 40 лет. |
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00:03:16,520 --> 00:03:19,400 It started when a scientist from the local university |
00:03:16,520 --> 00:03:19,400 Он начался, когда ученым из местного Университета |
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00:03:19,400 --> 00:03:21,560 came up with an ambitious plan - |
00:03:19,400 --> 00:03:21,560 пришла в голову амбициозная идея - |
+ |
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00:03:21,560 --> 00:03:26,200 to recruit all the over 50s in the town for a study into ageing. |
00:03:21,560 --> 00:03:26,200 привлечь к исследованиям старения жителей в возрасте свыше 50 лет. |
+ |
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00:03:32,480 --> 00:03:36,400 More than 1,000 of the locals duly signed up. |
00:03:32,480 --> 00:03:36,400 Более 1000 человек согласились принять участие в исследовании. |
+ |
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00:03:40,040 --> 00:03:43,400 I've come to meet some of the members of that original group, |
00:03:40,040 --> 00:03:43,400 Я решил встретиться с некоторыми из них, |
+ |
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00:03:43,400 --> 00:03:46,200 and they are a lively lot. |
00:03:43,400 --> 00:03:46,200 они очень жизнерадостны. |
+ |
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00:03:47,720 --> 00:03:49,920 So, you guys kind of gather every morning or...? |
00:03:47,720 --> 00:03:49,920 То есть вы собираетесь каждое утро, или? |
+ |
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00:03:49,920 --> 00:03:52,880 You sound as though you're having a gas, I have to say. |
00:03:49,920 --> 00:03:52,880 выглядите, будто у вас много энергии, должен сказать. |
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00:03:52,880 --> 00:03:56,800 Every morning except Sunday. Who's the oldest person here? |
00:03:52,880 --> 00:03:56,800 - Каждое утро, кроме воскресенья. Кто здесь самый старший? |
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00:03:56,800 --> 00:04:00,160 He's second, I'm 90. You're 90? He's 88. |
00:03:56,800 --> 00:04:00,160 Он на втором месте. Мне 90. Вам 90? Ему 88. |
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00:04:00,160 --> 00:04:02,920 88. You going to try and make 100? |
00:04:00,160 --> 00:04:02,920 88. Вы можете попробовать дожить до 100? |
+ |
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00:04:02,920 --> 00:04:05,040 I don't know. I tell you, when you get to be 90, |
00:04:02,920 --> 00:04:05,040 я не знаю, когда доживешь до 90 лет, |
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00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:07,520 actually, you know, you live from day to day. |
00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:07,520 в общем-то, каждый новый день - это подарок. |
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00:04:07,520 --> 00:04:10,880 Ken, you took part in the original study which began in '75. |
00:04:07,520 --> 00:04:10,880 Кен, вы принимали участие в исследовании, которое проводилось в 1975 году. |
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00:04:10,880 --> 00:04:12,680 Do you remember taking part in it? |
00:04:10,880 --> 00:04:12,680 Вы помните это? |
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00:04:12,680 --> 00:04:15,280 I vaguely remember taking part in it. |
00:04:12,680 --> 00:04:15,280 Я смутно это припоминаю. |
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00:04:15,280 --> 00:04:17,320 I mean, did you know how extraordinary it was |
00:04:15,280 --> 00:04:17,320 Это было достаточно необычно, |
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00:04:17,320 --> 00:04:20,000 that they tried to recruit pretty well everybody in this town |
00:04:17,320 --> 00:04:20,000 они старались привлечь к этому исследованию |
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00:04:20,000 --> 00:04:22,400 at the time, and then they followed them |
00:04:20,000 --> 00:04:22,400 почти всех в то время и они наблюдают за ними |
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00:04:22,400 --> 00:04:24,640 for whatever it is, 35 years now? |
00:04:22,400 --> 00:04:24,640 в течение уже 35 лет? |
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00:04:24,640 --> 00:04:27,880 I don't think they've been following me though, have they? |
00:04:24,640 --> 00:04:27,880 Я не думаю, что они следили за мной, не так ли? |
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00:04:27,880 --> 00:04:30,400 Secretly! |
00:04:27,880 --> 00:04:30,400 Скрытно! |
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00:04:32,080 --> 00:04:35,800 In 1975, volunteers filled in questionnaires, |
00:04:32,080 --> 00:04:35,800 В 1975 добровольцы заполняли анкеты, |
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00:04:35,800 --> 00:04:38,840 looking at things like health, jobs, family |
00:04:35,800 --> 00:04:38,840 отвечая на вопросы об их семье, работе, здоровье |
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00:04:38,840 --> 00:04:41,520 and attitudes towards growing older. |
00:04:38,840 --> 00:04:41,520 и их мыслях по поводу старения. |
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00:04:43,040 --> 00:04:45,520 Do you worry about the future? |
00:04:43,040 --> 00:04:45,520 Вы беспокоитесь о будущем? |
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00:04:45,520 --> 00:04:48,240 No, no, I don't worry about the future. |
00:04:45,520 --> 00:04:48,240 Нет, я не беспокоюсь о будущем. |
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00:04:48,240 --> 00:04:51,760 I... What will come will come, and when it comes, it comes. |
00:04:48,240 --> 00:04:51,760 Что будет, то будет. |
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00:04:51,760 --> 00:04:54,320 But, no, no. I don't worry about it. |
00:04:51,760 --> 00:04:54,320 Нет, я совсем не переживаю по этому поводу. |
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00:04:54,320 --> 00:04:59,960 If you just keep cyclically thinking bad thoughts, not good. |
00:04:54,320 --> 00:04:59,960 Если у вас в голове постоянно вертятся негативные мысли, это плохо. |
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00:04:59,960 --> 00:05:02,400 What do you see in people who are negative? |
00:04:59,960 --> 00:05:02,400 Что вы думаете о негативных людях? |
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00:05:02,400 --> 00:05:07,000 What do I see in them? I see an unhappy person. |
00:05:02,400 --> 00:05:07,000 Что я о них думаю? Я вижу несчастливого человека. |
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00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:10,520 I see a person who's more highly stressed than others. |
00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:10,520 Я вижу человека, который более озабочен, чем другие. |
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00:05:10,520 --> 00:05:13,160 To be stressed all your life, it would be... |
00:05:10,520 --> 00:05:13,160 быть озабоченным всю свою жизнь... |
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00:05:13,160 --> 00:05:15,440 wouldn't be a pleasant life. |
00:05:13,160 --> 00:05:15,440 - это было бы не очень приятно. |
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00:05:19,360 --> 00:05:22,960 Decades after the original questionnaires were filled in, |
00:05:19,360 --> 00:05:22,960 Десятилетия спустя после того, как были проведены опросы, |
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00:05:22,960 --> 00:05:27,920 data from the Ohio study ended up at Yale University, |
00:05:22,960 --> 00:05:27,920 данные этих исследований были переданы |
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00:05:27,920 --> 00:05:32,760 on the desk of Associate Professor Becca Levy. |
00:05:27,920 --> 00:05:32,760 профессору Ребекке Леви |
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00:05:32,760 --> 00:05:35,320 So, what sort of questions did they ask? |
00:05:32,760 --> 00:05:35,320 Какого рода вопросы они задавали? |
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00:05:35,320 --> 00:05:38,320 One of the questions was, "How much do you agree or disagree |
00:05:35,320 --> 00:05:38,320 Один из вопросов звучал так: "Согласны ли вы с тем, |
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00:05:38,320 --> 00:05:42,360 with the item "as you get older, you are less useful?"" |
00:05:38,320 --> 00:05:42,360 что по мере того, как вы стареете, вы становитесь более бесполезным?" |
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00:05:42,360 --> 00:05:44,800 OK, I would say that I disagree with it |
00:05:42,360 --> 00:05:44,800 Я бы сказал, что я не согласен с этим, потому что я уверен, |
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00:05:44,800 --> 00:05:47,760 because I'm sure that, as I'm getting older, I'm getting more useful. |
00:05:44,800 --> 00:05:47,760 что по мере того, как я старею, я становлюсь более полезным. |
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00:05:47,760 --> 00:05:49,560 Oh, good, very good. |
00:05:47,760 --> 00:05:49,560 Очень хорошо. |
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00:05:49,560 --> 00:05:52,800 Another question that was asked was, "As you get older, |
00:05:49,560 --> 00:05:52,800 Другой вопрос звучал так: "По мере того, как вы стареете, |
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00:05:52,800 --> 00:05:57,040 "are things better, the same or worse than you thought they would be?" |
00:05:52,800 --> 00:05:57,040 все становится лучше, хуже или остается таким же?" |
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00:05:57,040 --> 00:06:01,280 LAUGHS OK, I think I have no particular reason |
00:05:57,040 --> 00:06:01,280 ОК, у меня нет особых оснований пессимистически относиться к будущему, |
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00:06:01,280 --> 00:06:06,000 for feeling negative about the future and yet I do. |
00:06:01,280 --> 00:06:06,000 тем не менее, я это делаю. |
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00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:07,520 What are you fearful of? |
00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:07,520 Чего вы боитесь? |
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00:06:07,520 --> 00:06:11,160 I don't know, just generally more anxious about stuff |
00:06:07,520 --> 00:06:11,160 Я начинаю больше беспокоиться, |
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00:06:11,160 --> 00:06:13,880 but I don't know whether I'm just becoming more realistic |
00:06:11,160 --> 00:06:13,880 но я не знаю, становлюсь ли я большим реалистом, |
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00:06:13,880 --> 00:06:19,120 or whether the world really is a more frightening place |
00:06:13,880 --> 00:06:19,120 или мир меняется в худшую сторону, |
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00:06:19,120 --> 00:06:21,600 than it once was. Yes. |
00:06:19,120 --> 00:06:21,600 чем он был раньше. |
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00:06:25,240 --> 00:06:29,400 It turned out that how you answered these particular questions |
00:06:25,240 --> 00:06:29,400 Как оказалось, то, как вы ответили на эти вопросы, |
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00:06:29,400 --> 00:06:34,840 was a strong predictor of how long you were likely to live. |
00:06:29,400 --> 00:06:34,840 могло подсказать, как долго вы проживете. |
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00:06:34,840 --> 00:06:39,200 Mental attitude was far more important than anyone had imagined. |
00:06:34,840 --> 00:06:39,200 Мысленная установка оказалась гораздо более важной, чем кто-либо мог предположить. |
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00:06:40,240 --> 00:06:45,240 What we did is we tried to find the survival patterns of everybody |
00:06:40,240 --> 00:06:45,240 Мы старались выявить паттерны выживания тех, |
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00:06:45,240 --> 00:06:47,800 who was in the original study, so there's something called |
00:06:45,240 --> 00:06:47,800 кто участвовал в этом исследовании, |
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00:06:47,800 --> 00:06:50,240 the National Death Index in the United States, |
00:06:47,800 --> 00:06:50,240 и есть Индекс Смертности в Соединенных штатах, |
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00:06:50,240 --> 00:06:54,480 and we found mortality information about all the original participants. |
00:06:50,240 --> 00:06:54,480 и мы нашли данные о смертности всех участников данного исследования. |
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00:06:57,080 --> 00:06:59,560 And when Becca went through the death records, |
00:06:57,080 --> 00:06:59,560 И, когда Ребекка проанализировала данные о смертности, |
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00:06:59,560 --> 00:07:02,520 she found the same thing over and over again. |
00:06:59,560 --> 00:07:02,520 она увидела, что одно и то же повторяется снова и снова. |
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00:07:04,360 --> 00:07:06,440 It was actually a survival advantage |
00:07:04,360 --> 00:07:06,440 Те, у кого были более позитивные представления о старении, |
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00:07:06,440 --> 00:07:09,320 on average of about seven and a half years |
00:07:06,440 --> 00:07:09,320 имели преимущество - |
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00:07:09,320 --> 00:07:11,800 for those who had more positive beliefs about ageing. |
00:07:09,320 --> 00:07:11,800 в среднем они проживали на 7.5 лет дольше. |
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00:07:11,800 --> 00:07:14,280 So, something which actually increases life expectancy |
00:07:11,800 --> 00:07:14,280 если что-то позволяет увеличить продолжительность жизни на 7.5 лет, |
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00:07:14,280 --> 00:07:17,080 by seven and a half years is quite a big deal, I think. |
00:07:14,280 --> 00:07:17,080 то это имеет очень большое значение. |
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00:07:17,080 --> 00:07:18,880 Were you excited when you discovered it? |
00:07:17,080 --> 00:07:18,880 Вы обрадовались, когда открыли это? |
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00:07:18,880 --> 00:07:21,960 Yes, so it was a bigger advantage than we had predicted |
00:07:18,880 --> 00:07:21,960 Да, это было нечто гораздо большее, чем мы предполагали, |
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00:07:21,960 --> 00:07:23,880 so that was really exciting to look at. |
00:07:21,960 --> 00:07:23,880 и это было очень интересно. |
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00:07:23,880 --> 00:07:26,120 Ready? |
00:07:23,880 --> 00:07:26,120 Готовы? |
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00:07:29,840 --> 00:07:31,440 Get happy! |
00:07:29,840 --> 00:07:31,440 Будьте счастливы! |
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00:07:31,440 --> 00:07:34,560 One, two, three. Fine, right? |
00:07:31,440 --> 00:07:34,560 Раз, два, три. |
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00:07:35,560 --> 00:07:38,120 Becca's research has been backed by other work |
00:07:35,560 --> 00:07:38,120 Результаты Ребекки подтверждаются данными другого исследования, |
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00:07:38,120 --> 00:07:41,120 looking into the power of optimism. |
00:07:38,120 --> 00:07:41,120 посвященного оптимизму. |
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00:07:43,040 --> 00:07:47,360 To put her results into context, if we could cure cancer tomorrow, |
00:07:43,040 --> 00:07:47,360 если бы в будущем мы смогли излечить рак, |
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00:07:47,360 --> 00:07:53,560 it would half as much, three to four years to life expectancy. |
00:07:47,360 --> 00:07:53,560 то продолжительность жизни увеличилась бы на 3-4 года. |
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00:07:53,560 --> 00:07:58,480 But what can you do if you're not naturally a positive, happy soul? |
00:07:53,560 --> 00:07:58,480 Но что можно сделать, если вы не оптимист от природы? |
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00:08:01,920 --> 00:08:04,120 I keep on thinking that the worst is going to happen. |
00:08:01,920 --> 00:08:04,120 Я все время думаю о том, что может случиться что-то ужасное. |
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00:08:04,120 --> 00:08:06,560 It doesn't happen but, in the meanwhile, |
00:08:04,120 --> 00:08:06,560 этого не произойдет, но тем не менее, |
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00:08:06,560 --> 00:08:09,280 rather than engaging in the present and sort of being there, |
00:08:06,560 --> 00:08:09,280 вместо того чтобы присутствовать в настоящем, |
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00:08:09,280 --> 00:08:11,600 chatting with my family, I'm sometimes staring off |
00:08:09,280 --> 00:08:11,600 например, проводя время вместе с семьей, |
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00:08:11,600 --> 00:08:13,560 into outer space, thinking about things |
00:08:11,600 --> 00:08:13,560 я уношусь мыслями в другие миры, думая о том, |
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00:08:13,560 --> 00:08:15,560 which will probably never occur. |
00:08:13,560 --> 00:08:15,560 что, скорее всего, никогда не произойдет. |
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00:08:15,560 --> 00:08:20,800 I'm also still sleeping terribly and, so, if I could do something |
00:08:15,560 --> 00:08:20,800 Я все еще плохо сплю, и есл и есть что-то, |
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00:08:20,800 --> 00:08:26,480 that would make that different, then I would really love to do it. |
00:08:20,800 --> 00:08:26,480 что могло бы изменить это положение вещей, я хотел бы попробовать сделать это. |
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00:08:34,160 --> 00:08:35,920 Over the last few years, |
00:08:34,160 --> 00:08:35,920 В течении последних нескольких лет, |
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00:08:35,920 --> 00:08:39,320 I've looked at the evidence behind the science of how our bodies work. |
00:08:35,920 --> 00:08:39,320 я изучал, как работает человеческое тело. |
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00:08:42,800 --> 00:08:47,880 I've tried a lot of different tests and procedures on myself. |
00:08:42,800 --> 00:08:47,880 Я испробовал некоторые тесты и процедуры на себе. |
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00:08:49,920 --> 00:08:54,800 Breathe in! Now I want to move on from the body to the mind, |
00:08:49,920 --> 00:08:54,800 Дышите! Теперь я хочу перейти от тела к разуму, |
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00:08:54,800 --> 00:08:59,360 to examine the science behind positive psychology. |
00:08:54,800 --> 00:08:59,360 чтобы изучить науку позитивной психологии. |
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00:09:01,240 --> 00:09:04,120 And the first step is to find objective ways |
00:09:01,240 --> 00:09:04,120 И первый шаг на этом пути - |
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00:09:04,120 --> 00:09:06,280 to measure personality. |
00:09:04,120 --> 00:09:06,280 измерение параметров личности. |
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00:09:09,320 --> 00:09:14,360 Our personalities are a complex interaction of character traits |
00:09:09,320 --> 00:09:14,360 Личность человека представляет собой сложное взаимодействие черт характера, |
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00:09:14,360 --> 00:09:19,520 that affect behaviour, emotions and ultimately the lives we lead. |
00:09:14,360 --> 00:09:19,520 которые оказывают влияние на наше поведение, эмоции и, в конечном счете, на всю нашу жизнь… |
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00:09:19,520 --> 00:09:23,240 And one of THE fundamental drivers is how optimistic |
00:09:19,520 --> 00:09:23,240 Одним из решающих факторов является то, |
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00:09:23,240 --> 00:09:25,360 or pessimistic we are. |
00:09:23,240 --> 00:09:25,360 насколько вы пессимист или оптимист. |
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00:09:25,360 --> 00:09:29,880 This is also one of the hottest new areas of scientific research. |
00:09:25,360 --> 00:09:29,880 Это принципиально новая область научных исследований. |
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00:09:31,000 --> 00:09:35,120 But how on earth do you objectively measure it? |
00:09:31,000 --> 00:09:35,120 Но возможно ли объективно измерить это? |
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00:09:35,120 --> 00:09:38,520 I am 5 ft 11, I'm 168 lbs |
00:09:35,120 --> 00:09:38,520 Мой рост 180 см, вес 76 кг |
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00:09:38,520 --> 00:09:41,880 and my chest size is 42 inches. |
00:09:38,520 --> 00:09:41,880 Окружность груди 106 см. |
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00:09:41,880 --> 00:09:44,440 Now these things are easy to measure |
00:09:41,880 --> 00:09:44,440 Эти параметры легко измерить, |
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00:09:44,440 --> 00:09:46,960 but what about aspects of personality? |
00:09:44,440 --> 00:09:46,960 но что делать с характеристиками личности? |
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00:09:46,960 --> 00:09:49,840 Well, I've come here to Essex University, |
00:09:46,960 --> 00:09:49,840 Я приехал в Университет графства Эссекс, |
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00:09:49,840 --> 00:09:52,240 where they're going to probe my brain |
00:09:49,840 --> 00:09:52,240 специалисты которого будут исследовать мой мозг |
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00:09:52,240 --> 00:09:54,240 and apparently they can tell me |
00:09:52,240 --> 00:09:54,240 и смогут определить, |
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00:09:54,240 --> 00:09:58,080 whether I am fundamentally optimistic or pessimistic. |
00:09:54,240 --> 00:09:58,080 оптимист я, или пессимист. |
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00:10:10,040 --> 00:10:13,560 Professor Elaine Fox is a neuroscientist |
00:10:10,040 --> 00:10:13,560 Профессор Элейн Фокс - нейробиолог |
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00:10:13,560 --> 00:10:18,080 and one of the leading researchers in the science of optimism. |
00:10:13,560 --> 00:10:18,080 и одна из ведущих исследовательниц оптимизма. |
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00:10:18,080 --> 00:10:21,560 Now, ready? All I do is put in a small amount of gel |
00:10:18,080 --> 00:10:21,560 Готовы? Я нанесу немножко геля |
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00:10:21,560 --> 00:10:23,520 and then you'll feel it cold. |
00:10:21,560 --> 00:10:23,520 и вы почувствуете холод. |
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00:10:23,520 --> 00:10:25,760 We know that some people's brains tune in very much |
00:10:23,520 --> 00:10:25,760 мы знаем, что мозг некоторых людей |
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00:10:25,760 --> 00:10:27,720 to negative information and others tune in |
00:10:25,760 --> 00:10:27,720 более настроен на восприятие позитивной информации |
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00:10:27,720 --> 00:10:30,200 to positive information, and what we're hoping to do, |
00:10:27,720 --> 00:10:30,200 а других - на восприятие негативной, |
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00:10:30,200 --> 00:10:33,160 we're measuring the electrical activity in your brain |
00:10:30,200 --> 00:10:33,160 мы измеряем электрический потенциал мозга |
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00:10:33,160 --> 00:10:35,120 and we're really just going to try and probe |
00:10:33,160 --> 00:10:35,120 и мы сейчас попробуем узнать, |
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00:10:35,120 --> 00:10:38,200 and see whether your brain naturally tunes in |
00:10:35,120 --> 00:10:38,200 настроен ли ваш мозг |
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00:10:38,200 --> 00:10:40,480 to either positive stuff or negative stuff. |
00:10:38,200 --> 00:10:40,480 на позитивную или негативную информацию. |
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00:10:40,480 --> 00:10:42,560 I am, I must admit, phenomenally interested |
00:10:40,480 --> 00:10:42,560 Я очень сильно заинтересован в результатах, |
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00:10:42,560 --> 00:10:45,600 to see what you discover because... Yes, it'll be interesting, yeah. |
00:10:42,560 --> 00:10:45,600 которые вы получите. |
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00:10:45,600 --> 00:10:49,080 I would suspect that I have a bias towards the negative. |
00:10:45,600 --> 00:10:49,080 Я подозреваю, что у меня склонность к негативизму. |
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00:10:49,080 --> 00:10:50,680 Do you think so? Yes. |
00:10:49,080 --> 00:10:50,680 Вы так думаете? - Да. |
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00:10:50,680 --> 00:10:52,840 It may turn out that I'm a rip-roaring optimist. |
00:10:50,680 --> 00:10:52,840 Может оказаться, что я неисправимый оптимист. |
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00:10:52,840 --> 00:10:55,080 Well, it absolutely might, yes, exactly. |
00:10:52,840 --> 00:10:55,080 Да, вы правы, такое может случиться. |
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00:10:55,080 --> 00:10:57,800 It's funny because I have these conversations with my wife |
00:10:55,080 --> 00:10:57,800 Я часто спорю со своей женой |
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00:10:57,800 --> 00:11:02,040 quite frequently because she has a... I think, a kind of naturally |
00:10:57,800 --> 00:11:02,040 потому что, похоже, она неисправимый оптимист, |
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00:11:02,040 --> 00:11:04,960 sunny disposition, and she finds it quite frustrating. |
00:11:02,040 --> 00:11:04,960 и ей это неприятно. |
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00:11:04,960 --> 00:11:07,520 You know, she keeps on saying, "These things won't happen." |
00:11:04,960 --> 00:11:07,520 Вы знаете, она все время говорит: "Этого никогда не случится" |
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00:11:07,520 --> 00:11:09,680 No, exactly. "Why do you keep thinking about them? |
00:11:07,520 --> 00:11:09,680 "Почему ты постоянно думаешь об этом?" |
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00:11:09,680 --> 00:11:12,280 "Why do you keep on talking and planning about things, |
00:11:09,680 --> 00:11:12,280 "Почему ты думаешь и говоришь о вещах, |
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00:11:12,280 --> 00:11:14,440 "which the odds on them ever, ever happening |
00:11:12,280 --> 00:11:14,440 которые вряд ли |
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00:11:14,440 --> 00:11:15,920 "are just fantastically low? |
00:11:14,440 --> 00:11:15,920 когда-либо произойдут?" |
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00:11:15,920 --> 00:11:19,000 "Why don't you just wait and see what happens?" |
00:11:15,920 --> 00:11:19,000 "Почему бы тебе не подождать и посмотреть, что случится?" |
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00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:22,160 It's a disaster, the kids will all end up in jail. |
00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:22,160 Это катастрофа, дети сядут в тюрьму. |
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00:11:25,960 --> 00:11:28,200 Embarrassingly, I can't even stop worrying |
00:11:25,960 --> 00:11:28,200 Я не могу перестать волноваться даже сейчас, |
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00:11:28,200 --> 00:11:29,840 while they're setting this up. |
00:11:28,200 --> 00:11:29,840 во время испытаний. |
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00:11:31,200 --> 00:11:34,520 Oh dear, there's a flashing light there. It's not good. |
00:11:31,200 --> 00:11:34,520 Там мерцает огонек, это не к добру. |
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00:11:34,520 --> 00:11:37,280 It's not my bloody job, I know that. |
00:11:34,520 --> 00:11:37,280 Это не мое дело и я знаю это. |
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00:11:37,280 --> 00:11:39,800 My eye keeps on being drawn to it and I keep on going, |
00:11:37,280 --> 00:11:39,800 Мой взгляд притягивается к нему все время, |
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00:11:39,800 --> 00:11:41,400 "Is that important?" |
00:11:39,800 --> 00:11:41,400 "Это важно?" |
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00:11:41,400 --> 00:11:43,400 Don't worry about the flashing light. |
00:11:41,400 --> 00:11:43,400 Не беспокойтесь об этом. |
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00:11:43,400 --> 00:11:46,960 I know, it's nothing to do with me but I can't quite stop myself. |
00:11:43,400 --> 00:11:46,960 Я знаю, что это не имеет никакого значения для меня, но продолжаю думать об этом. |
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00:11:49,360 --> 00:11:52,600 The first part of the test involves measuring levels |
00:11:49,360 --> 00:11:52,600 Во время первой части эксперимента измеряются уровни |
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00:11:52,600 --> 00:11:57,240 of electrical activity on the two sides of my brain while I'm resting. |
00:11:52,600 --> 00:11:57,240 электрической активности двух долей мозга во время отдыха. |
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00:11:58,400 --> 00:12:01,280 Surprisingly enough, studies have shown |
00:11:58,400 --> 00:12:01,280 Удивительно то, что исследования показывают, |
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00:12:01,280 --> 00:12:05,000 that people who are prone to high levels of pessimism, |
00:12:01,280 --> 00:12:05,000 что у людей, склонных к пессимизму, |
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00:12:05,000 --> 00:12:08,800 neuroticism and anxiety tend to have greater activity |
00:12:05,000 --> 00:12:08,800 невротизму и тревожности, |
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00:12:08,800 --> 00:12:12,600 on the right side of their frontal cortex than the left. |
00:12:08,800 --> 00:12:12,600 правое полушарие более активно, чем левое. |
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00:12:12,600 --> 00:12:15,400 This is known as cerebral asymmetry. |
00:12:12,600 --> 00:12:15,400 Это называется Церебральной ассиметрией. |
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00:12:15,400 --> 00:12:18,600 We know it happens, we don't know why. |
00:12:15,400 --> 00:12:18,600 Нам известно, что это происходит, но мы не знаем причины этого. |
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00:12:20,960 --> 00:12:23,480 Now for something more active. |
00:12:20,960 --> 00:12:23,480 Теперь перейдем к активной части. |
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00:12:29,920 --> 00:12:32,560 Elaine's asked me to press a button |
00:12:29,920 --> 00:12:32,560 Элейн попросила меня нажимать кнопку |
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00:12:32,560 --> 00:12:36,560 when I see dots flashing up behind faces on the screen. |
00:12:32,560 --> 00:12:36,560 когда я вижу точки, мерцающие за лицами на экране. |
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00:12:36,560 --> 00:12:39,640 At the moment, I'm just in a kind of a completely zoned-out territory. |
00:12:36,560 --> 00:12:39,640 На данный момент я не понимаю, что я делаю. |
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00:12:39,640 --> 00:12:42,040 I have no idea. |
00:12:39,640 --> 00:12:42,040 Абсолютно никаких мыслей. |
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00:12:42,040 --> 00:12:45,120 That was a cock-up, yeah. |
00:12:42,040 --> 00:12:45,120 Да, все было продумано. |
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00:12:46,280 --> 00:12:49,080 I didn't realise while I was doing it |
00:12:46,280 --> 00:12:49,080 Я не понимал, пока выполнял этот тест, |
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00:12:49,080 --> 00:12:53,320 that the whole point is to test unconscious biases. |
00:12:49,080 --> 00:12:53,320 что тест предназначен для измерения подсознательных наклонностей. |
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