Sarcasm as a lay term which is used for different purposes, and, in order to delimit it, doubles it with "mock politeness" label. Methods for solving problems associated with multimodality and prosodic properties of ironical and sarcastic utterances.

Automated grammatical error detection as a field of linguistics. The variety of methods and techniques used in grammatical error detection along with their applications and evaluation. Abstract computational models and observation of their performance.

The object of this article is automated grammatical error detection as a field of linguistics. The subject of the article is the variety of methods and techniques used in grammatical error detection along with their applications and evaluation.

Climax as a syntactical stylistic device which the emotional tension of expressions increase gradually. Hyperbole - a method which overstates the quality of the object. Meiosis - a form ironical mockery understating the significance of the object.

This small study shows that there are no diphthong phonemes in the Azerbaijani literal language that are fully formed and correspond to monophonic vowels. Azerbaijani linguists interpret the phonemic structure of our language in different ways.

Different approaches to the definition of diplomatic discourse are regarded and characterized. Analysis and study of the official statements of world leaders regarding the Russian-Ukrainian war which confirms the active use of stylistic devices.

Distinguishing features of political activity, the specifics of conducting international negotiations between senior state officials and diplomats. Study of the peculiarity of diplomatic discourse and its differences from other types of communication.

The analysis resulted in singling out language markers that break with the traditional matter-of-fact tone of diplomats’ speeches on such occasions, the major of them being the use of vocabulary, emphatic syntax. Percentage of matter-of-fact language.

Analysis of topical issues of global economic relations in the system of the national economy. Characteristics of the economic-legal model of improving foreign-political relations. Feature of identification of innovation and integration factors.

Preparation of the final compounds 3a-z pyrrole Pal-Knorr condensation of the starting amino compounds 1 and 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran (2) in acetic acid medium. The main analysis of the percent growth of leukemia cells for the most sensitive lines.

Determination of the essence of digitalization of the country's economy, taking into account the concept of development. Analysis of transport and logistics system. Introduction of digital technologies in order to meet the needs of consumers in products.

Expression of disagreement and impoliteness in the course of communication between members of a Spanish family on WhatsApp. Multimodal analysis of understanding the communicative intentions of communication participants using the interview method.

Disasters: fires, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Listening, reading and translate the text. Record and examination words. The use of the Past Continuous or the Past Simple. Correction false sentences in the text. Using hints to determine action.

The adequacy of the discourse in the source and target texts is investigated. The article explains the essence of discourse and adequacy as a linguistic term that reflects conclusions based on the works of writers. The essence of translation adequacy.

Study of the influence of the structure of discourse on the complexity of the text. Approaches based on elementary units of discourse that can be successfully used to analyze reading eye movement data. Perspectives for the study of the complexity.

Analysis of discourse as a speech and mental phenomenon is inextricably linked with communicative and translation aspects. Description of typological features of each individual type of institutional discourse. Confirmed by its existential nature.

Discourse markers: a teachers’ guide and toolkit. A way of using discourse markers in the classroom. Toolkit resources with the English Edu guide. Table cards for students to use a reference material. Discourse markers as essential learning tools.

Differentiation in English of constructions with subjects associated with conceptual archetypes. The conditionality of linguistic meaning by acts of speech activity. Narrative, dialogical strategies for expressing a propositional attitude in sentences.

Review of discursive ambivalence in illocutionary speech acts, their pragmatic features in the context of modern English dialogic discourse. Classification of discursive intentions depending on the perlocutionary intentions that the speaker has in mind.

Thе contention that the first-person pronoun "I" refers to the speaker as the addresser of an illocutionary act, and the second-person pronoun "you" refers to the hearer as the addressee of the illocutionary act. Semantic and lexical universals.

Evidentiality - a combination of quoted, indirect speech when describing events, versions, opinions. Unbiased subjects of ethnic disputes - a factor that contributes to the incitement of racial hostility, affects the public perception of this problem.

This contributions made by scholars on precedent phenomena in the field of modern linguistics. The revealing ofprincipal functions ofprecedent phenomena help to characterize the latter in detail and determine their connection with cultural values.

A contrastive analysis of the lemma women in "The Economist" articles published in 2001-2002, 2020-2021. Gender stereotypes impose behavioural models of men and women prescribing social roles and their activities in various social and professional fields.

Parameterization in terms of contextual substantiation of perception like the philosophical backing of globalization. The system of verbal concepts of the event type - a tool for conceptualizing scientific experience of describing research results.

Consideration of discussion as a method of learning foreign languages and development of communicative competences, considering the use of a communicative approach to learning. Analysis of the phenomenon of discussion, the stages of its organization.

Information on the spacing from the aircraft to the ground station. The peculiarity of the establishment of the position along the airway. The use of distance measuring equipment for aircraft maintenance. The circuit board and transponder pulses.

Opening of features of maintenance and description basic tactician of English communication. Research of components of strategy of "Distancing politeness" in the context of anglo-saxon cultural tradition and mean of its linguistic realization in English.

Authentication of distinctive features of the Australian accent. How the accent is perceived by artificial bilinguals of Russian origin? A little bit about the history of Australian English. The accent is perceived positively among artificial bilinguals.

Using passive and participial, ligaments, objects, attributes, and other modifiers in the explanatory function. Neutral and book vocabulary. The use of proper names and titles. Accurate use of punctuation. The use of long periods with adventitious.

The concept of term, terminology and their characteristic features with an emphasis on the informative function. A role in the processes of terminologizing and determinologizing the context and stylistic coloring of expressions with the use of terms.